Abstract：
:The Orphan Drug Act (ODA) was designed to spur the development of drugs for rare diseases. In principle, its design also incentivizes pharmaceutical firms to develop drugs for "rare" subdivisions of more prevalent diseases. I find that in response to this incentive, firms develop drugs for ODA-qualifying subdivisions of non-rare diseases. The impact in these tailored drug markets represents half of the total R&D response to the ODA. I also find that 10-percent of the innovation in subdivided disease drugs induced by the ODA would have been conducted without the policy. While modest in size, this inefficiency suggests that agency problems should be considered when designing innovation policy.
journal_name
J Health Econjournal_title
Journal of health economicsauthors
Yin Wdoi
10.1016/j.jhealeco.2009.06.011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-09-01 00:00:00pages
950-62issue
5eissn
0167-6296issn
1879-1646pii
S0167-6296(09)00064-2journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We analyze the effect of an individual insurance mandate (Medicare Levy Surcharge) on the demand for private health insurance (PHI) in Australia. With administrative income tax return data, we show that the mandate has several distinct effects on taxpayers' behavior. First, despite the large tax penalty for not having...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.01.001
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper performs new tests of the QALY model when health varies over time. Our tests do not involve confounding assumptions and are robust to violations of expected utility. The results support the use of QALYs at the aggregate level, i.e. in economic evaluations of health care. At the individual level, there is le...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2008.05.009
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Policymakers in countries around the world are faced with rising health care costs and are debating ways to reform health care to reduce expenditures. Estimates of price elasticity of expenditure are a key component for predicting expenditures under alternative policies. Using unique individual-level data compiled fro...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2012.07.002
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proponents of hospital consolidation claim that mergers lead to significant cost savings, but there is little systematic evidence backing these claims. For a large sample of hospital mergers between 2000 and 2010, I estimate difference-in-differences models that compare cost trends at acquired hospitals to cost trends...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2017.01.007
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, much research has been devoted to the question of how the conventional net national product measure should be augmented so as to cover changes in the stocks of natural resources. This paper investigates the treatment of health (capital) and the risk of 'doomsday' caused by pollution in such welfare measures....
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0167-6296(94)00037-5
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Partial expected value of perfect information (EVPI) quantifies the value of removing uncertainty about unknown parameters in a decision model. EVPIs can be computed via Monte Carlo methods. An outer loop samples values of the parameters of interest, and an inner loop samples the remaining parameters from their condit...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2010.03.006
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prenatal care should improve infant health, yet research frequently finds only weak effects. If there are two kinds of pregnancies, 'complicated' and 'normal' ones, then combining these pregnancies may lead prenatal care to appear ineffective. Data from the National Maternal and Infant Health Survey (NMIHS) offers com...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2004.09.012
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, we examine the relationships between health care visits to general practitioners, public and private sector specialists using data from Italy, which has a mixed public-private health care system. We develop a simultaneous equations model that allows for the discreteness of measures of utilization and es...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.10.006
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we conduct the first national evaluation of the effect of malpractice liability pressure, as measured by malpractice premiums, on prenatal care utilization and infant health. Our results indicate that a decrease in malpractice premiums that would result from a feasible policy reform would lead to a decre...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0167-6296(01)00082-0
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Flat capitation (uniform prospective payments) makes enrolling healthy enrollees profitable to health plans. Plans with relatively generous benefits may attract the sick and fail through a premium spiral. We simulate a model of idealized managed competition to explore the effect on market performance of alternatives t...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0167-6296(97)00029-5
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most government employees have access to retiree health coverage, which provides them with group health coverage even if they retire before Medicare eligibility. We study the impact of retiree health coverage on the labor supply of public sector workers between the ages of 55 and 64. We find that retiree health covera...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.03.013
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the effect of time to death (TTD) on health care expenditures (HCE) has been investigated using individual level data, the most profound implications of TTD have been for the forecasting of macro-level HCE. Here we estimate the TTD model using macro-level data from the Netherlands consisting of mortality rate...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2012.08.003
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present findings from a field experiment conducted at 40 elementary schools involving 8000 children and 400,000 child-day observations, which tested whether providing short-run incentives can create habit formation in children. Over a 3- or 5-week period, students received an incentive for eating a serving of fruit...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.11.004
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Late childhood and adolescence is a critical time for social and emotional development. Over the past two decades, this life stage has been hugely affected by the almost universal adoption of the internet as a source of information, communication, and entertainment. We use a large representative sample of over 6300 ch...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2019.102274
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We study the short- and long-term price effects of the number of competing firms, using panel-data on 1303 distinct pharmaceutical markets for 78 months within a reference-price system. We use actual transaction prices in an institutional setting with little scope for non-price competition and where simultaneity probl...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2018.06.009
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper estimates the effect of ambulatory surgical centers (ASCs) on hospital surgical volume using hospital and year fixed effects models with several robustness checks. We show that ASC entry only appears to influence a hospital's outpatient surgical volume if the facilities are within a few miles of each other....
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2010.07.003
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conduct an applied welfare economics analysis of cigarette tax avoidance. We develop an extension of the standard formula for the optimal Pigouvian corrective tax to incorporate the possibility that consumers avoid the tax by making purchases in nearby lower tax jurisdictions. To provide a key parameter for our for...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2013.08.005
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While in theory the strength of preferences for equity in health can be expressed in an 'inequality aversion parameter', in practice, analysts would have to obtain them from people's choices. We are faced with a number of methodological problems when turning to this type of empirical research. This note investigates w...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0167-6296(00)00035-7
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper examines the relationship between schizophrenia and employment. We use longitudinal register data and show a considerable drop in the employment rate for people with schizophrenia six years before the first treatment at a psychiatric facility. After the first treatment, the employment rate stabilizes at 18%...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2013.08.007
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measuring the lifetime costs and benefits of medical technologies is essential in evaluating technological change and determining the productivity of medical care. Using data on Medicare beneficiaries with a heart attack in the late 1980s and 17 years of follow up data, I evaluate the long-term costs and benefits of r...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.09.003
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite twenty years of work on supplier-induced demand (SID) there has been little discussion or investigation of how inducement affects the health of patients. We develop a conceptual framework for SID which includes the clinical effectiveness of the health services utilized as well as the effectiveness of the agenc...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0167-6296(94)90036-1
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I study a managed health service market where differentiated providers compete for consumers by choosing multiple service qualities, and where copayments that consumers pay and payments that providers receive for services are set by a payer. The optimal regulation scheme is two-sided. On the demand side, it justifies ...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2017.11.002
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Average wages from 2,275 general hospitals in metropolitan areas across the U.S. were used to test for a wage gradient descending from hospitals in the central city through those in urbanized and finally non-urbanized areas of each county-defined metropolitan area. Significant gradients were found in MSAs of all sizes...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0167-6296(89)90005-2
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The measurement unit disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), used in recent years to quantify the burden of diseases, injuries and risk factors on human populations, is grounded on cogent economic and ethical principles and can guide policies toward delivering more cost-effective and equitable health care. DALYs follo...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0167-6296(97)00004-0
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the rapidly aging population, relatively little is known about how cost sharing affects the elderly's medical spending. Exploiting longitudinal claims data and the drastic reduction of coinsurance from 30% to 10% at age 70 in Japan, we find that the elderly's demand responses are heterogeneous in ways that hav...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.10.005
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the consequences of advance medical directives--which explicitly specify a patient's preferences for one or more specific types of medical treatment in the event of a loss of competence--we analyze the medical care of elderly Medicare beneficiaries who died between 1985 and 1995. We compare the care of patie...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2003.08.006
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a prospect in the medium to long term future of substantial advancements in the understanding of the relationship between disease and genetics. We consider the implications of increased information from genetic tests about predisposition to diseases from the perspective of managing health care provision under...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2013.12.003
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In eliciting health state valuations, two widely used methods are the standard gamble (SG) and the time trade off (TTO). Both methods make assumptions about individual preferences that are too restrictive to allow them to act as perfect proxies for utility. Therefore, a choice between them might instead be made on emp...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0167-6296(95)00038-0
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigate whether there was a causal effect of income changes on the health satisfaction of East and West Germans in the years following reunification. Our data source is the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) between 1984 and 2002, and we fit a recently proposed fixed-effects ordinal estimator to our health mea...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2005.01.004
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluating Accountable Care Organizations is difficult because there is a great deal of heterogeneity in terms of their reimbursement incentives and other programmatic features. We examine how variation in reimbursement incentives and administration among two Medicaid managed care plans impacts utilization and spendin...
journal_title：Journal of health economics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.03.001
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
