Abstract：
:Neuroimaging data emphasize that older adults often show greater extent of brain activation than younger adults for similar objective levels of difficulty. A possible interpretation of this finding is that older adults need to recruit neuronal resources at lower loads than younger adults, leaving no resources for higher loads, and thus leading to performance decrements [Compensation-Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis; e.g., Reuter-Lorenz, P. A., & Cappell, K. A. Neurocognitive aging and the compensation hypothesis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 177-182, 2008]. The Compensation-Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis leads to the prediction that activation differences between younger and older adults should disappear when task difficulty is made subjectively comparable. In a Sternberg memory search task, this can be achieved by assessing brain activity as a function of load relative to the individual's memory span, which declines with age. Specifically, we hypothesized a nonlinear relationship between load and both performance and brain activity and predicted that asymptotes in the brain activation function should correlate with performance asymptotes (corresponding to working memory span). The results suggest that age differences in brain activation can be largely attributed to individual variations in working memory span. Interestingly, the brain activation data show a sigmoid relationship with load. Results are discussed in terms of Cowan's [Cowan, N. The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24, 87-114, 2001] model of working memory and theories of impaired inhibitory processes in aging.
journal_name
J Cogn Neuroscijournal_title
Journal of cognitive neuroscienceauthors
Schneider-Garces NJ,Gordon BA,Brumback-Peltz CR,Shin E,Lee Y,Sutton BP,Maclin EL,Gratton G,Fabiani Mdoi
10.1162/jocn.2009.21230subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
655-69issue
4eissn
0898-929Xissn
1530-8898journal_volume
22pub_type
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journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
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journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
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doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00687
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更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
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abstract：:We claim that the animate and inanimate conceptual categories represent evolutionarily adapted domain-specific knowledge systems that are subserved by distinct neural mechanisms, thereby allowing for their selective impairment in conditions of brain damage. On this view, (some of) the category-specific deficits that h...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
