Abstract:
:Currently three different inactivated influenza vaccine types are available: whole virus (WV), split (SPL) and subunit (SU) vaccines. Physicians and patients at risk for influenza complications may wonder whether there are important differences between the vaccine types with respect to antibody induction (serology) and adverse effects (reactogenicity). A literature review (1975 to 1995) was performed to evaluate the serology and reactogenicity of SU vaccines in comparison with either split or whole virus vaccines. 22 publications with randomised allocation were identified describing a total of 5416 serological observations, 2858 observations of local reactions, and 2990 observations of systemic reactions. Subjects included those from all age groups from children to the elderly. Absolute protection and reaction rate differences (RD) were calculated for the comparisons SU vs SPL or SU vs WV vaccine. These were subjected to a method of meta-analysis, resulting in pooled rate differences and their 95% confidence intervals. With the exception of the comparison SU vs WV vaccine in subjects born after 1957 and unexposed to the reappearing H1N1 subtype after 1977, no evidence was found to suggest relevant differences in seroresponse among the three currently available inactivated influenza vaccine types. Although insufficient data were available in the meta-analysis for vaccines in children for whom specific recommendations concerning these vaccines exist, adverse events after administration of any of the three vaccine types were generally mild and transitory; however, SU vaccines were associated with a lower frequency of local and systemic reactions.
journal_name
Clin Drug Investigjournal_title
Clinical drug investigationauthors
Beyer WE,Palache AM,Osterhaus ADdoi
10.2165/00044011-199815010-00001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-12issue
1eissn
1173-2563issn
1179-1918pii
150101journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:Addressing the needs of migraineurs by actively seeking patient feedback on disease-related disability and treatment satisfaction may lead to improved management and treatment outcomes. Patient feedback can be collected in postmarketing surveillance (PMS) studies. The objective of this PMS study was to evalua...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2165/00044011-200727010-00005
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to confirm randomized clinical trial results showing that a fixed timolol/travoprost combination (TT; DuoTrav) controls intraocular pressure (IOP) better than a fixed timolol/latanoprost combination (TL; Xalacom) in everyday ophthalmic practice, when measured in the morning and >24 h...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/0044011-200828120-00004
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) is the most prevalent oral mucosal disease in humans, estimated to affect between 5% and 50% of the general population. The minor manifestation of the condition is the most common and is characterised by small, shallow, round or oval lesions that are surrounded by a raised erythematous h...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200525090-00001
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Elderly patients are more susceptible to Clostridium difficile infections (CDIs). Despite existing guidelines, there is no specific treatment for CDI in geriatrics. Vancomycin is commonly used in the treatment of CDI. Teicoplanin is an alternative glycopeptide which recently received marketing authorization ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-017-0524-1
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Little is known about the effects of the calcium channel antagonist manidipine when it is added as a third drug in non-controlled hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus receiving dual antihypertensive therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response in terms of blood pressure (...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11587400-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multimodal pain therapy including cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors can result in optimal pain management with decreased opioid use and fewer opioid-related adverse events. Patient reported outcomes (PROs) help identify benefits in reduced opioid use and increased pain control. METHODS:In this randomized, double...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/11317570-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:More than 30% of patients with epilepsy have inadequate control of seizures with drug therapy. The goal of this study is to determine the budget impact (BI) of the introduction of brivaracetam to the portfolio of approved drugs in Spain as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of partial-onset e...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-017-0615-z
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sublingual buprenorphine [Subutex(R)] is used to treat opioid dependence. However, illicit intravenous (IV) injection of buprenorphine is a widespread problem. This survey investigated the IV misuse of buprenorphine among patients receiving drug replacement therapy at the Drug Addiction Centre in Udine, Italy. All pat...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11536020-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:There is little information on the effects of trandolapril on renal function when used in Canadian general practice. We evaluated the use and blood pressure (BP) lowering effectiveness of trandolapril-based therapies in Canadian conditions of actual care and attempted to capture assessments of...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s40261-013-0092-y
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We performed a prospective, randomised, investigator-masked and parallel-group study to compare topical lomefloxacin 0.3% instilled twice daily with topical chloramphenicol instilled five times daily in the treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis. 191 patients (lomefloxacin 96, chloramphenicol 95) were enrolled in...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-199815040-00001
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Ramucirumab is a fully immunoglobulin G (lgG) monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2). Previous clinical trials suggested ramucirumab could improve the survival and increase the risk of adverse effects. Here, we aimed to assess the efficacy and...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1007/s40261-015-0355-x
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Patients with cancer are at high risk of major depressive disorder (MDD), but little is known about their MDD treatment. We investigated the use of antidepressants and other drugs for MDD after cancer diagnosis, and patient characteristics associated with their use. METHODS:Adults with a new c...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-020-00976-6
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Clinicians must choose between an increasing number of medications for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) with different routes of administration, adverse effects, costs and efficacies. We constructed a decision analysis to help inform treatment choices in PAH. METHODS:We c...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11317820-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the cost effectiveness of venlafaxine compared with generic fluoxetine and generic amitriptyline used in major depressive disorder in primary care in the UK. METHODS:A decision-tree model for the treatment of major depressive disorder was constructed using a Delphi panel. The tree was populated w...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200929030-00004
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Tendon rupture can result from fluoroquinolone exposure. The objective of this study was to quantify relative and absolute risk and determine how risk is affected by timing of exposure. METHODS:The UK Health Improvement Network primary care database was used to perform a nested case-control st...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-018-0729-y
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:More and more evidence suggests that the density of calcification plays an important role in the plaque stability. However, few studies have investigated the statin treatment on the density of plaque calcification in patients with both coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS:On...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-016-0445-4
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This narrative review summarises the benefits, risks and appropriate use of acid-suppressing drugs (ASDs), proton pump inhibitors and histamine-2 receptor antagonists, advocating a rationale balanced and individualised approach aimed to minimise any serious adverse consequences. It focuses on current controversies on ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40261-017-0519-y
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To characterise the pharmacokinetics of indinavir during different phases of the menstrual cycle in HIV-infected women. DESIGN:Open-label study. SETTING:The immunodeficiency clinic at Erie County Medical Center, Buffalo, New York. PATIENTS:Ten HIV-infected women were enrolled in the study. Eligibility crit...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200222020-00007
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablet of olmesartan medoxomil 20 mg and amlodipine 5 mg (CS-8663) in healthy Chinese subjects. METHODS:This single-centre, open-label study was conducted in five healthy males and five females aged 18-45 yea...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-012-0026-0
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Recently the PatenT (Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Turkey) study showed that while the prevalence of hypertension in Turkey is high, effective control of BP is infrequently achieved. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of quinapril (as monotherapy o...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00044011-200727090-00003
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Tegoprazan is one of the potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs). It exhibits its anti-secretory effects by competitively and reversibly blocking the availability of K+ of the H+, K+-ATPase. This study was designed to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetics of tegoprazan in healthy Ch...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-020-00986-4
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Schizophrenia treatment has been shifting to resocialization by efficacious antipsychotic drugs. However, even some of the pivotal studies of approved new antipsychotic drugs with proven efficacy had failed due to high placebo response. The aim of this study was to identify the potential factor...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s40261-018-0661-1
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dutasteride is a dual inhibitor of type I and type II 5α-reductases and provides nearly complete suppression of dihydrotestosterone, which plays a key role in the aetiology and development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Most knowledge about the efficacy and safety of dutasteride in BPH derives from t...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/11593750-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A liquid formulation of sodium oxybate (Alcover(®)), the sodium salt of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), is approved in Italy and Austria for use in alcohol withdrawal syndrome and for the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol dependence. This article reviews the efficacy and tolerability of sodium oxybate in alcohol withd...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40261-013-0158-x
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Central nervous effects of oral anticholinergics may limit the success of incontinence therapy and patient compliance. Only a few studies investigating this topic are available. This study was conducted to determine whether oral anticholinergics alter sleep and psychometric test parameters. DESIGN:Randomised...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00044011-200323060-00003
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a leading cause of morbidity in the female population, with high levels of prevalence and recurrence within 6 months. OBJECTIVES:Our objective was to estimate annual costs and health resource utilization by women with UTIs, and the impact on quality of life (QoL) due to lowe...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40261-013-0069-x
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article discusses current practice in the treatment of conjunctivitis and how the use of topical moxifloxacin can increase therapeutic effectiveness, reduce treatment failures and, consequently, be cost effective and reduce the societal burden of the disorder. Current practice and effectiveness data were derived ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11589020-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:NSAIDs are widely used for patients presenting with low back pain. A quick-release formulation of lornoxicam, a potent NSAID from the chemical class of oxicams, offers a faster onset of pain relief compared with the standard tablet formulation. METHODS:Time to onset of pain relief with lornoxicam was compar...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00044011-200626050-00004
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Weight gain during insulin therapy can be a challenging problem in already overweight type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, affecting treatment compliance and long-term prognosis. The analogue insulin detemir has been reported to have a weight-sparing effect compared with other basal insulins. This pooled analys...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00044011-200727040-00007
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Bilastine is a novel second-generation antihistamine for the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and tolerability of bilastine following single and multiple oral doses in healthy Japanese ...
journal_title:Clinical drug investigation
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s40261-016-0447-2
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00