Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Nucleoside transporter proteins (NTs) encoded by members of the SLC28 and SLC29 gene families contribute to nucleoside and nucleobase recycling but also modulate extracellular adenosine levels and thus adenosine-regulated metabolic targets. METHODS:We have examined the expression pattern of NT-encoding genes in human adipose tissue and we have further analysed whether the mRNA related to these genes show changes in their amounts associated with either HIV-1 infection, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) or development of HIV-1-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS). RESULTS:Human adipocytes express SLC28A1, SLC28A2 and SLC28A3 (encoding hCNT1, hCNT2 and hCNT3, respectively) and SLC29A1 and SLC29A2 (encoding hENT1 and hENT2, respectively). HIV-1 infection, prior to HAART and HALS development, is associated with the upregulation of the mRNA levels of the genes encoding hCNT1, hCNT3 and hENT2. The increase in the mRNA amounts for the former two genes may be due to the action of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a cytokine with enhanced expression in adipose tissue following HIV-1 infection, as the effect is also observed in human adipocytes in culture after treatment with TNF-alpha. HAART and HALS development are associated with the upregulation of the mRNA levels encoding hCNT2 and hENT1, and further enhancement of hCNT1, hCNT3 and hENT2 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS:These data suggest that selected genes of the SLC28 and SLC29 families are not only targets of HIV-1 infection, but might also contribute to the development of adipose tissue alterations leading to lipodystrophy.
journal_name
Antivir Therjournal_title
Antiviral therapyauthors
Guallar JP,Cano-Soldado P,Aymerich I,Domingo JC,Alegre M,Domingo P,Villarroya F,Javier Casado F,Giralt M,Pastor-Anglada Msubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
853-63issue
6eissn
1359-6535issn
2040-2058journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:We examined the prevalence of ritonavir-boosted darunavir (DRV) resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in HIV-infected children in the UK to determine the drug's potential clinical utility as a first-line or second-line protease inhibitor (PI). METHODS:The prevalence of DRV RAMs, identified from IAS 2010 an...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2015
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study investigated survival in people living with HIV being followed-up from 5 and 10 years after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in a multi-country Asian cohort. METHODS:We included patients in follow-up >5 years after ART initiation. Factors associated with mortality beyond 5 and 10 years on ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP3358
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate whether low darunavir (DRV) minimum plasma concentration (Cmin) values contribute to virological outcomes during DRV/ritonavir monotherapy (mtDRV/rtv). METHODS:This was a prospective observational single-arm 96-week efficacy study in virologically suppressed subjects on triple t...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2722
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy contributes to pharmacokinetic variability and is the major determinant of virological failure. However, measuring treatment adherence is difficult, especially in children. We investigated the relationship between plasma lopinavir concentrations, pretreatment characte...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2749
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many potential reasons for increased liver-related mortality in HIV-hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection compared with either infection alone. HIV infects multiple cells in the liver and might potentially alter the life cycle of HBV, although evidence to date is limited. Unique mutations in HBV have been defi...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the impact of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) combination therapy on muscle and liver lactate metabolism in HIV-infected patients. METHODS:This cross-sectional study involved HIV-infected patients who were either antiretroviral-naive (Group 1) or were receiving either a s...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Current stopping rules during pegylated interferon (peg-IFN)/ribavirin (RBV) treatment rely on week 12 HCV RNA response, but earlier identification of non-responders offers clinical and economic advantages. AIMS AND METHODS:To evaluate, among 129 HCV-genotype-1-infected, treatment-naive patients receiving p...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here, we describe a case of an HIV-infected patient with right lower limb oedema that appeared after initiation of tenofovir and emtricitabine treatment. The patient was fully investigated by serial heart and vessel echo-Doppler examination. Oedema of the lower limb was attributed to a transient drug-induced fivefold ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1302
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Scavenger receptor class B type-1 (SR-B1) is one of the many receptors used by HCV to infect hepatocytes. It is used by the virus not only to directly infect cells but also to facilitate cell-to-cell transmission of the virus. Agents such as anti-human SR-B1 (anti-hSR-B1) antibodies represent potential thera...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2570
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It remains unclear whether depression in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) during pegylated interferon-based therapy is associated with the virus, drug or ethnic background. We aimed to perform a prospective study to evaluate the clinical course of depression and its predictors in conse...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2441
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection therapy is unclear. This systematic analysis aimed to clarify the evidence on the efficacy of interferon (IFN)-α-based therapy in HDV. METHODS:We performed a systematic search on electronic databases including MEDLINE (1970 to January 2011), Web of Science, The Cochrane...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3851/IMP2306
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phanuphak et al. compared three strategies for first-line antiretroviral therapy in 150 Thai patients: initiating therapy with zidovudine (AZT), tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), or a 24-week lead-in phase with stavudine (d4T) followed by a switch to AZT. Those taking d4T had higher haemoglobin levels and CD4(+) T-...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2498
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies of the effects of antiretroviral drugs on lipid metabolism are limited by the availability of suitable models. We have thus developed an animal model utilising Göttingen mini-pigs. The normal lipid metabolism of mini-pigs closely reflects that of humans and they are expected to have similar reactions...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1509
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oseltamivir phosphate is an FDA-approved treatment for influenza that has been available for prescription use in the USA since 1999. The present report describes findings from a post-marketing safety study of skin reactions associated with oseltamivir use. All patients in the claims-derived Ingenix Research Database w...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:IL28B genotype predicts response to treatment against HCV with pegylated interferon/ribavirin (PR) and impacts on the outcome of therapy including telaprevir (TVR). This study aimed to determine the influence of the favourable IL28B genotype on early viral kinetics during therapy with TVR/PR in HIV-HCV-coinf...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.3851/IMP2921
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Drug-resistant HBV mutants frequently arise during nucleoside/nucleotide analogue (NA) therapy, while the resistance mutations on polymerase also have consequent changes in the S protein. The enrichment of immune-escape mutations was negatively correlated with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance un...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP3156
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1998 it seems reasonable and widely accepted that all human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients willing to be treated may benefit from receiving antiretroviral therapy. Only those with undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA, normal CD4 lymphocyte counts and lack of markers of immunological system activat...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs regulate gene expression by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The importance of microRNAs has been shown for several liver diseases, for example, viral hepatitis. MicroRNA-122 is highly abundant in the liver and is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Mi...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3851/IMP2766
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antiretroviral treatment with three nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) is widely used, but the combination of abacavir, didanosine and stavudine has never been investigated. We describe the surprising and consistent genotypic and phenotypic outcome in patients failing this combination. As part of a Da...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In vitro studies have reported controversial effects of protease inhibitors (PIs) on mitochondrially driven apoptosis. Additionally, since PIs in the clinical setting are almost always given in combination with nucleoside analogues, which may have negative effects on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the impact of ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing efavirenz (EFV) dose from 600 mg to 800 mg daily has been suggested with concomitant rifampicin (RFN), as induction of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes may reduce EFV plasma concentrations. METHODS:Individuals from the CIPRA-South Africa cohort taking EFV-based antiretroviral therapy with concomitant t...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1780
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate whether fuzzy operators can be usefully applied to the interpretation of genotypic HIV-1 drug resistance by experts, and to improve the prediction of salvage therapy outcome by adapting interpretation rules of genotypic resistance on the basis of their association with virological response data. ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Longitudinal assessment of liver fibrosis with transient elastometry (TE) in patients with chronic viral hepatitis is becoming routine clinical practice in many clinics, as this procedure is non-invasive, easy to perform and relatively inexpensive, allowing early detection of cirrhosis. Herein, we examine th...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1630
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although zidovudine (ZDV) is effective in HIV-1-infected patients, the duration of its efficacy may be short when treatment is started in advanced HIV disease. This pilot prospective case-control study was designed to evaluate the combination of ZDV plus didanosine [ddI] compared with ZDV monotherapy as an initial the...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 14 year old common variable immunodeficiency patient developed severe protein-losing enteropathy. A chronic enteral infection with human parechovirus type 1 and norovirus was diagnosed. Treatment strategies aimed at virus eradication and providing supportive care were ineffective. The antipicornavirus agent pleconar...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1792
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:P-glycoprotein (P-gp) limits bioavailability and accumulation of HIV protease inhibitors (PIs). PIs are ligands for the pregnane-X-receptor (PXR), which regulates P-gp expression. This occurs when ligands activate the receptor, initiating binding to response elements in the MDR1 promoter. PXR also activates cytochrome...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection with influenza viruses, including seasonal, avian and pandemic viruses, remains a worldwide public health problem. Although influenza virus infection is both vaccine preventable and drug treatable, high rates of mutation and reassortment of viruses can result in reduced effectiveness of vaccines or drugs. Cu...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3851/IMP2067
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nucleoside (or nucleotide) reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) cause side effects in some patients, prompting the use of either partly or fully NRTI-sparing regimens. METHODS:We used data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study to estimate the effectiveness of two new dolutegravir dual regimens relative to the...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP3310
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-associated mutations (NAMs) can affect response to treatment with NRTIs and might also result in HIV-1 with reduced replication capacity. METHODS:A large commercial HIV-1 database (n=60,487) was analysed for the prevalence of NAMs, antiviral drug susceptibil...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Two distinct inhibitors of the HCV protease have been approved for the treatment of patients infected with HCV genotype-1. These drugs are highly efficient in suppressing HCV replication; however, their use is limited by the emergence of viral mutants resistant to them after a very short time of treatment. B...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2326
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
