Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Two distinct inhibitors of the HCV protease have been approved for the treatment of patients infected with HCV genotype-1. These drugs are highly efficient in suppressing HCV replication; however, their use is limited by the emergence of viral mutants resistant to them after a very short time of treatment. By analysing blood samples, it was shown that viral strains resistant to protease inhibitors (PIs) may exist prior to treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of viral variants resistant to PIs in isolates from liver and blood of HCV patients naive to any antiviral therapy. METHODS:Liver and blood HCV genotype-1b isolates from 10 patients with chronic hepatitis were analysed by cloning and sequencing procedures. RESULTS:The analyses of 10–15 clones from liver isolates of each patient showed that 7/10 cases had single or multiple mutations potentially conferring resistance to PIs. However, the analysis of the corresponding blood samples excluded the presence of these mutations in all cases but one, which had the Q80R mutation in all clones from both liver and plasma samples. No PI-resistant variants were detected in isolates from either liver or plasma samples of three patients. CONCLUSIONS:Naturally occurring HCV variants resistant to PIs are commonly present at the intrahepatic level and this clearly explains their usual, very early emergence under treatment; however, the identification of these variants as circulating viral populations is not unusual in untreated patients.
journal_name
Antivir Therjournal_title
Antiviral therapyauthors
Maimone S,Musolino C,Squadrito G,Raffa G,Pollicino T,Raimondo Gdoi
10.3851/IMP2326subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
131-4issue
1eissn
1359-6535issn
2040-2058journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:In China, the optimal management of individuals living with chronic HBV infection remains an unmet need. The EVOLVE was a 5-year prospective, longitudinal, observational study that compared the clinical outcomes in treatment-naïve CHB patients receiving entecavir (ETV) or lamivudine (LAM)-based therapies. M...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP3372
更新日期：2020-10-22 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Ageing HIV-infected patients present an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction being an early alteration. Some protease inhibitors (PIs) have been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. We evaluated here the effects of CCR5 or integrase inhibitors as compared t...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP3160
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Serum HBV DNA level is crucial in the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB); however, the assay is expensive and cannot be used widely. Therefore, we explored the possibility of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) quantification as a surrogate marker for HBV DNA level in CHB patients. METHODS:A total of 2...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.3851/IMP1696
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to compare indinavir peak plasma (Cmax) values after administration of indinavir/ritonavir 800/100 mg on an empty stomach or with food. High indinavir Cmax values have been associated with indinavir-related nephrotoxicity. METHODS:This was an open-label, randomized, two-treat...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current prevalence of cognitive impairment in HIV-infected individuals is surprisingly high, even in those with undetectable plasma HIV RNA. The aetiology is unknown but one possibility is inadequate control of persistent central nervous system (CNS) HIV infection. The CNS Penetration Effectiveness (CPE) rank has ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2951
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection with influenza viruses, including seasonal, avian and pandemic viruses, remains a worldwide public health problem. Although influenza virus infection is both vaccine preventable and drug treatable, high rates of mutation and reassortment of viruses can result in reduced effectiveness of vaccines or drugs. Cu...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3851/IMP2067
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Amdoxovir (2,6-diaminopurine dioxolane; DAPD) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) with activity against wild-type and NRTI-resistant viruses. METHODS:ACTG A5118 assessed the antiretroviral activity and safety of DAPD (300 mg orally, twice daily) v...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compounds that can block the CXCR4 chemokine receptor are a promising new class of antiretroviral agents. In these experiments we studied the effect of a modified form of the native stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), Met-SDF-1beta. The in vitro susceptibility of two different CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 strains was determi...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the recent approval of several drugs for the management of chronic hepatitis B, the proper diagnosis and classification of this disease is necessary to determine if therapy is needed and what the best treatment options are. The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B relies on serological testing, and disease stage is f...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-associated mutations (NAMs) can affect response to treatment with NRTIs and might also result in HIV-1 with reduced replication capacity. METHODS:A large commercial HIV-1 database (n=60,487) was analysed for the prevalence of NAMs, antiviral drug susceptibil...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The combination of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) is the standard of care for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment in HIV-coinfected individuals. In 2007, abacavir (ABC)-based antiretroviral therapy was, for the first time, reported to be associated with early virological failure during HCV...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:All illnesses and, by association, all provision of health care in any setting have a cost, whether it is the direct cost to the consumer, to the provider (for example, a national health service) or the indirect cost to an employer or to society in lost production. Disease also has hidden or intangible costs of pain, ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zalcitabine (ddC) is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor with demonstrated clinical benefit in combination use. More widespread use of zalcitabine has been limited by a number of factors including peripheral neuropathy and three times daily dosing. However, screening for the risk factors for peripher...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:HDV infection is a cause of severe liver disease. Diagnosis and monitoring of HDV RNA are important to patient management. Since 2012, a WHO standard for HDV RNA quantification has been available; however, the impact of RNA extraction methods on HDV viral load quantification has never been evaluated. METHOD...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP3281
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic infection with HBV or HCV can lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The major risk factors for HBV-related HCC are persistent presence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and/or high serum HBV DNA levels, and cirrhosis. The major risk factor for HCV-related HCC is cirrhosis. One randomized do...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3851/IMP1895
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Strong hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific T-cell responses are associated with spontaneous clearance of acute hepatitis C. However, recent studies described a decline in HCV-specific CD8+ T-cells during interferon treatment, suggesting that the success of acute HCV therapy might be independent of adaptive immu...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) form a subfamily within the ATP binding cassette transporters that confer resistance to a variety of structurally unrelated compounds. MRP4 has been reported to transport antiretroviral drugs out of cells in an active process. Although the main therapeutic effects of ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1468
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite successful suppression of HIV-1 with HAART, some patients do not have robust immunological recovery. Chronic inflammation from persistent immune activation could contribute to this poor response, resulting in HIV-1 disease progression and the development of some non-HIV-1 comorbidities. METHODS:We c...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2350
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Limited data suggest that glycated haemoglobin (haemoglobin A1c; A1C) values might not reflect glycaemic control accurately in HIV-infected individuals with diabetes. METHODS:We evaluated repeated measures of paired fasting glucose and A1C values in 315 HIV-infected and 109 HIV-uninfected diabetic participa...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1557
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to examine smoking motivation and motivation to quit, and determinants of these motivations among HIV-infected cigarette smokers. METHODS:We conducted a 1-day cross-sectional survey on cigarette smoking in a representative sample of HIV-infected outpatients of French hospitals. A c...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1292
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic hepatitis C affects approximately 170 million people worldwide and is one of the leading causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Until 2011, the only therapeutic option was combination therapy of pegylated interferon and ribavirin, with efficacy rates around 50% and plenty of side effects. In the past...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3851/IMP2425
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate whether low darunavir (DRV) minimum plasma concentration (Cmin) values contribute to virological outcomes during DRV/ritonavir monotherapy (mtDRV/rtv). METHODS:This was a prospective observational single-arm 96-week efficacy study in virologically suppressed subjects on triple t...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP2722
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors (NAIs), including oseltamivir and zanamivir, play an important therapeutic role against influenza infections in immunocompromised patients. In such settings, however, NAI therapy may lead to the emergence of resistance involving mutations within the influenza surface genes. The ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP3344
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1998 it seems reasonable and widely accepted that all human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients willing to be treated may benefit from receiving antiretroviral therapy. Only those with undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA, normal CD4 lymphocyte counts and lack of markers of immunological system activat...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here, we describe a case of an HIV-infected patient with right lower limb oedema that appeared after initiation of tenofovir and emtricitabine treatment. The patient was fully investigated by serial heart and vessel echo-Doppler examination. Oedema of the lower limb was attributed to a transient drug-induced fivefold ...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP1302
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Researchers must often rely on creatinine measurements to assess kidney function because direct glomerular filtration rates (GFR) and cystatin-c are rarely measured in routine clinical settings. However, HIV treatments often include dolutegravir, raltegravir, rilpivirine or cobicistat, which inhibit the prox...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3851/IMP3373
更新日期：2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:HBV antiviral therapy has the potential to reduce the burden of HBV-related liver disease by suppressing HBV DNA replication to undetectable levels, reducing the progression of liver fibrosis and reducing the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Treatment outcomes and long-term benefits requir...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.3851/IMP3219
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oseltamivir phosphate is an FDA-approved treatment for influenza that has been available for prescription use in the USA since 1999. The present report describes findings from a post-marketing safety study of skin reactions associated with oseltamivir use. All patients in the claims-derived Ingenix Research Database w...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A wide range of viruses affect the respiratory tract of transplant recipients, including adenovirus, influenza, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus. Prospective studies using contemporary diagnostic techniques have recently improved our understanding of the epid...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intravenous ribavirin was provided non-selectively for investigational open-label use among persons with suspected hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the United States between 4 June 1993 and 1 September 1994. Therapy was initiated prior to laboratory confirmation of hantavirus infection because most deaths from H...
journal_title：Antiviral therapy
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
