Abstract:
:Experiments are described which elucidate some of the technical problems associated with the direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified DNA. Sequencing primer purity, labeling methodology, and template preparation were explored. Conditions are presented for the routine sequencing of single- and double-stranded PCR products.
journal_name
Environ Mol Mutagenjournal_title
Environmental and molecular mutagenesisauthors
Zimmerman LJ,Fuscoe JCdoi
10.1002/em.2850180413subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-01 00:00:00pages
274-6issue
4eissn
0893-6692issn
1098-2280journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In the present work we analyse some properties of the pso4-1 (= xs9) mutant of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is blocked in both reverse mutation and recombination. We have applied the "apparent survival test" as a method to characterize putative inducible error-prone repair activities related to the PSO4 g...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850180204
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maintenance of the mitochondrial genome is essential for proper cellular function. For this purpose, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) needs to be faithfully replicated, transcribed, translated, and repaired in the face of constant onslaught from endogenous and environmental agents. Although only 13 polypeptides are encoded w...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.22319
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased telomerase expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and, since the primary cause of lung cancer is smoking, an association between telomerase reactivation and tobacco smoke has been proposed. In this work an investigation has been performed to assess the relationship between tobacco ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22127
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Pig-a assay is an emerging and promising in vivo method to determine mutagenic potential of chemicals. Since its development in 2008, remarkable progress has been made in harmonizing and characterizing the test procedures, primarily using known mutagenic chemicals. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22232
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Taiwanese women. Cigarette smoking cannot explain the high lung cancer mortality in this population because less than 10% of women in Taiwan are smokers. Therefore, environmental factors other than smoking may play an important role in lung cancer development in ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.1037
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genome is programmed by the epigenome. Two of the fundamental components of the epigenome are chromatin structure and covalent modification of the DNA molecule itself by methylation. DNA methylation patterns are sculpted during development and it has been a long held belief that they remain stable after birth in s...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.20357
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper summarizes recent developments in the continuing evolution of Human Relevance Frameworks to systematically consider the weight of evidence of hypothesized modes of action in animals and their potential human relevance for both cancer and non-cancer effects. These frameworks have been developed in initiative...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.20369
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study of meiotic and postmeiotic germ-cell-stage sensitivity of male mice to induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) by acrylamide showed that DNA repair could be detected in early spermatocytes (after the last scheduled DNA synthesis) through about mid-spermatid stages. No DNA repair could be detected in later...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850160302
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transgenic rodents are valuable models for investigating the genotoxicity of chemicals in vivo. Here, we report the establishment of a novel transgenic rat for genotoxicity analysis. In this model, about 10 copies of lambdaEG10 DNA carrying the gpt gene of E. coli and the red/gam genes of lambda phage are integrated p...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.10152
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modulating effects of tannic acid (TA) on somatic mutation and mitotic recombination induced by methylmethanesulfonate (MMS), nitrogen mustard (HN2), and mitomycin C (MMC) were evaluated in the standard (ST) cross of the wing spot test in Drosophila melanogaster using co- and posttreatment protocols. It was shown ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-2280(2000)36:3<195::aid-em2>3.0.co;2-
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron oxide nanoparticles (ION) are gaining importance as diagnostic and therapeutic tool of central nervous system diseases. Although oleic acid-coated ION (O-ION) have been described as stable and biocompatible, their potential neurotoxicity was scarcely evaluated in human nervous cells so far. The primary aim of thi...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22323
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To what extent noncovalent chemical-DNA interactions, in particular weak nonbonded DNA intercalation, contribute to genotoxic responses in mammalian cells has not been fully elucidated. Moreover, with the exception of predominantly flat, multiple-fused-ring structures, our ability to predict intercalation ability of n...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20036
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Griseofulvin is an orally administered antifungal drug that affects microtubule formation in vitro and interferes with microtubule dynamics in vivo as clearly shown for mitotic cells in several cell systems. This article reports the effects of griseofulvin on in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and subsequent effec...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21717
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interactions between bleomycin (BLM) and conventional or unconventional intercalating agents were analyzed in an assay for mitotic gene conversion at the trp5 locus and reversion of the ilv1-92 allele in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain D7. BLM is a potent recombinagen and mutagen in the assay. Various chemicals modula...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20592
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in a diversity of products including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, and inks, despite uncertainties surrounding the potential health risks that they pose to humans and the environment. Previous studies on the genotoxicity of TiO2 have reported discrepant ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21864
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid and simple procedure for the micronucleus test (MNT) in vitro using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was established in our laboratory. The assay is intended to quickly screen chromosomal aberrations in vitro within the framework of industrial genotoxicity studies. To test the sensitivity of the assay in the ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850260309
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular analysis of proaerolysin selected glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor (GPI-a) deficient isolates in the TK6 cell line was performed. Initial studies found that the expected X-linked PIGA mutations were rare among the spontaneous isolates but did increase modestly after ethyl methane sulfate (EMS) treatment (...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21953
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzene is an important industrial chemical and widespread environmental pollutant known to induce leukemia and other blood disorders. To be carcinogenic, benzene must be metabolized to produce toxic metabolites. To investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the metabolic enzyme genes are associated...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21786
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accessibility of reactive metabolites to test cells is critical for a genotoxic response. However, sulfo-conjugates formed outside may not readily enter cells, and some metabolites formed by cytochromes P450 (CYPs) may not endure transport. This topic was addressed in the present study, using V79 cells engineered ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22309
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amoxicillin (AMO), a drug used in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible bacteria, has been evaluated for its ability to induce genotoxicity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The potential genotoxic effects of AMO were investigated in vitro by the sister chromatid exchange (SCE), chromosomal aberration...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20531
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is provided that antitopoisomerase drugs induce chromosomal aberrations via the formation of DNA double strand breaks. Camptothecin, an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I, produced only chromatid-type aberrations, and in order to be effective it has to be present during the DNA replication. The fact that it ind...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.2850220416
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several types of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) have been used for toxicology studies, including a high-organic automobile DEP (A-DEP) from Japan, and a low-organic forklift DEP developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (N-DEP). However, these DEPs were not characterized extensively for chemical...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21812
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate whether blood-based genotoxicity endpoints can provide temporal and dose-response data within the low-dose carcinogenic range that could contribute to carcinogenic mode of action (MoA) assessments, we evaluated the sensitivity of flow cytometry-based micronucleus and Pig-a gene mutation assays at and below...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21846
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorinated drinking water contains several chlorohydroxyfuranone (CHF) by-products whose contribution to cancer risk is not presently known. 3,4-Dichloro-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MCA), 3-chloro-4-(chloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (CMCF), and 3- chloro-4-methyl-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MCF) were studied for th...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.10025
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of 6-thioguanine resistant (TGr) mutants induced in human G0 phase T-lymphocytes by 200 cGy of gamma irradiation is greatly enhanced by incubation with cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) after irradiation. The mutant frequency increased with increasing incubation time in ara-C for up to 2 hr. This mutation ind...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850170403
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial dysfunction is a global term used in the context of "unhealthy" mitochondria. In practical terms, mitochondria are extremely complex and highly adaptive in structure, chemical and enzymatic composition, subcellular distribution and functional interaction with other components of cells. Consequently, alte...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.20553
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two freshwater species of planarians, Girardia schubarti Marcus and G. tigrina Girard, were used for measuring chromosome aberration (CA) induction under laboratory conditions. Three genotoxicants were tested: methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), a direct-acting genotoxicant; cyclophosphamide, a metabolism-dependent genotox...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20307
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic is a world health problem due to the seriousness of its effects, mainly related with the increase of cancer. In Chile, the geological characteristics of the northern region, associated with the development of the copper mining and smelting activities, have contributed to increase the environmental levels of ar...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20374
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), a carcinogen in rodents, is metabolically activated by microsomal cytochrome P450 to form an alpha-hydroxylated derivative, which induces mutations. The mutations have been demonstrated by use of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. We discovered directly acting mu...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are commonly found in cruciferous vegetables. A variety of biological activities have been ascribed to ITCs, such as inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes and induction of phase II enzymes in animal models. ITCs are also able to block cell-cycle progression and induce apoptosis in human cancer c...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20156
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00