Alpha-2 adrenoceptor subtypes: are more better?

abstract：:In the mammalian CNS, glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter. Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are responsible for the glutamate-mediated postsynaptic excitation of neurons. Regulation of glutamatergic synapses is critical for higher brain functions including neural communication, memory formation, ...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Hayashi T

更新日期：2020-03-11 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The use of pharmacological inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis to treat patients with septic shock is limited by the observation that they cause a fall in cardiac output in some subjects. The aim of this work was to investigate this fall and to test whether it was reversible by subsequent administration of ni...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Herity NA,Allen JD,Silke B,Adgey AA

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1 The influence of the epithelium on contractions produced by the peptidoleukotrienes, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and the thromboxane mimetic, U-44069, was examined in trachea from control and ovalbumin-sensitized guinea-pigs. 2 In control tissues removal of the epithelium produced an approximately 2 to 4 fold leftwar...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Hay DW,Farmer SG,Raeburn D,Muccitelli RM,Wilson KA,Fedan JS

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of the British Journal of Pharmacology, Ryberg et al. present convincing in vitro evidence that the orphan GPCR, GPR55, is a cannabinoid receptor. GPR55 was activated by a range of plant, synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids and blocked by the non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid, cannabidiol. Their experi...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Pertwee RG

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. We previously reported that substance P and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) synergistically stimulate corneal epithelial wound healing in vitro and in vivo. We wished to identify which portion of the amino acid sequence of substance P might be responsible for this synergism. 2. Corneal epithelial migration was...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Nakamura M,Chikama T,Nishida T

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1 Hypothalamic blood flow (HBF) was measured in conscious rabbits by the 133xenon washout technique. 2 Substance P in a dose of 50 or 500 ng increases HBF while 5 ng is without effect. 3 Cholinoceptor blockade, with either atropine or mecamylamine abolishes the vasodilator effect of substance P. 4 Chemical sympathecto...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Klugman KP,Lembeck F,Markowitz S,Mitchell G,Rosendorff C

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The effects of the muscarinic agonist carbachol on phosphoinositide metabolism and its relationship to alteration of intracellular calcium were examined in SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells. Muscarinic receptors on these cells are coupled to phospholipase C and the myo [2-3H]-inositol phosphates resulting from rece...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Baird JG,Lambert DG,McBain J,Nahorski SR

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Modulation by nitric oxide (NO) of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) current (IK(ATP)) was investigated in single ventricular cells dissociated from guinea-pig hearts. IK(ATP) was induced by 5-amino-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-N'-cyano-3-pyridinecarboxamidine+ ++ (KRN4884) and cromakalim. 2. In the whole-cell pat...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Shinbo A,Iijima T

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Orexin-containing neurons have been implicated in feeding, sleep-wake cycles and more recently in drug-seeking behaviour. 2. Pretreatment of alcohol-preferring (iP) rats with an orexin1 receptor antagonist (SB-334867, 20 mg kg(-1), intraperitoneally) completely abolished an olfactory cue-induced reinstatement of al...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Lawrence AJ,Cowen MS,Yang HJ,Chen F,Oldfield B

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. In the zymosan rat air pouch model of inflammation we have assessed the time dependence of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) accumulation in the inflammatory exudates as well as cell migration, myeloperoxidase activity, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels. 2. A significant increase in PLA2 activity was d...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Payá M,Terencio MC,Ferrándiz ML,Alcaraz MJ

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The measurement of changes in spike generation and membrane resistance in the guinea-pig taenia coli, using the sucrose gap extracellular recording method, has been shown to be a useful way to demonstrate the intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of the beta adrenoceptor blocking agents.2. Pronethalol, INPEA, MJ 1999,...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Davis WG

更新日期：1970-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Muscarinic toxins (MTs) are snake venom peptides named for their ability to interfere with ligand binding to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). Recent data infer that these toxins may have other G-protein-coupled receptor targets than the mAChRs. The purpose of this study was to systema...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Näreoja K,Kukkonen JP,Rondinelli S,Toivola DM,Meriluoto J,Näsman J

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The functional role of the nitric oxide (NO)/guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) pathway in experimental myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion was studied in rat isolated hearts. 2. Rat isolated hearts were perfused at constant pressure with Krebs-Henseleit buffer for 25 min (baseline), then made ischa...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： du Toit EF,McCarthy J,Miyashiro J,Opie LH,Brunner F

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Stimulation of the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 with thapsigargin, an endomembrane Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, induced histamine production in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. 2. The protein kinase C activator, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), also enhanced histamine production. 3. alpha...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Shiraishi M,Hirasawa N,Kobayashi Y,Oikawa S,Murakami A,Ohuchi K

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The mechanisms underlying the postjunctional blockade induced by phenthonium [N-(4-phenyl) phenacyl 1-hyoscyamine] were investigated in mammalian and amphibian muscles. This muscarinic antagonist was previously shown to enhance specifically the spontaneous acetylcholine (ACh) release at concentrations that blocked ...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Souccar C,Lima-Landman MT,Ballejo G,Lapa AJ

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Rho kinase (ROCK) activation is involved in neuroinflammatory processes leading to progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, ROCK plays a major role in angiogenesis. Neuroinflammation and angiogenesis are mechanisms involved in developing l-DOPA-induced d...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Lopez-Lopez A,Labandeira CM,Labandeira-Garcia JL,Muñoz A

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The type of endothelin (ET) receptor located on the myenteric neurones of guinea-pig ileum was determined by receptor autoradiography and function of the receptor was examined by release experiments of acetylcholine (ACh) from the longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus (LM-MP) preparations. 2. Specific [125I]-ET-1 bi...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Yoshimura M,Yamashita Y,Kan S,Niwa M,Taniyama K

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The mechanism of stimulation of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) accumulation by adrenaline and ouabain and the effect of Mn(++) substitution for Mg(++) as the metal ion requirement of this system was studied in cell-free preparations of adenyl cyclase from rat brain.2. In the rat cerebral cortex p...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Katz S,Tenenhouse A

更新日期：1973-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In small arteries, small conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (SK(Ca)) and intermediate conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (IK(Ca)) restricted to the vascular endothelium generate hyperpolarization that underpins the NO- and PGI₂-independent, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor respo...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Yarova PL,Smirnov SV,Dora KA,Garland CJ

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Plasma, peripheral and thoracic lymph concentrations of penicillin V, phenethicillin, carbenicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin, penicillin G, chloramphenicol and sulphadiazine were determined at various time intervals up to 6 h following intramuscular administration of 50 mg/kg to dogs.2. Peak plasma concentrations o...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Acred P,Brown DM,Clark BF,Mizen L

更新日期：1970-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Milacemide is a glycine prodrug which is both an inhibitor and a substrate for monoamine oxidase-type B (MAO-B) and also an inhibitor of MAO-type A (MAO-A). Its effects on dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) metabolism in rat frontal cortex tissue and dialysate were evaluated. 2. Dialysate dopamine concentratio...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Semba J,Doheny M,Patsalos PN,Sarna G,Curzon G

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Caffeine is one of the most commonly used psychoactive substances. Circadian rhythms consist of the main suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) clocks and peripheral clocks. Although caffeine lengthens circadian rhythms and modifies phase changes in SCN-operated rhythms, the effects on caffeine on the pha...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Narishige S,Kuwahara M,Shinozaki A,Okada S,Ikeda Y,Kamagata M,Tahara Y,Shibata S

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The renal sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) plays an important role in the reuptake of filtered glucose in the proximal tubule and therefore may be an attractive target for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This study characterizes the pharmacological profile of TS-071 ((1S)-1,5-anhydro-1-...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Yamamoto K,Uchida S,Kitano K,Fukuhara N,Okumura-Kitajima L,Gunji E,Kozakai A,Tomoike H,Kojima N,Asami J,Toyoda H,Arai M,Takahashi T,Takahashi K

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The effects of the selective alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, medetomidine, were assessed on plasma levels of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (IR-ANP), haemodynamics and on urine water and solute excretion in conscious, chronically cannulated, 7 month-old spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and age-matched Wist...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Ruskoaho H,Leppäluoto J

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Morphine, oxotremorine and physostigmine showed antinociceptive activity in mice using the hot plate reaction time test.2. The action of morphine, but not that of oxotremorine, was antagonized by naloxone and by nalorphine, whereas the effect of physostigmine was unaffected by naloxone and increased by nalorphine.3...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Pleuvry BJ,Tobias MA

更新日期：1971-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A fluorinated derivative (2F-MT-45) of the synthetic μ-opioid receptor agonist MT-45 (1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine) was recently identified in a seized illicit tablet. While MT-45 is a Class A drug, banned in a number of countries, nothing is known about the pharmacology of 2F-MT-...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Baptista-Hon DT,Smith M,Singleton S,Antonides LH,Nic Daeid N,McKenzie C,Hales TG

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The 37 amino acid human calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), was injected intra-arterially into the isolated, blood perfused spleen of the dog. 2. The only vascular response observed to CGRP, once threshold had been reached (10-20 fmol), was a dose-dependent splenic arterial vasodilatation. 3. The mean intra-art...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Withrington PG

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Following our earlier observations that the tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist CP-99,994 is an effective anti-emetic in ferrets, we have examined the anti-emetic effects of a more potent and novel NK1 receptor antagonist, GR203040, against various emetic stimuli in the ferret, dog and house musk shrew (Suncus murin...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Gardner CJ,Twissell DJ,Dale TJ,Gale JD,Jordan CC,Kilpatrick GJ,Bountra C,Ward P

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Experiments were designed to investigate the effects of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) stimulator, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), on noradrenaline (NA) responses and on NOS activity and its expression in intact mesenteric resistance arteries (MRAs) from Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR)...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Briones AM,Alonso MJ,Marín J,Balfagón G,Salaices M

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The role of adrenal hormones in the regulation of the systemic and local production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF alpha) was examined in male Balb/c mice. 2. Intraperitoneal injection of 0.3 mg E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0111:B4) led to high levels of circulating TNF alpha without stimulating TNF alpha produ...

journal_title：British journal of pharmacology

authors： Pettipher ER,Labasi JM,Salter ED,Stam EJ,Cheng JB,Griffiths RJ

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00