The Delta>15 Kb deletion French Canadian founder mutation in familial hypercholesterolemia: rapid polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic assay and prevalence in Quebec.

Abstract:

:Approximately one in 500 individuals in Western population has autosomal dominant familial hypercholesterolemia due to mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene. Screening for these mutations is hampered by their large number, except in founder populations. We identified the breakpoint of the >15 kb deletion involving the LDLR gene promoter and exon 1, responsible for more than 60% of French Canadian hypercholesterolemia cases, as well as the breakpoint of the 5 kb deletion of exons 2 and 3 that accounts for an additional 5% of cases. Both deletions appear to be because of homologous recombination by unequal crossing-over between the left arms of Alu repeats. Using RepeatMasker, we determined that 55% of the LDLR gene is composed of Alu elements; thus, it is not surprising that most LDLR rearrangements involve at least one Alu. Furthermore, we developed a rapid polymerase chain reaction-based assay for the French Canadian-1 (>15 kb) and French Canadian-5 (5 kb) hypercholesterolemia alleles. Screening a representative population sample of 943 French Canadian youths whose LDL cholesterol levels were above the 50th percentile allowed us to estimate the prevalence of the >15 kb allele as 0.11% (95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.38).

journal_name

Clin Genet

journal_title

Clinical genetics

authors

Simard LR,Viel J,Lambert M,Paradis G,Levy E,Delvin EE,Mitchell GA

doi

10.1111/j.0009-9163.2004.00223.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2004-03-01 00:00:00

pages

202-8

issue

3

eissn

0009-9163

issn

1399-0004

pii

223

journal_volume

65

pub_type

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