Abstract：
:It is essential, in order to minimise expensive drug failures due to toxicity being found in late development or even in clinical trials, to determine potential toxicity problems as early as possible. In view of the large libraries of compounds now being handled by combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening, identification of putative toxicity is advisable even before synthesis. Thus the use of predictive toxicology is called for. A number of in silico approaches to toxicity prediction are discussed. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), relating mostly to specific chemical classes, have long been used for this purpose, and exist for a wide range of toxicity endpoints. However, QSARs also exist for the prediction of toxicity of very diverse libraries, although often such QSARs are of the classification type; that is, they predict simply whether or not a compound is toxic, and do not give an indication of the level of toxicity. Examples are given of all of these. A number of expert systems are available for toxicity prediction, most of them covering a range of toxicity endpoints. Those discussed include TOPKAT, CASE, DEREK, HazardExpert, OncoLogic and COMPACT. Comparative tests of the ability of these systems to predict carcinogenicity show that improvement is still needed. The consensus approach is recommended, whereby the results from several prediction systems are pooled.
journal_name
J Comput Aided Mol Desjournal_title
Journal of computer-aided molecular designauthors
Dearden JCdoi
10.1023/a:1025361621494subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-02-01 00:00:00pages
119-27issue
2-4eissn
0920-654Xissn
1573-4951journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Literature UV absorption intensities at 260 nm and 25 degrees C in water of a diverse set of 805 organic compounds when analyzed by CODESSA Pro software using an initial pool of 800 + descriptors provide a significant QSPR correlation (R (2) = 0.692). Concurrently, a neural networks approach was used to develop a corr...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-007-9118-y
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Even though it is highly toxic, Amphotericin B (AmB), an amphipathic polyene macrolide antibiotic, is used in the treatment of severe systemic fungal infections as a life-saving drug. To examine the influence of conformational factors on selective toxicity of these compounds, we have investigated the conformational pr...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1008144208706
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for 44 non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) of the pyridinone derivative type. The k nearest neighbor (kNN) variable selection approach was used. This method utilizes multiple descriptors such as molecular connectivi...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-005-4789-8
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) modeling of stability constants for the metal:ligand ratio 1:1 (logK) and 1:2 (logβ2) complexes of 3 transition metal ions with diverse organic ligands in aqueous solution was performed using ensemble multiple linear regression analysis and substructural molecular fr...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-014-9741-3
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding mode prediction is of great importance to structure-based drug design. The discrimination of various binding poses of ligand generated by docking is a great challenge not only to docking score functions but also to the relatively expensive free energy calculation methods. Here we systematically analyzed th...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-016-0005-2
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A structure-binding activity relationship for the intestinal bile acid transporter has been developed using data from a series of bile acid analogs in a comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). The studied compounds consisted of a series of bile acid-peptide conjugates, with modifications at the 24 position of th...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007919704457
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We introduce the QuanSA method for inducing physically meaningful field-based models of ligand binding pockets based on structure-activity data alone. The method is closely related to the QMOD approach, substituting a learned scoring field for a pocket constructed of molecular fragments. The problem of mutual ligand a...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-018-0126-x
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Water molecules in the binding pocket of a protein and their role in ligand binding have increasingly raised interest in recent years. Displacement of such water molecules by ligand atoms can be either favourable or unfavourable for ligand binding depending on the change in free enthalpy. In this study, we investigate...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-012-9620-8
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical libraries contain thousands of compounds that need screening, which increases the need for computational methods that can rank or prioritize compounds. The tools of virtual screening are widely exploited to enhance the cost effectiveness of lead drug discovery programs by ranking chemical compounds databases ...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-016-0003-4
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method is presented for the calculation of the Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) in large systems. Based on the mixed Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) approach, the method assumes both a quantum and classical description for the molecule, and the calculation of the MEP in the space surrounding...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1008111820916
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we describe our approaches to predict the binding mode of twenty BACE1 ligands as part of Grand Challenge 4 (GC4), organized by the Drug Design Data Resource. Calculations for all submissions (except for one, which used AutoDock4.2) were performed using AutoDock-GPU, the new GPU-accelerated version of Au...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-019-00241-9
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estimation of bioavailability and toxicity at the very beginning of the drug development process is one of the big challenges in drug discovery. Most of the processes involved in ADME are driven by rather unspecific interactions between drugs and biological macromolecules. Within the past decade, drug transport pumps ...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1023828527638
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present work we have modeled the Michaelis complex of the cyclic-Adenosine Monophosphate Dependent (cAMD) Protein Kinase A (PKA) with Mg(2)ATP and the heptapeptide substrate Kemptide by classical molecular dynamics. The chosen synthetic substrate is relevant for its high efficiency and small size, and it has no...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-007-9143-x
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several chiral vinylboranes have been theoretically evaluated as enantioselective Diels-Alder dienophiles. Theoretical results suggest that optically pure 2,5-diphenyl-1-vinyl-borolane should be the reagent of choice for performing such transformations efficiently. ...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:jcam.0000035200.30340.41
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modelling studies have been carried out on the phosphodiesterase (PDE) substrates, adenosine- and guanosine-3'5'-cyclic monophosphates, and on a number of non-specific and type III-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitors. These studies have assisted the understanding of PDE substrate differentiation and the design of po...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01676955
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the recent SAMPL5 challenge, participants submitted predictions for cyclohexane/water distribution coefficients for a set of 53 small molecules. Distribution coefficients (log D) replace the hydration free energies that were a central part of the past five SAMPL challenges. A wide variety of computational methods w...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-016-9954-8
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A combined strategy based on the development of pharmacophore hypotheses and NMR approaches is reported for the identification of novel inhibitors of heparanase, a key enzyme involved in tumor metastasis through the remodeling of the subepithelial and subendothelial basement membranes, resulting in the dissemination o...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-009-9269-0
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The project on crystallographic modelling aims at extending the application of interactive graphics to inorganic structures. Starting from the available expertise in organic and protein modelling, the symmetry of the crystal structure is used not only to draw fixed models of many unit cells of the structure, which as ...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01531996
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucokinase (GK) is involved in normal glucose homeostasis and therefore it is a valid target for drug design and discovery efforts. GK activators (GKAs) have excellent potential as treatments of hyperglycemia and diabetes. The combined recent interest in GKAs, together with docking limitations and shortages of dockin...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-014-9740-4
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-canonical base pairs contribute immensely to the structural and functional variability of RNA, which calls for a detailed characterization of their spatial conformation. Intra-base pair parameters, namely propeller, buckle, open-angle, stagger, shear and stretch describe structure of base pairs indicating planarit...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-006-9083-x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A set of algorithms designed to enhance the display of protein binding cavities is presented. These algorithms, collectively entitled CAVITY SEARCH, allow the user to isolate and fully define the extent of a particular cavity. Solid modeling techniques are employed to produce a detailed cast of the active site region,...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00117400
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The CASE (Computer Automated Structure Evaluation) program, with the aid of a geometry index for discriminating cis and trans isomers, has been used to study a set of retinoids tested for teratogenicity in hamsters. CASE identified 8 fragments, the most important representing the non-polar terminus of a retinoid with ...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00125314
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The growing number of protein-ligand complex structures, particularly the structures of proteins co-bound with different ligands, in the Protein Data Bank helps us tackle two major challenges in molecular docking studies: the protein flexibility and the scoring function. Here, we introduced a systematic strategy by us...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-017-0038-1
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Ligand Design (LUDI) approach has been used in order to design leucine aminopeptidase inhibitors, predict their activity and analyze their interactions with the enzyme. The investigation was based on the crystal structure of bovine lens leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) complexed with its inhibitor--the phosphonic acid...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1008189716955
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two new computational tools, PRO_PHARMEX and PRO_SCOPE, for use in active-site-directed searching of 3D databases are described. PRO_PHARMEX is a flexible, graphics-based program facilitating the extraction of pharmacophores from the active site of a target macromolecule. These pharmacophores can then be used to searc...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00124472
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two different types of approaches: (a) approaches that combine quantitative structure activity relationships, quantum mechanical electronic structure methods, and machine-learning and, (b) electronic structure vertical solvation approaches, were used to predict the logP coefficients of 11 molecules as part of the SAMP...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-020-00287-0
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To rigorously assess the tools and protocols that can be used to understand and predict macromolecular recognition, and to gain more structural insight into three newly discovered allosteric binding sites on a critical drug target involved in the treatment of HIV infections, the Olson and Levy labs collaborated on the...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-014-9709-3
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data driven decision making is a key element of today's pharmaceutical research, including early drug discovery. It comprises questions like which target to pursue, which chemical series to pursue, which compound to make next, or which compound to select for advanced profiling and promotion to pre-clinical development...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-015-9871-2
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) 16.3 kDa heat shock protein 16.3 (HSP16.3) is a latency-associated antigen that can be targeted for latent tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic and therapeutic development. We have previously developed human VH domain antibodies (dAbs; clone E3 and F1) specific against HSP16.3. In this work, w...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10822-019-00186-z
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Orientation of ten water molecules bound strongly at the contact surface of the dihydrofolate reductase-methotrexate enzyme-inhibitor complex was determined theoretically. To optimize the orientation of the water molecules, a recent method based on a simple electrostatic model was applied. The electrostatic complement...
journal_title：Journal of computer-aided molecular design
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01532054
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
