Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:To review cases of community-onset Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and to evaluate whether the risk factors and epidemiology of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) bacteremia have changed from early reports. DESIGN:Retrospective case-comparison study of community-onset MRSA (n = 26) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) (n = 26) bacteremias at our institution. SETTING:A 600-bed urban academic medical center. PATIENTS:Twenty-six patients with community-onset MRSA bacteremia were compared with 26 patients with community-onset MSSA bacteremia. Molecular analysis was performed on S. aureus isolates from the 26 MRSA cases as well as from 13 cases of community-onset S. aureus bacteremia from 1980 and 9 cases of nosocomial S. aureus bacteremia from 2001. RESULTS:The two groups were similar except that patients with MRSA bacteremia were more likely to have presented from a long-term-care facility (26.9% vs 4%; P = .05) and to have had multiple admissions within the preceding year (46% vs 15%; P = .03). Clamped homogeneous electric fields analysis of MRSA isolates from 1982 revealed predominantly that one clone was the epidemic strain, whereas there were 14 unique strains among current community-onset isolates. Among current nosocomial isolates, 3 patterns were identified, all of which were present in the community-onset cases. CONCLUSIONS:Previously described risk factors for MRSA acquisition may not be helpful in predicting disease due to the polyclonal spread of MRSA in the community. Unlike early outbreaks of MRSA in patients presenting from the community, current acquisition appears to be polyclonal and is usually related to contact with the healthcare system.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Johnson LB,Bhan A,Pawlak J,Manzor O,Saravolatz LDdoi
10.1086/502227subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-06-01 00:00:00pages
431-5issue
6eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834pii
ICHE5597journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Existing knowledge of emergency department (ED) catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention is limited. We aimed to describe the motivations, perceived risks for CAUTI acquisition, and strategies used to address CAUTI risk among EDs that had existing CAUTI prevention programs. METHODS:In ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2015.267
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Prepared ready-to-eat salads and ready-to-eat delicatessen-style meats present a high risk for Listeria contamination. Because no foodborne illness risk management guidelines exist specifically for US hospitals, a survey of New York City (NYC) hospitals was conducted to characterize policies a...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/658943
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the effectiveness of infection control strategies to reduce transmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), a cohort study was performed in a university hospital. Contact precautions alone were not effective in reducing transmission of VRE. Strict isolation of affected patients in private rooms, i...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/513024
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Patients colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) may contaminate their immediate environment with this organism. However, the extent to which gastrointestinal colonization with MRSA affects environmental contamination is not known. We investigated the frequency of environmental conta...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/520737
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of 1-week ventilator circuit change on ventilator-associated pneumonia and its cost-effectiveness compared with a 2-day change. DESIGN:An observational cohort study. SETTING:A tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit in a university-affiliated teaching hospital in Taiwan. Patien...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2014.48
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine glove use and handwashing practices, the factors associated with infection control practices, and the frequency of potential microbial transmission in a long-term-care facility (LTCF). DESIGN:Observational study of 230 staff-resident interactions in an LTCF. We recorded resident characteristics...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647562
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To describe the investigation and control of a cluster of Serratia marcescens bacteremia in a 505-bed tertiary-care center. METHODS Cluster cases were defined as all patients with S. marcescens bacteremia between March 2 and April 7, 2014, who were found to have identical or related blood isolates determined...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.137
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) is often controversial, and existing guidelines differ in important ways. OBJECTIVE:To determine both the range of practices involved in obtaining blood culture samples and how central line-associated infections are diagnosed and to o...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/667379
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::SHEA and the American Society for Quality's Health Care Division have been collaborating in areas of common concern to improve healthcare quality. We each possess a heritage of different but complementary approaches and stand a better chance of success together than apart. This presentation describes rapid growth of o...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type:
doi:10.1086/501957
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative (GN) bacteria is increasing globally and is complicated by patient movement between acute and long-term care facilities (LTCFs). In Asia, the contribution of LTCFs as a source of MDR GN infections is poorly described. We aimed to define the association bet...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/675823
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To collect data about personal protective equipment (PPE) management and to provide indications for improving PPE policies in Europe. DESIGN:Descriptive, cross-sectional survey. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:Data were collected in 48 isolation facilities in 16 European countries nominated by National Health Auth...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/667729
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A point prevalence survey was conducted on May 11, 2017, among inpatients at 6 hospitals in Saudi Arabia. The overall point prevalence was 6.8% (114 of 1,666). The most common types of infections were pneumonia (27.2%), urinary tract infections (20.2%), and bloodstream infections (10.5%). Approximately 19.2% of health...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.338
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Bloodstream infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have been associated with significant risk of in-hospital mortality. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score was developed and validated for use among intensive care unit (ICU) patients, but its utili...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/665731
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Across 36 US pediatric oncology centers, 576 central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) were reported over a 21-month period. Most infections occurred in those with leukemia and/or profound neutropenia. The contribution of viridans streptococci infections was striking. Study findings depict the contempor...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1086/669513
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the long-term-care setting and the risk to nursing home residents is still unknown. Few studies have been done in community-based nursing homes, and most have focused on colonization rather than infection rates. Concerns about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aure...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1086/501637
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The usefulness of routine annual tuberculin skin testing (purified protein derivative [PPD]) of hospital employees has been questioned. Between 1984 and the end of 1987 the PPD conversion rates of hospital employees at a university and psychiatric hospital in North Florida were compared. The number of employees in bot...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/645922
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional antibiograms can guide empiric antibiotic therapy, but they may miss differences in resistance across patient subpopulations. In this retrospective descriptive study, we constructed and validated antibiograms using International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes and other discrete da...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.246
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assess the impact of revised International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus burden in California hospitals. Codes were rapidly adopted, demonstrating new capture of colonization and continued relatively stable capture of infections. Nevertheless, despi...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/673444
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To evaluate the new adult Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ventilator-associated event (VAE) module in critically ill children and compare with the traditionally used CDC definition for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). DESIGN Retrospective observational study of mechanically ventilated ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.135
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the rates of and risk factors for carriage and acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae during hospitalization. DESIGN:Cohort study. SETTING:Shaare Zedek Medical Center, a 550-bed teaching hospital. METHODS:During a 5-month period (February 1-June 30,...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/597505
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a laboratory study, we demonstrated that 3 alcohol-based hand gels, commercially available in Brazil, were as effective as the traditional 70% ethyl alcohol (by weight) in removing clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, and Candida albicans from heavily contaminated h...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/591092
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether disinfection protocols currently used for gastroscopes are effective against cultures of Tropheryma whipplei. DESIGN:The bactericidal activity of 2% glutaraldehyde and two peracetic acids on the Twist-Marseille strain of T. whipplei grown in cell monolayers was determined. PATIENTS:Two ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502188
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Case-control studies analyzing antibiotic exposure as a risk factor for antimicrobial resistance usually assume single-drug resistance in the bacteria under study, even though resistance to multiple antimicrobials may be present. Since antibiotic selection pressures differ depending on the susceptibility pro...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/505917
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection preventionists at Minnesota hospitals were surveyed to determine whether they had Legionella water management plans. Of 137 hospitals, 84 (61%) responded. Among them, 27% hospitals had a water management plan, 21% regularly sampled for Legionella, and 51% had knowledge of ASHRAE Legionella prevention standar...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.310
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that antibiotic use could be controlled or improved in a community teaching hospital, with improvement defined as reductions in overall use, overall cost, and antimicrobial resistance. DESIGN:Interventional study with historical comparison. SETTING:A not-for-profit, 900-bed community ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/500419
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate an outbreak of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections in a neonatal clinic. DESIGN:Prospective chart review, environmental sampling, and genotyping by two independent methods: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase cha...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501729
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the last quarter century, numerous reports have indicated that antimicrobial resistance commonly is encountered in long-term-care facilities (LTCFs). Gram-negative uropathogens resistant to penicillin, cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, or fluoroquinolone antibiotics and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1086/647257
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study was designed to compare the efficacies of bland soap handwash and isopropyl alcohol hand rinse in preventing transfer of aerobic gram-negative bacilli to urinary catheters via transient hand colonization acquired from direct patient contact. Glove juice recovery of gram-negative bacteria was conside...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646261
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate clonal dissemination of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). SETTING:Neonatal intensive care unit of a 180-bed, university-affiliated general hospital. PATIENTS:Neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between March 1999 and October 2000, from whom CNS were ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502083
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used mandatory public reporting as an impetus to perform a statewide study to define risk factors for surgical site infection. Among women who underwent abdominal hysterectomy, blood transfusion was a significant risk factor for surgical site infection in patients who experienced blood loss of less than 500 mL. ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/663341
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00