Abstract:
STUDY OBJECTIVES:We determine whether the addition of heat to topical eutectic mixture of local anesthetic (EMLA) cream shortens the onset time to effective analgesia. We hypothesized that applying EMLA cream for 20 minutes with an external heat pack would be as effective as the standard 60-minute application time. METHODS:In this prospective, double-blind study using adult volunteers, research subjects were randomized into groups undergoing either 20 minutes or 60 minutes of EMLA cream application time. Each research subject underwent randomized cream application over both hands and wrists in the following manner: EMLA cream with heat, EMLA cream without heat, placebo with heat, and placebo without heat. Research subjects then underwent a single attempt at intravenous catheterization over each of the 4 sites and scored the degree of pain using a 100-mm visual analog scale. RESULTS:Seventy-six research subjects were enrolled: 39 were randomized to the 20-minute group, and 37 were randomized to the 60-minute group. EMLA cream applied for 20 minutes with heat (adjusted mean visual analog scale score of 31.9 mm) provided statistically and clinically significantly greater analgesia compared with that seen in the placebo groups with or without heat (46.6 and 46.1 mm, respectively), with estimated differences of -14.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] -21.2 to -8.1) and -14.1 (95% CI -20.8 to -7.3), respectively. However, applying EMLA cream for 60 minutes without heat (16.6 mm) provided better analgesia compared with that seen after 20 minutes of EMLA cream with heat (31.9 mm; estimated difference of -15.4 [95% CI -25.1 to -5.6]). CONCLUSION:Applying EMLA cream for 20 minutes with heat provides intermediate analgesia for intravenous catheter placement, although 60 minutes of application time remains superior.
journal_name
Ann Emerg Medjournal_title
Annals of emergency medicineauthors
Liu DR,Kirchner HL,Petrack EMdoi
10.1067/mem.2003.228subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-07-01 00:00:00pages
27-33issue
1eissn
0196-0644issn
1097-6760pii
S0196064403003020journal_volume
42pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::Ketamine produces rapid and consistent pediatric sedation with a predictable onset and recovery time. A wide margin of safety is afforded without the respiratory and cardiovascular depression commonly seen with alternative agents. The efficacy of ketamine is well established in anesthesia and dentistry and has extensi...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)82569-7
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:We determine whether children with immediate posttraumatic seizures require hospitalization for observation of possible neurologic complications. METHODS:This was a prospective observational cohort study of children younger than 18 years with blunt head trauma resulting in immediate posttraumatic seizu...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0196064403012071
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Irukandji syndrome is a constellation of delayed severe local and systemic symptoms occurring after a Carukia barnesi box jellyfish sting involving any exposed skin. These cases are limited to Australia, the habitat of that animal. Numerous other cases of an Irukandji-like syndrome after other small Carybdeid genus en...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(03)00513-4
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 24-year-old man was assaulted and sustained a stab wound to the left lower neck. When he arrived at the emergency department, he was hemodynamically stable. Although the wound had penetrated the platysma, on initial evaluation the patient did not appear to have sustained significant injury. Closer examination of the...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)82619-8
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To reappraise Boehler's angle and evaluate factors, including centering of the central beam, sex of subjects, and side of the body, that may affect angle measurement. DESIGN:Retrospective clinical review. SETTING:Emergency department, Level I trauma center. TYPE OF PARTICIPANTS:120 consecutive patie...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81206-5
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of the emergency IV contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scanning was evaluated in 90 pediatric patients sustaining blunt abdominal trauma. Medical records, CT scans, and operative and postmortem reports, when applicable, were reviewed retrospectively. By identifying the organs of injury, CT sc...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(88)80611-5
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::First-responding emergency medical technicians (EMTs) trained to defibrillate have been shown to increase survival from prehospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) almost fourfold in Washington's King County. Using Nebraska ambulance rescue run data from 1982 and published information relating ambulance response time to...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(84)80331-5
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article is part of a regular series on emerging infections from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the EMERGEncy ID NET, an emergency department-based and CDC-collaborative surveillance network. Important infectious disease public health information with relevance to emergency physicians is ...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(99)70174-5
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:Inflammation plays an important role in acute coronary syndromes, and some evidence indicates that patients with a more pronounced vascular inflammatory response have a poorer outcome. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) is a specific marker for vascular endothelial cell activation. The ...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/mem.2001.117199
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC: Procalcitonin is a biomarker that appears to correlate with bacterial infection. WHAT QUESTION THIS STUDY ADDRESSED: Does a procalcitonin level add prognostic information for pneumonia patients in conjunction with scoring systems such as the Pneumonia Severity Index or CURB-65? WHA...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.033
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent interest in civilian trauma as a public health problem dates from the National Academy of Sciences white paper in 1966. Civilian trauma patterns vary depending on locale--blunt trauma predominates in rural and smaller urban areas (65% to 80% of hospital admissions); penetrating trauma in larger urban areas outw...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(86)80921-0
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental ischemia by the classic frostbite rabbit ear model clearly defined the role of thromboxane as a mediator of progressive dermal ischemia in frostbite injuries. The therapeutic groups consisted of the antiprostanoids, methylprednisolone, and aspirin combined with anti-thromboxane agents Aloe vera and methim...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(87)80758-8
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although all emergency physicians are familiar with catastrophic causes of free intraperitoneal air, we describe the case of a healthy 26-year-old woman who presented to our emergency department (ED) with a nonsurgical and previously unreported cause of pneumoperitoneum. The patient presented to our ED with complaints...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.02.011
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:We compare the efficacy of intranasal fentanyl versus intravenous morphine in a pediatric population presenting to an emergency department (ED) with acute long-bone fractures. METHODS:We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial in a tertiary pediatric ED bet...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.06.016
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of the institution of out-of-hospital albuterol treatments for acute asthma on out-of-hospital time intervals emergency department (ED) morbidity. DESIGN:Retrospective chart and ambulance run report review. PARTICIPANTS:All patients who presented with a diagnosis of asthma on t...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(94)70205-5
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the hypothesis that modern computed tomographic (CT) imaging is sufficient to exclude subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in patients with severe headache. METHODS:All 38,730 adult patients who presented to Hermann Hospital in Houston, Texas, during a 16-month period were prospectivel...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In experimental animal studies, opiate receptor antagonists (such as naloxone) and physiological opiate antagonists (thyrotropin-releasing hormone [TRH] have been used with some success to improve outcome and physiological variables following traumatic shock associated with hypovolemia, spinal cord trauma, and head in...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(86)80944-1
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paliperidone, or 9-hydroxy risperidone, is the newest atypical antipsychotic agent to be approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration. Despite being the primary active metabolite of risperidone, paliperidone differs in several ways from risperidone. The most notable difference is that paliperidone is formulate...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.10.015
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten healthy male volunteers were studied to compare the effects of simultaneous versus sequential inflation of antishock trousers (AST) and simultaneous inflation pressures of 20, 40, and 100 mm Hg on blood volume displacement centrally. Radioisotope scans were used to determine the change in blood volume distribution...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(85)80877-5
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The literature suggests that the d -dimer is useful in patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism and who have a low pretest probability of disease. A previously defined clinical decision rule, the Wells Criteria, may provide a reliable and reproducible means of determining this pretest probability...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.04.002
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of electronic control devices has expanded worldwide during the last few years, the most widely used model being the Taser. However, the scientific knowledge about electronic control devices remains limited. We reviewed the medical literature to examine the potential implications of electronic devices in terms...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2011.01.023
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:Transgender, transsexual, or transitioned (trans) people have reported avoiding medical care because of negative experiences or fear of such experiences. The extent of trans-specific negative emergency department (ED) experiences, and of ED avoidance, has not been documented. METHODS:The Trans PULSE Pr...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.09.027
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine whether emergency medical services (EMS) run reports adequately document vehicle damage when compared with vehicle photographs by using a traffic accident scoring system. DESIGN:A prospective study consisting of three phases: photographing motor vehicle collisions and collecting their resp...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81842-6
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of flumazenil, a benzodiazepine antagonist, was studied in two patients with coma of unknown etiology. One patient ingested 20.5 mg alprazolam before crashing his truck into parked automobiles. The patient was awakened by flumazenil administration, and the severity of his injuries was evaluated reliably. A sec...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(05)82054-2
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:We identify the incidence and predictors of missed fracture and characterize patterns of radiography performance in children with a diagnosis of radial head subluxation in the emergency department (ED) setting. METHODS:We queried the Pediatric Health Information System database for visits by children y...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.09.002
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:We evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) level less than 5 ng/L or less than or equal to 14 ng/L at emergency department (ED) presentation, combined with the emergency physician's assessment of history and ECG, for ruling out major adverse cardiac events wit...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.06.008
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A research project was developed to study the process of professional socialization in graduate medical education by describing and analyzing the development of emergency medicine residencies in comparison to those of surgery and internal medicine. Based on the assumption that residency programs have a profound impact...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(80)80332-5
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emergency clinicians often care for patients with terminal illness who are receiving hospice care and many more patients who may be in need of such care. Hospice care has been shown to successfully address the multidimensional aspects of the end-of-life concerns of terminally ill patients: dying with dignity, dying wi...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2010.06.569
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although health care rapidly adopts technologic advances from other fields, it has been slow to incorporate well-established principles from human factors engineering into the health care workplace. This article demonstrates some of those principles by analyzing an all too routine clinical event from a human factors p...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1067/mem.2002.124900
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blacks, Hispanics/Latinos, American Indians, Pacific Islanders, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians make up 33% of the US population. These same groups are underrepresented in medicine. In 2013, the physician workforce was 4.1% black, 4.4% Hispanic/Latino, 0.4% American Indian or Alaska Native, 11.7% Asian, and 48.9%...
journal_title:Annals of emergency medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.01.039
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00