Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the demographics, incidence, and symptoms and signs of hydrocarbon poisoning in admitted children from the Negev Desert area of Israel. METHODS:The medical records of all children admitted for hydrocarbon poisoning from 1995 to 1999 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS:Of the 274 admitted children, 61% were boys and 39% were girls, with ages ranging from 6 months to 18 years (median, 1.58 years). Ninety-four percent of the patients were Moslem Arab Bedouins, and 6% were Jews. The largest group of patients (106) was admitted during the summer months (P < .003). Also, more patients were admitted in spring (63) and autumn (67) than in winter (38) (P < .013). Thirty-two percent of the cases were seen in the Pediatrics Ambulatory Unit and then discharged, while 68% were hospitalized. The most commonly observed symptoms were tachypnea (73.7%), fever (63.5%), vomiting (51.1%), and cough (38.0%). About one third of the patients showed signs of central nervous system (CNS) impairment, including drowsiness, restlessness, stupor, and convulsions. These symptoms were significantly correlated with pneumonia, hypoxemia, and fever (P < .001). Of 274 patients, 43% (118 children) had pneumonia--usually interstitial pneumonitis (90%). Vomiting was significantly correlated with pneumonia (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS:1) There is a higher risk of hydrocarbon poisoning during the hot months of the year; 2) the respiratory system is the main target organ affected; 3) pneumonia is in most cases interstitial and bilateral; 4) vomiting after hydrocarbon ingestion is related to the rate of development of pneumonia; 5) symptoms of CNS impairment were correlated with hypoxemia, pneumonia, and fever; and 6) CNS toxicity may occur without hypoxemia, concurrent pulmonary pathology, or other pathology.
journal_name
Wilderness Environ Medjournal_title
Wilderness & environmental medicineauthors
Lifshitz M,Sofer S,Gorodischer Rdoi
10.1580/1080-6032(2003)014[0078:hpicay]2.0.co;2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-07-01 00:00:00pages
78-82issue
2eissn
1080-6032issn
1545-1534pii
S1080-6032(03)70536-5journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyze the nature of surfing injuries in Cornwall in order to identify trends and inform clinical management. METHODS:The details of patients presenting (with injuries sustained while surfboard/bodyboard riding) to the Emergency Department (ED) of the Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro (UK), from September 2...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032-020.004.0335
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Teaching emergency procedural skills in a wilderness setting can be logistically challenging. To teach these skills as part of a wilderness medicine elective for medical students, we designed an outdoor simulation session with low-fidelity models. The session involved 6 stations in which procedural skills were taught ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2013.11.001
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite recent growth, opportunities for preclinical medical students to engage with the field of wilderness medicine remain geographically, financially, and logistically limited. Attendees of the 2018 Mid-Atlantic Student Wilderness Medicine Conference were invited to complete a post hoc web-based survey after the ev...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2019.06.009
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stingray envenomation is a common occurrence. X-ray evaluation of stingray wounds is an unnecessarily misunderstood diagnostic concept. We present the case of a patient stung by a stingray with a prolonged and complicated course and permanent disability due to a retained barb. The patient had undergone multiple medica...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2015.03.006
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the case of a patient who presented with respiratory failure, recurrent ventricular fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, and hypotension after an intentional ingestion of aconite flowers. Significant ingestion of this plant can produce life-threatening cardio- and neurotoxicity that may require evacuation ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2018.05.001
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although catfish are found worldwide and commonly consumed in the southern United States, fatal infections from catfish are rare. Edwardsiella tarda is a bacterium known to cause gastrointestinal distress most commonly, but extraintestinal infections are a rarely considered danger for those acquiring, preparing, and c...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2019.04.004
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cricothyroidotomy is an advanced and life-saving technique, but it is also a rare and a difficult procedure. The purpose of the present study was to produce a low-cost simulation model with realistic anatomic features to investigate its effectiveness in developing cricothyroidotomy skills. METHODS:This st...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2020.05.003
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this case study is to examine the physiological/behavioral factors leading up to heat exhaustion in a male wildland firefighter during wildland fire suppression. The participant (24 years old, 173 cm, 70 kg, and 3 years firefighting experience) experienced heat exhaustion following 7 hours of high ambie...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2011.01.008
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To document changes in body composition and body mass in male and female tree planters. METHODS:Height, mass, skin-fold thickness, and limb girths were measured in 17 male and 5 female tree planters before and after 10 weeks of work. RESULTS:Significant decreases were found in body mass (80.6 +/- 10.7 kg vs...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/pr01-03.1
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To identify the clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients who develop acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) following snake envenomation. METHODS:A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with snake envenomation-induced AIN from October 2013 to November 2014. RESULTS:After snake envenoma...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2015.12.009
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As part of an emergency medical system protocol, national park service rangers certified at the level of an emergency medical technician-basic (EMT-B) are taught to recognize and treat high-altitude pulmonary edema and high-altitude cerebral edema. In Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, this is done with the assi...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(2004)15[198:uotgbb]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening, multisystem hypersensitivity reaction that can rapidly progress to hypotension and airway compromise. Successful management of anaphylaxis has been documented with the use of prescription intramuscular epinephrine pens that require only minimal training for safe use. The prio...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2016.02.005
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Cuzco, Peru, is host to a dangerous mix of high altitude and rapid access from low elevation, which results in a high prevalence of acute mountain sickness (AMS). Thus, it is important that travelers entering Cuzco understand the basics of AMS. To this end, we assessed travelers' awareness of AMS, especially ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/06-weme-or-013r.1
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatalities secondary to inhalation of volcanic gases in the United States have rarely been reported. We report the deaths of 3 ski patrol members at a popular California ski resort. After a snowstorm, ski patrol members were fencing off a well-known volcanic fumarole when the snow around the vent collapsed. Two member...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/08-WEME-CR-199.1
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a case report of a subject suffering high-altitude cerebral and pulmonary edema successfully treated with low flow rates of supplemental oxygen administered with a breathing system designed to conserve oxygen supplies at high altitude. ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/pr08-04.1
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the presence of a number of anecdotal reports in the mountaineering literature, mucociliary dysfunction at high altitude has received little scientific attention. However, the dry, cold, thin air at high altitude has the potential to undermine normal mucociliary function. This seems increasingly likely in moun...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1580/pr36-05.1
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The incidence of fatal closed head injury (CHI) and nonfatal CHI causing an altered level of consciousness in avalanche victims is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence and potential significance of CHI in avalanche-related deaths. METHODS:The records of the state medical examiner an...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(2001)012[0244:atachi]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many tales describing ferocious schools of piranha attacking humans, but there are few scientific data supporting such behavior. The very few documented instances of humans attacked and eaten by piranha schools include 3 that occurred after death by other causes (eg, heart failure and drowning). These predac...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(2003)14[249:paohis]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:We examined the changes in ventilation during sleep at high altitude using the LifeShirt monitoring system on 2 climbers who were attempting to summit Mount Aconcagua (6956 m). METHODS:Prior to the summit attempt, we measured cardiovascular and pulmonary function at 401 m (Rochester, MN) and gathe...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/06-WEME-BR-041R.1
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Physical stress (exercise and/or environmental) activates the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axes. The combination of ultraendurance exercise in the cold presents a unique summated stress to the body. The purpose of this study was to assess the stress hormo...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2009.12.020
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The presence of coliform bacteria indicates a watershed risk for harboring microbes capable of causing human disease. We hypothesized that water from watersheds that have different human- or animal-use patterns would have differing risks for the presence of coliform bacteria. METHODS; Water was collected in w...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/pr05-05.1
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in the treatment of trauma patients was relatively unexplored until the landmark Clinical Randomisation of an Antifibrinolytic in Significant Haemorrhage-2 (CRASH-2) trial in 2010 demonstrated a reduction in mortality with the use of TXA. Although this trial was a randomized, double-bl...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2016.12.006
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is defined by a serum or plasma sodium concentration below the normal reference range of 135 mmol/L that occurs during or up to 24 hours after prolonged physical activity. It is reported to occur in individual physical activities or during organized endurance events conducted in ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2014.08.009
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:This study compared 2 commercially available beverages, an oral rehydration solution (ORS; 60.9 mM Na+; 3.4% carbohydrate) and a sports drink (SDS; 18.4 mM Na+; 5.9% carbohydrate), on hydration and metabolism during submaximal exercise in the heat. METHODS:Ten male subjects completed two 90-min exercise t...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2018.01.005
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:There are 3 pit viper species in Canada. Limited Canadian literature exists on the epidemiology of venomous snakebites and the treatment patterns with antivenom. This study described the epidemiology, the utilization of antivenom, and estimated expenditures due to forfeited antivenom for pit viper envenoma...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2018.06.005
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Antarctic expeditioners face extremes of environmental conditions along with isolation which affect normal human activity at a polar station. Diets of polar expeditioners consist of products that have been kept in storage for more than a year. Processing and preservation adversely affect the nutritive value o...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/06-WEME-OR-004R3.1
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present 3 cases of severe hyponatremia occurring on a commercially guided river rafting trip on the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park. All 3 women appeared to have been overhydrating because of concern about dehydration and required evacuation within 24 hours of each other after the staggered onset of sy...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2014.08.007
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crocodilians represent one of the oldest constant animal lineages on the planet, in no small part due to their formidable array of predatory adaptations. As both human and crocodilian populations expand, they increasingly encroach on each others' territories, bringing morbidity and mortality to both populations. In th...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1580/1080-6032(2005)16[143:CAIAAA]2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Avalanches pose a life-threatening risk to participants of outdoor winter activities. Determining the causes of death in avalanche fatalities can aid rescue and resuscitation strategies and hopefully improve survival. METHODS:The study population included all avalanche fatalities in Utah from the 1989-90 to ...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1580/07-WEME-OR-092R1.1
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The utility of digital intubation, especially in an austere environment with limited equipment, has been previously described. However, evidence supporting best practices for its technique is limited. We seek to quantify the time to intubation and the rate of successful placement of the tube for digital in...
journal_title：Wilderness & environmental medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.wem.2018.11.006
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
