Abstract：
:A review of 65 studies of individuals with schizophrenia who had never been treated with antipsychotic medications indicates significant abnormalities in brain structure and function. Neurological and neuropsychological measures show the most consistent and largest group differences between those affected and normal controls. Measures of structural differences and cerebral metabolic function are significant but less impressive. Electrophysiological differences also are found, but most such studies are older and have methodological problems. The brain abnormalities implicate a variety of interrelated brain regions, primarily the medial temporal, prefrontal, thalamic, and basal ganglia areas. It is concluded that schizophrenia is a brain disease in the same sense that Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis are, and that the brain abnormalities in schizophrenia are inherent in the disease process and not medication-related. The challenge for the future is to use the new molecular techniques to study these brain areas and elevate our understanding of schizophrenia's etiology to the next level.
journal_name
Schizophr Resjournal_title
Schizophrenia researchauthors
Torrey EFdoi
10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00381-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
101-15issue
2-3eissn
0920-9964issn
1573-2509pii
S092099640200381Xjournal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：OBJECTIVE:The diagnosis of psychotic disorder is associated with a risk of violence. Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in the general population may share an etiological background with psychotic disorders. The present study has evaluated the association between PLEs and violent behavior in adolescents. METHODS:PLEs a...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2010.08.028
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adolescents meeting diagnostic criteria for schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) are presumed to be at risk for developing schizophrenia in adulthood, making them an important group for exploring the developmental trajectory of the disease. Deficits in executive functioning have been documented in schizophrenia pati...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00119-x
更新日期：2000-04-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Antipsychotic pharmacotherapy is the standard of care for the treatment of schizophrenia. Although pharmacotherapy effectively improves some symptoms, others can remain. Pharmacotherapy alone also tends to produce only limited improvement in social functioning and quality of life. Supportive psychosocial therapies hav...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.468
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Stress has been associated with the onset of schizophrenia and exacerbation of psychotic symptoms. Patients with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), the prototypic schizophrenia spectrum disorder, do not develop the frank psychosis of schizophrenia and appear clinically to be less reactive to stress than...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2003.10.008
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There has been increasing interest in studying the impact of physical activity on the psychological and physical well-being and functioning in patients with first-episode psychosis. The exploration of factors which contribute to physical activity in psychosis may open up opportunities for improvement of functional out...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2013.08.034
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Acoustic phonetic methods are useful in examining some symptoms of schizophrenia; we used such methods to understand the underpinnings of aprosody. We hypothesized that, compared to controls and patients without clinically rated aprosody, patients with aprosody would exhibit reduced variability in: pitch (F0)...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2018.01.007
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous genetic and postmortem studies link N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction with schizophrenia, forming the basis of the popular glutamate hypothesis. Neuronal NMDAR abnormalities are consistently reported from both basic and clinical experiments, however, non-neuronal cells also contain NMDARs, and...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2020.10.004
更新日期：2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Left or mixed-handedness, footedness, and eye dominance are thought to indicate abnormalities in lateralization related to schizophrenia. Increased left or mixed-dominance in schizophrenia suggests possible hemispheric abnormalities associated with the disorder. A related body of research suggests that some indication...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2004.04.003
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persistent cannabis use among young adults with first episode psychosis (FEP), even those receiving early intervention services, has been associated with poor outcomes. In the United States (US), Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) has been shown to be more effective at reducing symptoms, improving quality of life and in...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2020.05.035
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The intrusion of associations into the utterances of schizophrenic individuals typically disrupts the coherence of the patient's utterances. Recent theoretical formulations of these phenomena have emphasized the hyperactivity) of associational networks in such language disturbance (e.g., Maher, B.A. 2003 Sch...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2005.05.017
更新日期：2005-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We updated our previous systematic review regarding clinical guidelines and algorithms on antipsychotic treatment in the maintenance phase of schizophrenia (doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.11.021) to incorporate and synthesize more recent findings to guide clinical practice. METHODS:We conducted a systematic lit...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2019.09.013
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was developed to assess cognitive treatment effects in schizophrenia clinical trials, and is considered the FDA gold standard outcome measure for that purpose. The aim of the present study was to establish pre-treatment psychometric characteristics of the MCCB in a large ...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2017.03.040
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental instability (DI) refers to the inability of the developing brain to buffer the effects of genetic and environmental insults. This concept has been invoked to better understand how fetal brain development goes awry in schizophrenia and related spectrum disorders. This study examined one marker of DI, mino...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2009.10.028
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Healthy siblings of schizophrenia patients have an almost 9-fold higher risk for developing the illness than the general population. Disruption of white matter (WM) integrity as indicated by reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), is believed to be the key substrate of schizophr...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2009.07.001
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rubber-hand illusion (RHI), an illusion in which tactile sensations are referred to a synthetic alien limb, is enhanced in schizophrenia patients. Somatosensory evoked responses of the illusion were compared between schizophrenia patients and normal control subjects. Schizophrenia patients had significant alterati...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(03)00057-4
更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Diminished expressivity is a characteristic feature of schizophrenia-spectrum pathology. However, attempts to elucidate the neurobiological underpinnings of diminished expressivity have yielded limited information. The present study posited that diminished expressivity was associated with a right, but not left-hemisph...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2009.01.010
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine's proposed role in psychosis proved a starting point in our understanding of the neurobiology of relapse, fitting given the central role positive symptoms play. This link is reflected in early work examining neurotransmitter metabolite and drug (e.g. amphetamine, methylphenidate) challenge studies as a means ...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2013.10.009
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although pharmacologic treatments are available for patients with schizophrenia, little is known about how prescription patterns of atypical antipsychotic agents are related to patient characteristics. In this study, we examined the association between patient characteristics and the likelihood of being initiated on o...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2005.04.005
更新日期：2005-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia and individuals with schizotypy experience decreased anticipatory pleasure. However, it is unclear whether this decrease is contributed by altered reward processing at the proximal or distal future. In order to investigate the preference for receiving...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2018.12.040
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Insight and hopelessness have been reported to be associated with suicidality in schizophrenia. In addition, there is evidence that diminished insight is correlated with impairment in some domains of cognitive function in schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relative importance for suicidality i...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(02)00310-9
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to investigate sustained attention in remitted patients with bipolar disorder and in patients with schizophrenia, as compared to each other and to healthy controls; a secondary aim was to investigate the correlations of different symptom dimensions with performance on sustained attenti...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2005.05.014
更新日期：2005-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This study assessed visuospatial attention in healthy adults and medicated schizophrenic patients. Participants performed a visual orientation task in which a peripheral cue was followed. at different intervals, by a target presented either at valid or invalid locations. When the long stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) w...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00044-4
更新日期：1999-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Few studies have used self-administered symptom scales as outcome measures with individuals who have schizophrenia. However, with the increase in community-based treatment for the serious and persistently mentally ill and the emphasis on client empowerment, their ability to monitor and report symptoms needs to be asse...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-9964(95)00100-x
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is employed increasingly for the evaluation of therapeutic outcome in studies on schizophrenia. Rater training is important to improve the concordance and accuracy of ratings; however, there are no established guidelines for carrying out such training. We conducted rate...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00051-6
更新日期：1998-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have examined a wide range of risk factors associated with violence among patients with schizophrenia. However, risk factors linked to different socio-cultural backgrounds remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:The objectives were to investigate factors associated with violence among Japanese patients w...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2014.10.016
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Current early screeners for psychosis-risk states have still to prove ability in identifying at-risk individuals. Among screeners, the 92-item Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-92) is often used. We aimed to assess the validity of its Italian translation in a large Italian adolescent and young adult help-seeking s...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2017.02.008
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last 25 years, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) has been largely used to assess schizophrenia symptom intensity, but little information is available on how this scale was generally applied when evaluating the efficacy of schizophrenia therapies in randomized clinical trials. In the attempt to ad...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2015.04.006
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia is a multifactorial disease in both clinical and molecular terms. Thus, depicting the molecular aspects of the disease will contribute to the understanding of its biochemical mechanisms and consequently may lead to the development of new treatment strategies. The protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2016.03.022
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A small but significant association between schizophrenia and violence is open to a number of explanations. Impaired empathy has been associated with schizophrenia, and with violence in the general population. Our aim was to conduct a systematic review of any research into relationships between schizophrenia...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2012.07.019
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Accurately diagnosing schizophrenia is still challenging due to the lack of validated biomarkers. Here, we aimed to investigate whether radiomic features in bilateral hippocampal subfields from magnetic resonance images (MRIs) can differentiate patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls (HCs). METHOD...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2020.09.009
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
