Abstract:
:Australia New Zealand Food Authority (ANZFA) is a bi-national government agency forming a partnership between all of Australia's States and Territories and the New Zealand government. Australia New Zealand Food Authority employs scientific, legal policy, communication and administrative staff in our Australia and New Zealand offices. Prior to 1991 each of Australia's States and Territories had their own food standards; however, in 1991 Commonwealth legislation was introduced to consolidate responsibility for developing food standards in one specialist agency and to ensure the uniformity of Standards across all States and Territories in Australia. This was extended to New Zealand in 1995 when we became a bi-national agency following the signing of a Treaty between Australia and New Zealand to develop joint food standards for both countries. Australia New Zealand Food Authority's objectives in setting food standards are to: protect public health and safety; provide adequate information to enable consumers to make informed choices; and prevent misleading or deceptive conduct. Health Ministers have recently approved a new Joint Food Standards Code for Australia and New Zealand. This is the result of over 6 year's work and many rounds of public consultation. The new Code has had extensive input from government agencies, industry and consumers. In drafting the new code our emphasis has been on making decisions based on sound science and the most up-to-date information available. We also recognized the need for Standards to be practical in not imposing unnecessary costs on food manufacturers with an inevitable flow on effect to consumer prices. The Joint Code will replace both the existing Australian Food Standards Code and the New Zealand Food Regulations after a 2-year transition period. During the development of the Joint Code a wide range of matters were considered in relation to labelling. Amongst these were consumer needs, costs to industry, voluntary versus mandatory, enforcement issues, relationship to advertising and exemptions. A number of features of the new Code relate specifically to labelling and include: warning and advisory statements; ingredients lists; date marking; directions for use and storage; nutrition information; legibility requirements; and percentage labelling. One of the key features of the Joint Code is the requirement for most packaged foods to bear a nutrition information panel (NIP). Information must be presented on the amount of fat, saturated fat, protein, energy, carbohydrates, sugars and sodium. For the majority of foods the label is the first and only source of information regarding the nutritional content of food purchased. Mandatory nutrition labelling will ensure that consumers are provided with key nutritional information about foods. Single ingredient produce such as fruit and vegetables, and some other foods such as spices, tea and coffee will be exempt. The new requirements will give consumers more nutritional information to allow product comparison. All products will be required to provide information on these nutrients on both a per 100 g basis and in terms of an average serving. In addition to the mandatory nutrient declarations NIP are also required to carry additional data for any substance for which a nutrition claim is made. During the 2-year transition period to December 2002 ANZFA will be working with industry, enforcement agencies and consumers to help to ensure that there is a smooth transition to the Joint Food Standards Code.
journal_name
Asia Pac J Clin Nutrjournal_title
Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutritionauthors
Curran MAdoi
10.1046/j.1440-6047.2002.00002.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-01 00:00:00pages
S72-6issue
2eissn
0964-7058issn
1440-6047journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A knowledge-attitude-practices (KAP) study was conducted along with a prevalence study of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) between 1998-99 in the district of Bargarh, Orissa state, India. A total of 635 people were interviewed by a pretested structured questionnaire, adopting the probability proportional to size clus...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-6047.2001.00203.x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is a follow-up study to an investigation on the prevalence of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies among Vietnamese primary schoolchildren. A total of 454 children aged 7 to 8 years attending three primary schools in the Northern delta province of Vietnam were either provided with regular milk, milk fortif...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indians are particularly susceptible to chronic diseases like hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease. Several Western studies have documented the role of obesity, especially the role of regional adiposity, and associated metabolic aberrations in the aetiopathogenesis of these chronic diseases. However, ther...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent epidemiologic studies assessing tree nut (almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios, and walnuts) consumption and the association with nutrient intake and diet quality are lacking. This study determined the association of tree nut consumption and nutrient intake and...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The high mortality rate of H7N9 strain of avian influenza virus (AIV) infected patients has been a major clinical concern. Iron overload increases the susceptibility of host for several kinds of microbial infection. However, the study on patients' iron and ferritin status associated with clini...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.6133/apjcn.202009_29(3).0019
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The centre of origin of the oil palm is the tropical rain forest region of West Africa. It is considered to be the 200-300 kilometre wide coastal belt between Liberia and Mayumbe. The oil palm tree has remained the 'tree of life' of Yoruba land as well as of other parts of southern West Africa to which it is indigenou...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overweight and obesity prevalence among children is increasing globally. Health promoting school policy has been initiated in Thailand to tackle this problem. The schools that best conduct obesity management programs are rated as diamond level health promoting schools (DLHPS). However, the methods used by these school...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.6133/apjcn.2014.23.2.17
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::D-lactic acidosis is a rare complication in children with short bowel syndrome. It results from fermentation of dietary carbohydrate by luminal bacteria in the small bowel caused by bacterial overgrowth. We present the case of a 14-year-old boy who had been diagnosed with short bowel syndrome from surgical treatment o...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of micronutrient deficiencies to child survival and to the health and development of nations is universally recognized. Over two billion people, or more than one in three individuals, are at risk of iron, vitamin A and iodine deficiencies. More than 13 million people suffer night blindness or total blin...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the predictive value of high body mass index (H-BMI) on the survival of patients with esophageal cancer (EC) after curative esophagectomy. METHODS:Studies were systematically identified to investigate the relationship between overweight and obese (H-BMI) and clinical outcomes in EC patients tr...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.6133/apjcn.2015.24.3.05
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the antioxidative activity of the hydrolysates of ovalbumin, the antioxidative activities of the enzymatic extracts were evaluated using three different methodologies scavenging assays such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and inhibitory oxidation of linoleic acid in vitro, and the activities of SOD,...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under-reporting of energy intake is a common problem in nutritional epidemiological studies. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of under-reporting of energy intake on the estimates of nutrient intakes. In this cross-sectional study, 901 subjects aged >16 y were randomly selected from participants...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity and homocysteine (tHcy) are important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Plasma omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs) and omega-6 fatty acids (ω-6 FAs) are essential fatty acids with diverse biological effects in human health and disease. We have investigated the relation of plasma ω-3 FAs and ω-6 FAs lev...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our aim was to compare the effects of intravenous, enteral, and enteral plus intravenous supplemented glutamine on plasma transferrin, nitrogen balance, and creatinine/height index in septic patients with malnutrition. Blood and urine samples were collected for transferrin, urea and creatinine measurements. Samples, S...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.6133/apjcn.2014.23.1.11
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Iron homeostasis abnormalities are associated with insulin resistance (IR), but studies on such associations in children and adolescents are limited and have contrasting results. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations between indicators of iron status and IR, and assesse i...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.6133/apjcn.201912_28(4).0019
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of hyperuricemia in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with central obesity. A multicentric hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Guangdong Province between August 2011 and March 2012. At each hospital, Chinese T2DM patients with c...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.6133/apjcn.2013.22.4.16
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The consumption of unhealthy snack and beverages can lead to childhood obesity, which has become a major concern globally. Television food advertisements may influence children's snack and beverages preferences. This article aims to explore children's snack and beverage consumption habits; exa...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.6133/apjcn.012017.04
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus homeostasis is determined by dietary intake, intestinal absorption, and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphorus. Serum fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is considered to be a sensitive early biomarker of disordered phosphorus metabolism in both patients with chronic kidney diseases and healthy subjects....
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.6133/apjcn.092015.22
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary prevention of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes is now considered possible through adopting lifestyle changes. Population strategies for preventing diabetes are now being developed. The South Auckland Diabetes Project has developed a questionnaire to assess the impact of a diabetes awareness, exercis...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In protracted and recurrent conflict, Vietnamese people have learned to minimize food insecurity through governance, mutual social responsibility, infrastructure development, ecological sensitivity, agricultural diversification and emphasis on family needs and traditional food patterns. Drawing on this experience, in ...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Faecal bulk may play an important role in preventing a range of disorders of the large bowel, but as yet there is little information available on the relative faecal bulking capacities of various foods. Breakfast cereals are often promoted as a good source of potential bulk for 'inner health' because they provide diet...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-6047.2002.00280.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A micro level study on the haemoglobin status of 127 Munda (a tribe) and 174 Poundrakshatriya (Pod) (caste) women were conducted in the peri-urban area of Kolkata City, India. The two ethnic groups were selected in order to find out whether populations residing in the same habitat, with similar medical and health care...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the acute and chronic effects of low doses of long chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (<100 mg per day) on plasma LC n-3 PUFA levels using a novel delivery form; bread containing microencapsulated tuna oil (MTO). Six omnivores (three men and three women) participat...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-6047.2002.00309.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The World Health Organization reported that inappropriate feeding in children is responsible for one-third of the cases of malnutrition. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and identify the relationship between feeding practices and malnutrition in children below 5 years, in 7 ...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-communicable diseases with dietary implications, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and cancers of the breast and colon are discussed in relation to their prevalence and mortality rates in peninsular Malaysia during the past few decades. The mortality rate due to diseases of the circulatory system has more...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of multiple frequency bio-electrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) at discrete frequencies in predicting body cell mass, total body water, and fat-free mass compartments was investigated in healthy (n=30) and diseased (n=40) paediatric populations. Correlation coefficients achieved by comparing MFBIA with re...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nationwide surveys of food and nutrient intake in China have revealed geographical variation between urban and rural areas. This study developed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) for cancer risk assessment suitable for both urban and rural populations by conducting a survey of food intake in Cho...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays a key role in the metabolic syndrome. Easy detection of VAT could be an important tool to increase understanding of the metabolic syndrome. To study the relationship between the area of the inferior part of the perirenal fat (AIPPF) and anthropometric, imaging and cardiovascular ris...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are regarded as essential for child cognition. Genetic variation in fatty acid (FA) desaturase enzyme (FADS) has been recognized as an important effect modifier in the relation between LC-PUFA and child cognitive function. This study aimed to identify the...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.6133/apjcn.2015.24.2.17
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::While improvement in agricultural technology had enabled the production of abundant food, it has thus far failed to eliminate hunger. Malnutrition is expected to reach an all time high. Evidences have suggested that animal based diet has put immense pressure on the already fragile food system, contributing to problems...
journal_title:Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00