Abstract:
:Determination of inseparable exogenous and endogenous levels of toxic trace elements such as lead in human scalp hair has been used to understand and assess population exposure to such elements. For any such analysis, washing of the hair samples to remove superficial contamination is the foremost requirement. However, the use of such washing methods prior to elemental analysis removes minute quantities of trace elements from the hair strands. This degree of loss is dependent on the washing method employed. In the present study, the element lead has been determined in human scalp hair after three methods of hair washing. It is apparent that the nonionic detergent-acetone method is best suited for securing valid lead analysis results in human scalp hair.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Sen J,Das Chaudhuri ABdoi
10.1002/ajpa.1083subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-07-01 00:00:00pages
289-91issue
3eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
115pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mobility and migration patterns of groups and individuals have long been a topic of interest to archaeologists, used for broad explanatory models of cultural change as well as illustrations of historical particularism. The 14th century AD was a tumultuous period of history in Britain, with severely erratic weather pat...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22194
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The energy demands of pregnancy and lactation together with the accumulation of stored fat in human females during development suggest that a critical level of fat may be required for menarche; but multivariate analyses have supported the alternative view that skeletal growth is the main factor. However, significant d...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20644
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::One trait that distinguishes the walking gaits of most primates from those of most mammalian nonprimates is the distribution of weight between the forelimbs and hindlimbs. Nonprimate mammals generally experience higher vertical peak substrate reaction forces on the forelimb than on the hindlimb. Primates, in contrast,...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20385
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Past studies have shown a consistent association of a specific set of mitochondrial DNA 9 base pair (bp) deletion haplotypes with Polynesians and their Austronesian-speaking relatives, and the total lack of the deletion in a short series of New Guinea Highlanders. Utilizing plasma and DNA samples from various old labo...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199911)110:3<243::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of sex from the tibial shaft as well as the entire bone itself has not been generally investigated by osteologists . This paper is an attempt to fulfill this need. The purpose is to determine sex from both the complete tibia and the shaft at the nutrient foramen level. The sample was obtained from the Te...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330640104
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computed tomography allows cross-sectional imaging of anthropological as well as clinical subjects. Recently, technical innovations have made three-dimensional reconstruction of these images feasible. We performed two-dimensional and three-dimensional computed tomography of a Late Period Egyptian mummy to reexamine fi...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330830106
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen stable isotope ratios (delta(18)O) have been determined in carbonate in paired first and third molar teeth from individuals (N = 61) who lived in the town of Portus Romae ("Portus") and who were buried in the necropolis of Isola Sacra (First to Third centuries AD) near Rome, Italy. We compare these analyses wit...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20541
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Body size (stature and mass) estimates are integral to understanding the lifeways of past populations.Body size estimation of an archaeological skeletal sample can be problematic when the body size or proportions of the population are distinctive. One such population is that of the Holocene Later Stone Age (LSA) of so...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21127
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphological measurements were collected from 12 wild and 12 captive mona monkeys (Cercopithecus mona) on the Caribbean island of Grenada. Mona monkeys were introduced to Grenada from Africa approximately 200 to 300 years ago during the slave trade era. Wild monkeys were captured using either 1) a baited treadle-door...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199804)105:4<481::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is assumed that the transition from the Late Eneolithic to the Early Bronze Age in Central Europe was associated with substantial changes in subsistence and the perception of gender differences. However, the archeological record itself does not entirely support this model. Alternatively, this transition may be inte...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20551
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We tested whether patterns of intraspecific variation in catarrhine vertebral shape are consistent with developmental or functional predictions. Intraspecific variation was compared across column regions, morphological features, and species. Transitional regions and later ossifying morphological features wer...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23730
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper examines humeral cross-sectional properties in two different samples of later medieval date: a group of blade-injured males from the sites of Towton, North Yorkshire, and Fishergate in the City of York, England, and a comparative group of nonblade-injured males also from the site of Fishergate in York. CT i...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20147
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This research theoretically models and empirically records symphyseal surface strain during in vitro human mandibular wishboning (lateral transverse bending) in order to test one aspect of the hypothesis that the chin is an adaptive response to masticatory stresses. From a perspective of optimality, three qu...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22863
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The present study tests the effectiveness of entheseal robusticity (ER) as a potential predictor of adult age-at-death by applying multiple regression models to a large contemporary identified skeletal sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS:ER was recorded for 23 bilateral postcranial entheses on 481 adult individua...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.24083
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is unclear whether earlier age at menarche is associated with higher body mass index (BMI) because they share a common genetic underpinning. We investigated the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influencing menarche timing on peripubertal BMI. For 556 Fels Longitudinal Study children (277 boys/279 gi...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22121
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maxillofacial and dental arch dimensions of the Bolivian Aymara population are age and sex dependent. Interpopulational comparisons reveal these dimensions to differ from those seen in Aleuts, Australian aborigines, and Swedes, but to be similar to those of the indigenous Taiwanese. Finally, these dimensions are not t...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330490202
更新日期:1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Correlations between ridge-counts on the ten fingers were compared by race and sex in 11 samples representing Negroes and Caucasians: five from subsaharan Africa, one American Black, three European, one American White and one from India. The samples of European ancestry showed no consistent sex difference in mean corr...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330460122
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Cuncaicha, a rockshelter site in the southern Peruvian Andes, has yielded archaeological evidence for human occupation at high elevation (4,480 masl) during the Terminal Pleistocene (12,500-11,200 cal BP), Early Holocene (9,500-9,000 cal BP), and later periods. One of the excavated human burials (Feature 15-...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.24160
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Sex is usually not estimated in skeletonized non-adult individuals because sexual dimorphism is considered minimal before puberty. In 2017, a new approach based on the shape of the auricular surface was proposed, showing that this anatomic area of the ilium is dimorphic. This study tests the reproducibility ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.24012
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thin mandibles and small incisors found in New World monkeys as compared with Old World monkeys suggest that there may be differences in craniofacial loading patterns between these two groups, particularly in levels of mandibular corpus twisting (Hylander, 1975, 1979a; Eaglen, 1984; Bouvier, 1986a,b). This study exami...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330820410
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevailing research design for studying infant sleep erroneously assumes the species-wide normalcy of solitary nocturnal sleep rather than a social sleeping environment. In fact, current clinical perspectives on infant sleep, which are based exclusively on studies of solitary sleeping infants, may partly reflect c...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330830307
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Root dentine transparency (RDT) was used to estimate the ages of human subjects from 152 intact teeth. Teeth were from 134 subjects, both historical and recent, of known age and sex. The aims of this work are 1) to compare two methods of using RDT to estimate age; 2) to test the applicability of the regression formula...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330850105
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::New World monkeys vary considerably in the manner and degree to which they use their tails. There ought to arise a corresponding variation in the stresses on caudal vertebrae. Consequently, different behavior types will have contrasting caudal morphologies. This study investigates caudal morphology of several New Worl...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330580414
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey was conducted of 324 members of the Cajun isolate of Southern Alabama. Tradition and appearance suggest that this population of about 3,000 are not entirely White, Black, or Indian but constitute a triracial community somewhat reproductively isolated and inbred. The earliest American settlement in the area, a...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330470103
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Food sharing among nonkin-one of the most fascinating cooperative behaviors in humans-is not widespread in nonhuman primates. Over the past few years, a large body of work has investigated the contexts in which primates cooperate and share food with unrelated individuals. This work has successfully demonstrated that s...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22043
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compared to most quadrupedal mammals, humans are energetically inefficient when running at high speeds. This fact can be taken to mean that human dipedalism evolved for reasons other than to reduce relative energy cost durding locomotion. Recalculation of the energy expending expended during human walking at normal sp...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330520113
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The production of structured and repetitive sounds by striking objects is a behavior found not only in humans, but also in a variety of animal species, including chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). In this study we examined individual and social factors that may influence the frequency with which individuals engage in drum...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22634
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variation in recent human mandibular form is often thought to reflect differences in masticatory behavior associated with variation in food preparation and subsistence strategies. Nevertheless, while mandibular variation in some human comparisons appear to reflect differences in functional loading, other comparisons i...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22437
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluates the relationship between age at death and pelvic size among adults in three prehistoric Amerindian populations. The issue is to identify if the pelvis continues to grow and remodel in adulthood, or if there is differential survivorship among adults, particularly among females, based on pelvic size...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330950103
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Riparian or gallery forests are critical habitats for numerous plants and animals today. Paleoanthropologically, reliance on such habitats informs behavioral and ecological reconstructions; for example, gallery forest habitats likely played a critical role in the transition from ape to hominin in the early P...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23932
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00