Abstract:
:The purpose of this paper is to highlight important considerations in the measurement of health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) in paediatric populations. Considerations specific to the evaluation of HR-QOL in children include children's understanding of the questions being asked, their understanding of their own disease, using parents as proxies, time perception problems and simply the fact that children are continually changing. We provide a review of the currently available literature regarding paediatric HR-QOL assessments to examine the different instruments and approaches taken to assess HR-QOL in paediatrics. Asthma-specific measures are discussed as examples of condition-specific HR-QOL instruments because of the considerable amount of methodological and developmental work that has been conducted in this disease. Our search strategy revealed 15 main generic and 5 main asthma-specific instruments that met our criteria for inclusion. The main points high-lighted for each instrument are the description of domains, respondent (i.e. the child, parent or clinician), age group, number of items, format of instrument (usually self-administered or by interview), original country and language, and the existence of translations. For the various studies in which the different instruments are used, the issues of patient population tested, sample size, reliability and validity are addressed. Although this paper does not attempt to be an exhaustive study of paediatric HR-QOL instruments, we provide an overview of the main generic and asthma-specific instruments, as well as an examination of the different methods used in assessing paediatric HR-QOL. Many challenges exist in the measurement of HR-QOL in paediatric patients. With increased attention to the considerations high-lighted, the field will continue to grow, and the usefulness and application of HR-QOL measures in paediatric patients is likely to improve.
journal_name
Pharmacoeconomicsjournal_title
PharmacoEconomicsauthors
Connolly MA,Johnson JAdoi
10.2165/00019053-199916060-00002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-12-01 00:00:00pages
605-25issue
6eissn
1170-7690issn
1179-2027journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the relief of the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), sprains and strains, sports injuries and menstrual disorders, and have a small role in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in the neonate. In patients with RA, symptom...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199303020-00004
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate savings in the cost of caring for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) during 6 months, 1 year and 2 years of treatment with rivastigmine. An intermediate objective was to estimate the relationship between disease progression and institutionalisation. DESIGN AND SETTING:We assessed the relation...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200017040-00005
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The English community pharmacy New Medicine Service (NMS) significantly increases patient adherence to medicines, compared with normal practice. We examined the cost effectiveness of NMS compared with normal practice by combining adherence improvement and intervention costs with the effect of increased adher...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-017-0554-9
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dengue disease poses a great economic burden in Malaysia. METHODS:This study evaluated the cost effectiveness and impact of dengue vaccination in Malaysia from both provider and societal perspectives using a dynamic transmission mathematical model. The model incorporated sensitivity analyses, Malaysia-speci...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-017-0487-3
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Health economic modelling studies are of interest to many parties with different responsibilities and diverging interests. Therefore, it is obvious that recognising the relevance of statistical uncertainty and dealing with it appropriately are required to obtain unbiased results from health economic modelling studies,...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200422120-00001
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A cost-effectiveness analysis of oral capecitabine versus intravenous bolus 5-fluorouracil/l-leucovorin (FU/LV) as adjuvant therapy in patients with stage 3 colon cancer was performed from a Japanese healthcare payer perspective. METHODS:Adjuvant therapy comprised 24 weeks of treatment with either oral capec...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11310110-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop incidence-based estimates of the cost of several diabetes-related complications. DESIGN AND SETTING:This was a retrospective cohort study in a large health maintenance organisation. A total of 8905 patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and 36...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199916030-00005
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the annual direct cost of managing erectile dysfunction (ED) to the UK National Health Service (NHS) and to examine the impact of the introduction of sildenafil in 1998 and Schedule 11 restrictions in 1999. DESIGN:A prevalence-based cost-of-illness approach was used. The period 1997 to 2000 was c...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220130-00002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the CNS, typically striking adults during the primary productive time of their life. The symptoms of MS can restrict the individual's physical activity and income-earning ability, resulting in a major financial burden on the patient, family, health system and society. This syste...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.2165/11532230-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the relative cost effectiveness of topical calcipotriol and short-contact dithranol in the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis. DESIGN AND SETTING:This was a modelling study from the perspective of the UK National Health Service as payer. METHODS:The interventions were compared using 2...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200018050-00006
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is evidence that the earlier a patient reaches hospital and receives thrombolysis, the better the outcome. The GREAT (Grampian Region Early Anistreplase Trial) directly addressed the issue of early thrombolysis by evaluating, in a randomised controlled trial, the efficacy of thrombolysis in the communi...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200422140-00004
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40273-014-0167-5
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of the Single Technology Appraisal (STA) process, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) invited the manufacturer (AstraZeneca) of durvalumab (IMFINZITM) to submit evidence for the clinical and cost effectiveness of durvalumab for the treatment of patients with locally advanced, unresecta...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40273-019-00870-w
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220070-00002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Recent clinical trial results have demonstrated that, in patients with type 2 diabetes, second-line treatment of rosiglitazone in combination with metformin can lead to significant improvements in the control of fasting plasma glucose/ glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) after the failure of metformin mon...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200624001-00003
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The recently completed ALEX trial demonstrated that alectinib improved progression-free survival, and delayed time to central nervous system progression compared with crizotinib in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small-cell lung cancer. However, the long-term clinical and economic impac...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-018-0625-6
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The symptoms of onychomycosis and their impact on personal appearance are important determinants of patients' perceptions of their own health. The effect of onychomycosis is greater on psychosocial than physical functioning and is directly related to the extent of nail involvement. This review identified a number of d...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220010-00003
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study is to describe a refinement of a previously presented method, based on the concept of point sensitivity, to deal with uncertainty in economic studies. DESIGN:The original method was refined by the incorporation of probability distributions which allow a more accurate assessment o...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199916010-00004
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bipolar disorder has a significant impact upon a patient's quality of life, imposing a considerable economic burden on the individual, family members and society as a whole. Several medications are indicated for the acute treatment of mania and depression associated with bipolar disorder as well as for maint...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11594930-000000000-00000
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journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11584810-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199600102-00019
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidural analgesia and intravenous analgesia with opioids are two techniques for providing pain relief for women in labour. Labour pain is comparable to surgical pain in its severity, and epidural analgesia provides better relief from this pain than intravenous analgesia; a meta-analysis quantified this improvement to...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220050-00002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke remains the leading cause of neurological disability and the third leading cause of death worldwide, consuming a large share of total healthcare expenditures. In this review, we discuss the cost effectiveness of stroke prevention for various risk factor-modification programmes and pharmacological interventions ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199711050-00004
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a public health priority in the UK. The National Service Framework (NSF) has set standards for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of CHD, which include the use of cholesterol-lowering agents aimed at achieving targets of blood total cholesterol (TC) < 5.0 mmol/L and low d...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200321001-00001
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study objective was to evaluate and compare quality-of-life (QOL) parameters between patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus who changed therapy from an oral hypoglycaemic agent (OHA) to insulin and those who remained on an OHA. DESIGN:The World Health Organization Quality of Life ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199814020-00008
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study provides the results of a cost-effectiveness analysis of levetiracetam as an adjunctive treatment for refractory epilepsy from the Canadian Ministry of Health perspective. The main objective is to estimate the expected cost-effectiveness ratio expressed as the incremental cost per seizure-free day...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200523050-00008
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Simulation models utilizing real-world data have potential to optimize treatment sequencing strategies for specific patient subpopulations, including when conducting clinical trials is not feasible. We aimed to develop a simulation model to estimate progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival for fi...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have shown that ACE inhibitors reduce morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction (MI). While these trials have obvious clinical implications, the widespread introduction of a new treatment for a condition as common as MI also has clear cost implications. The results of the post-MI studies with ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199712020-00008
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of problems are associated with the operation, quality, costs, and benefits of therapeutic substitution programmes. Adequate communication of procedures, events, and failures are essential features of a safe therapeutic substitution policy. However, case reports of suboptimal therapy and differences in pha...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199200011-00010
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is growing interest in using observational data to assess the safety, effectiveness, and cost effectiveness of medical technologies, but operational, technical, and methodological challenges limit its more widespread use. Common data models and federated data networks offer a potential solution to many of these ...
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更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00