Incorporation of statistical uncertainty in health economic modelling studies using second-order Monte Carlo simulations.

abstract：:This study examined the costs of treatment of, and quality of life in, patients with antineoplastic therapy-induced neutropenic fever who were treated with antibacterials, with or without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Patients with haematological malignancies (n = 47) or solid tumours (n =...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Uyl-de Groot CA,Vellenga E,de Vries EG,Löwenberg B,Stoter GJ,Rutten FF

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While drotrecogin alfa (activated) was shown to decrease absolute 28-day mortality by 6.1% in patients with severe sepsis in the Recombinant Human Protein C Worldwide Evaluation in Severe Sepsis (PROWESS) study, no mortality benefit was observed in the subset of patients with only one organ system failure. C...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Betancourt M,McKinnon PS,Massanari RM,Kanji S,Bach D,Devlin JW

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article explores the need to perform pharmacoeconomic evaluations of herbal medicines and assesses the extent to which this approach has been applied so far to these products. There seems to be no compelling need for pharmacoeconomic analyses of herbal over-the-counter medicines, but such analyses are certainly w...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： De Smet PA,Bonsel G,Van der Kuy A,Hekster YA,Pronk MH,Brorens MJ,Lockefeer JH,Nuijten MJ

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current US drug innovation financing framework rests on the notion that a defined period of marketing exclusivity combined with the expectation of reimbursement for clinically valuable, cost-effective therapies, followed by vigorous price competition from generic drugs and biosimilars ensures a sufficient return o...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Cutler D,Kirson N,Long G

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Given the association between CD4 cell counts and HIV-related morbidity/mortality, new antiretroviral therapies could potentially lower the direct costs of HIV care by raising CD4 cell counts. OBJECTIVES:To predict the effects of the ritonavir-boosted, HIV protease inhibitor (PI) darunavir on the direct cos...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Hill AM,Gebo K,Hemmett L,Löthgren M,Allegri G,Smets E

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advanced controlled release (CR) dosage forms are relative newcomers to pharmaceutical markets, and few studies relate their efficacy, safety or compliance benefits to economic value. This literature review was undertaken to assess the cost effectiveness of CR dosage forms using such measures as purchase costs, total ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Cramer MP,Saks SR

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As part of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's (NICE) Single Technology Appraisal (STA) process, ruxolitinib was assessed to determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of its use in the treatment of disease-related splenomegaly or symptoms in adults with myelofibrosis. Ruxolitinib had previously...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Wade R,Hodgson R,Biswas M,Harden M,Woolacott N

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Appropriate discounting rules in economic evaluations have received considerable attention in the literature and in national guidelines for economic evaluations. Rightfully so, as discounting can be quite influential on the outcomes of economic evaluations. The most prominent controversies regarding discounting involv...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Attema AE,Brouwer WBF,Claxton K

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare resource use data were collected for 1 year as part of the CAESAR (Canada, Australia, Europe, South Africa) clinical trial, which evaluated the effect of adding lamivudine to treatment regimens containing zidovudine in patients with HIV infection. This study showed that lamivudine-containing regim...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Lacey L,Mauskopf J,Lindrooth R,Pham S,Saag M,Sawyer W

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study is to describe a refinement of a previously presented method, based on the concept of point sensitivity, to deal with uncertainty in economic studies. DESIGN:The original method was refined by the incorporation of probability distributions which allow a more accurate assessment o...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Nuijten MJ

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barrett's oesophagus is a premalignant complication that occurs in approximately 10% of patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). In patients with Barrett's oesophagus, the risk of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus approaches 0.5% per patient-years. Therefore, practice guidelines have been developed that ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Arguedas MR,Eloubeidi MA

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The apparent decrease in the rate of approval of new molecular entities has provoked extensive discussion and fears that the productivity of biopharmaceutical research and development has severely declined in recent years. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the extent to which traditional measures of innovative outpu...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Berndt ER,Cockburn IM,Grépin KA

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the annual direct cost of managing erectile dysfunction (ED) to the UK National Health Service (NHS) and to examine the impact of the introduction of sildenafil in 1998 and Schedule 11 restrictions in 1999. DESIGN:A prevalence-based cost-of-illness approach was used. The period 1997 to 2000 was c...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Wilson EC,McKeen ES,Scuffham PA,Brown MC,Wylie K,Hackett G

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:National EQ-5D value sets are developed because preferences for health may vary in different populations. UK values are lower than US values for most of the 243 possible EQ-5D health states. Although similar protocols were used for data collection, analytic choices regarding how to model values from the coll...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Augestad LA,Rand-Hendriksen K,Kristiansen IS,Stavem K

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To obtain utility estimates suitable for use in economic models for chronic spontaneous (idiopathic) urticaria (CSU). METHODS:Patient-level data from three randomized clinical trials-ASTERIA I, ASTERIA II and GLACIAL-were analysed. Health states were derived from the Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days (UA...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Hawe E,McBride D,Balp MM,Tian H,Halliday A,Stull DE

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper analyses the 32 technology appraisals completed by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK from its establishment to the end of January 2002. It looks at why technologies have been rejected, what has happened to products reviewed at launch, evidence of rationing on cost-effectiveness...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Towse A,Pritchard C

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lack of a uniform costing methodology is often considered a weakness of economic evaluations that hinders the interpretation and comparison of studies. Standardisation is therefore an important topic within the methodology of economic evaluations and in national guidelines that formulate the formal requirements fo...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Oostenbrink JB,Koopmanschap MA,Rutten FF

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until a few years ago, griseofulvin and ketoconazole were the only 2 oral agents available for the treatment of dermatophyte onychomycosis of the toenails. With the availability of the newer antifungal agents, such as itraconazole, terbinafine and fluconazole, the armamentarium of drugs available to treat onychomycosi...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Gupta AK

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacoeconomic data may be obtained within the context of randomised clinical trials (RCTs) and from effectiveness studies in the 'real world'. The differences between the 2 types of study design have implications for the types of data that can be obtained and the interpretation of the resulting findings. Because RC...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Revicki DA,Frank L

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of granisetron in preventing acute nausea and vomiting during the 24 hours following chemotherapy in patients with cancer is equivalent to that of other serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (ondansetron and tropisetron) and similar to or greater than that of conventional antiemetic regimens such as metocl...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Plosker GL,Benfield P

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:International phase III studies (CHIB 201 and 352) showed that basiliximab, a high affinity chimeric monoclonal antibody interleukin-2 receptor antagonist, is highly effective in preventing acute rejection when used as immunoprophylaxis in patients receiving cyclosporin (Neoral). We conducted a cost evaluati...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Hasegawa T,Imai H,Miki S

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Given the policy relevance and growing volume of research measuring individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) for health-related goods and services, meta-analysis provides a potentially rich set of tools for answering key questions about this research area. In particular, when taken as a whole, what does the existing empi...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Van Houtven G

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In many healthcare systems, affordability concerns can lead to restrictions on the use of expensive efficacious therapies. However, there does not appear to be any consensus as to the terminology used to describe affordability, or the thresholds used to determine whether new drugs are affordable. OBJECTIVES...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Antoñanzas F,Terkola R,Overton PM,Shalet N,Postma M

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to establish the incidence of surgical amputation for critical leg ischaemia in New Zealand, and estimate the hospital, prostheses and indirect costs of this intervention. The cost of amputations was then compared with the cost of treating such patients with iloprost. The study was retr...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Scott HM,Scott WG

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the economic efficiency of meloxicam, a cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitor, versus diclofenac and piroxicam in the UK for the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis and the impact on the NHS budget of substituting nonselective NSAIDs with meloxicam. Methods and perspective: A decision an...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Tavakoli M

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Currently, the most important issue in US pharmaceutical policy is probably cost containment. Research into pharmaceutical issues should therefore concentrate on this area. Analysis of changing trends in pharmaceutical expenditures, particularly during the early 1990s, would be a useful starting point. Research into t...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Meyer PR

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacoeconomics of the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin in the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism have mostly been investigated in cost-effectiveness studies that estimated direct costs associated with treatment, using decision analyses and clinical outcome data from randomised con...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Bergqvist D

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Invasive fungal infections in neutropenic patients treated for haematological malignancies are associated with a high mortality rate and, therefore, require early treatment. As the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections is difficult, effective antifungal prophylaxis is desirable. So far, fluconazole has bee...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： de Vries R,Daenen S,Tolley K,Glasmacher A,Prentice A,Howells S,Christopherson H,de Jong-van den Berg LT,Postma MJ

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluated the cost of sequential treatment with once-daily ofloxacin or twice-daily ciprofloxacin in 474 hospitalised patients in different countries. The patients were treated intravenously for at least 3 days, then orally for 7 to 10 days or for 3 days beyond the disappearance of infection-related symptom...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Salewski E,Bassaris HP,Calangu S,Kitzes R,Kosmidis J,Raz R,Kompan L

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This tutorial presents practical guidance on transforming various types of information published in journals, or available online from government and other sources, into transition probabilities for use in state-transition models, including cost-effectiveness models. Much, but not all, of the guidance has been previou...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Gidwani R,Russell LB

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00