British HIV Association guidelines for prescribing antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy (1998).

Abstract:

:The aim of antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy is to deliver a healthy uninfected child to a healthy mother, without prejudicing the future treatment opportunities of the mother. The use of zidovudine monotherapy rapidly became standard practice once it had been shown to reduce by 67% mother to child transmission in women with CD4+ lymphocyte counts above 200 x 10(6)/l. High rates of transmission are seen when maternal disease is advanced (high viral load, low CD4+ lymphocyte counts) despite zidovudine. In these women highly active antiretroviral therapy gives the best prospect for prolonged health and it is anticipated that reducing plasma viral load below the limits of detection will further reduce transmission rates. However, safety data for antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy are limited and each additional treatment exposes a significant proportion of uninfected infants to potential long term hazards. Where maternal therapy is not indicated and the sole objective of treatment is to reduce mother to child transmission, recent data suggest that short course zidovudine (especially in conjunction with prelabour caesarean section) is a reasonable option. This may minimise the emergence of viruses with reduced sensitivity to zidovudine and preserve maternal options for later therapy.

journal_name

Sex Transm Infect

authors

Taylor GP,Lyall EG,Mercey D,Smith R,Chester T,Newell ML,Tudor-Williams G

doi

10.1136/sti.75.2.90

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-04-01 00:00:00

pages

90-7

issue

2

eissn

1368-4973

issn

1472-3263

journal_volume

75

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
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    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Biologically false positive (BFP) reactions are well described in early literature. However, only a few recent reports described the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with BFP reactions. We reviewed the serological test results of patients tested for syphilis in our hospital in the past deca...

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    authors: Ishihara Y,Okamoto K,Shimosaka H,Ono Y,Kanno Y,Ikeda M,Harada S,Kurano M,Okugawa S,Moriya K,Yatomi Y

    更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00

  • Determinants of HIV testing.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the characteristics of general practitioners (GPs) who test and patients who are tested for HIV in Australia. DESIGN AND SETTING:A secondary analysis of data from the Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health programme; a cross-sectional, national survey of GP activity. METHODS:We identified ...

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    doi:10.1136/sti.2011.049601

    authors: Sawleshwarkar S,Harrison C,Britt H,Mindel A

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Reductions in sexually transmitted infections associated with popular opinion leaders in China in a randomised controlled trial.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:A community level randomised controlled trial of a Community Popular Opinion Leader (C-POL) intervention to reduce bacterial and viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unprotected extramarital sex was carried out over 2 years in five countries. The main study results did not find significant interv...

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    doi:10.1136/sti.2010.046243

    authors: Rotheram-Borus MJ,Wu Z,Liang LJ,Li L,Detels R,Guan J,Yin Y,Swendeman D,NIMH Collaborative HIV\/STD Prevention Trial Group.

    更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00

  • Age at first anal sex and HIV/STI vulnerability among gay men in Australia.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether there is a link between age at first anal intercourse (AFAI) and gay men's HIV/sexually transmissible infection (STI) vulnerability, including tendencies to engage in higher risk sexual behaviour. METHODS:A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted online involving 845 Australian ...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2011-050253

    authors: Lyons A,Pitts M,Grierson J,Smith A,McNally S,Couch M

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • A double-edged sword: does highly active antiretroviral therapy contribute to syphilis incidence by impairing immunity to Treponema pallidum?

    abstract:BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS:Recently, the world has experienced a rapidly escalating outbreak of infectious syphilis primarily affecting men who have sex with men (MSM); many are taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV-1 infection. The prevailing hypothesis is that HAART availability and effectiveness...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2016-052870

    authors: Rekart ML,Ndifon W,Brunham RC,Dushoff J,Park SW,Rawat S,Cameron CE

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and performance of STI syndromes against aetiological diagnosis, in female sex workers of red light area in Surat, India.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To measure prevalence of selected sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV among female sex workers (SWs) in the red light area of Surat, India, and to evaluate the performance of STI syndrome guidelines (for general population women in India) in this group against the standard aetiological diagnosis of...

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    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.79.2.111

    authors: Desai VK,Kosambiya JK,Thakor HG,Umrigar DD,Khandwala BR,Bhuyan KK

    更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00

  • Do young women engage in greater sexual risk behaviour with biological fathers of their children?

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Qualitative research suggests that young women's relationships with the biological fathers of their children (BFRs), known colloquially as 'baby daddy' relationships, enable risk for pregnancy and STI/HIV. Our study compared partner characteristics and sexual risk within dyads based on BFR, among a sample of...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2015-052157

    authors: Decker MR,Chung SE,Ellen JM,Sherman SG

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Challenges and emerging opportunities for the HIV prevention, treatment and care cascade in men who have sex with men in Asia Pacific.

    abstract::In Asia Pacific, most countries have expanded HIV treatment guidelines to include all those with HIV infection and adopted antiretroviral treatment for prevention (TFP) as a blanket strategy for HIV control. Although the overall epidemic development associated with this focus is positive, the HIV epidemic in men who h...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2016-052669

    authors: van Griensven F,Guadamuz TE,de Lind van Wijngaarden JW,Phanuphak N,Solomon SS,Lo YR

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • The Spectrum projection package: improvements in estimating incidence by age and sex, mother-to-child transmission, HIV progression in children and double orphans.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The Spectrum program is used to estimate key HIV indicators from the trends in incidence and prevalence estimated by the Estimation and Projection Package or the Workbook. These indicators include the number of people living with HIV, new infections, AIDS deaths, AIDS orphans, the number of adults and childr...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

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    authors: Stover J,Johnson P,Hallett T,Marston M,Becquet R,Timaeus IM

    更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00

  • Sexual behaviour and early coitarche in a national sample of 17 year old Swedish girls.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate sexual behaviour in 17 year old girls, using data from a national survey on adolescent sexuality. METHOD:The study was based on two samples of 17 year olds, comprising 2% of the population born in 1973 and carried out in 1990. A school sample and a sample of school non-attenders were recruited in...

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    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.76.2.98

    authors: Edgardh K

    更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00

  • High yield of reinfections by home-based automatic rescreening of Chlamydia positives in a large-scale register-based screening programme and determinants of repeat infections.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:In a systematic internet-based Chlamydia Screening Implementation Programme in The Netherlands, all chlamydia-positive participants automatically received a testkit after 6 months to facilitate early detection of repeat infections. The authors describe participation in repeat testing and prevalence and det...

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    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2011-050455

    authors: Götz HM,van den Broek IV,Hoebe CJ,Brouwers EE,Pars LL,Fennema JS,Koekenbier RH,van Ravesteijn S,Op de Coul EL,van Bergen J

    更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00

  • STI epidemics in the Indian Ocean region: can the phase be assessed?

    abstract::The Indian Ocean provides a unique opportunity to curb the HIV epidemic in its nascent phase through strengthening STI control programmes. Making effective and appropriate health services available should be regarded as the first priority for STI control in the region and, whenever possible, core groups should be iden...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.78.suppl_1.i121

    authors: Matteelli A,Pizzocolo C,Bakar HA,Toyb M,Pyndiah N,Udonwa NE,Gedeon AG,Farina C,Caligaris S,Castelli F,Carosi G

    更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00

  • Validation of COBAS Taqman CT for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in vulvo-vaginal swabs.

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    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1136/sti.2007.029587

    authors: Skidmore S,Kaye M,Bayliss D,Devendra S

    更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00

  • Homosexual men's HIV related sexual risk behaviour in Scotland.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To date, the epidemic of HIV infection in Scotland has been primarily associated with injecting drug use. However, the epidemiology of HIV in Scotland changed in the late 1980s, with homosexual men becoming the largest group at risk of HIV infection and AIDS. Our aim was to describe homosexual men's sexual ri...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.75.4.242

    authors: Hart GJ,Flowers P,Der GJ,Frankis JS

    更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00

  • Anonymous partnerships among MSM and transgender women (TW) recently diagnosed with HIV and other STIs in Lima, Peru: an individual-level and dyad-level analysis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Partner notification (PN) following sexually transmitted disease (STI) diagnosis is a key strategy for controlling HIV/STI transmission. Anonymous partnerships are an important barrier to PN and often associated with high-risk sexual behaviour. Limited research has examined the profile of men who have sex wi...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2015-052310

    authors: Perez-Brumer AG,Oldenburg CE,Segura ER,Sanchez J,Lama JR,Clark JL

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • The application of qualitative research methods to the study of sexually transmitted infections.

    abstract::Qualitative methods have gained support in health sciences research and have a role to play in STI studies. This article reviews the main techniques used by qualitative researchers, with illustrations taken from the field of STIs. ...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1136/sti.78.2.87

    authors: Power R

    更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00

  • Emergent properties of HIV risk among injection drug users in Tallinn, Estonia: synthesis of individual and neighbourhood-level factors.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:HIV/AIDS risk is embodied within multiple levels including structural and social levels. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of neighbourhood characteristics on HIV prevalence among injection drug users (IDU) residing in the area of Tallinn, Estonia in 2007. METHODS:A cross-sectional, multilevel...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.2009.040212

    authors: Uusküla A,McMahon JM,Raag M,Silm S,Rüütel K,Talu A,Abel-Ollo K,Ahas R,Des Jarlais DC

    更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00

  • Sorting out the new HSV type specific antibody tests.

    abstract::This review will delineate performance characteristics and limitations, as far as they are known, of the new glycoprotein G based, type specific HSV serologies. Several of these tests have been FDA approved in the United States for use in adults. With the departure of Gull/Meridian from the HSV serology market, it is ...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1136/sti.77.4.232

    authors: Ashley RL

    更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00

  • The role of core groups in the emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant N gonorrhoeae.

    abstract::Core groups contain individuals who are regularly infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and are able to transmit their infection to a large number of sexual partners. Classical core groups, such as sex workers and their male partners, or men who have sex with men (MSM), have contributed to the emergence and spread of an...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2013-051020

    authors: Lewis DA

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • Prevalence and associations of recent physical intimate partner violence among women attending an Australian sexual health clinic.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The Sydney Sexual Health Centre in Australia uses a proforma tool to screen all new female clients for recent physical intimate partner violence (IPV). This study describes the prevalence and associations of recent physical IPV among women attending a sexual health clinic. METHOD:The clinic database was use...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.2010.043109

    authors: Lockart I,Ryder N,McNulty AM

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • Decreasing STD incidence and increasing condom use among Chinese sex workers following a short term intervention: a prospective cohort study.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the impact of a repeating behavioural intervention focused on preventive education and provision of STD testing and treatment services to female sex workers. METHODS:A prospective cohort study of 966 sex workers (first of its kind in China) was conducted in Guangzhou from March 1998 to October 19...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.78.2.110

    authors: Ma S,Dukers NH,van den Hoek A,Yuliang F,Zhiheng C,Jiangting F,Lina Z,Xiuxing Z

    更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00

  • Factors associated with lower knowledge of HIV and STI transmission, testing and treatment among MSM in Ireland: findings from the MSM Internet Survey Ireland (MISI) 2015.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Poor knowledge regarding STI and HIV transmission, testing and treatment among men who have sex with men (MSM) may be contributing to their disproportionate burden of STIs. However, factors which predispose MSM to having this low knowledge are less understood. AIM:The aim of this study was to identify facto...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2020-054469

    authors: Carey C,O'Donnell K,Davoren M,Quinlan M,Igoe D,Barrett P

    更新日期:2020-10-26 00:00:00

  • Association of Mycoplasma genitalium with balanoposthitis in men with non-gonococcal urethritis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether Mycoplasma genitalium is associated with balanitis and/or posthitis in a previous study of the role of M genitalium in men with acute non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). METHODS:In a previous study of men with acute NGU, the existence of balanitis and/or posthitis was recorded. Chlamydia tr...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.2010.044487

    authors: Horner PJ,Taylor-Robinson D

    更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00

  • From community to clients: the professionalisation of HIV prevention among gay men and its implications for intervention selection.

    abstract::Forces at work are described which encourage professionalisation and a reliance on one on one HIV prevention interventions among gay men. Community involvement is intrinsically linked to epidemic phases; when the threat diminishes, so does the community's ability to sustain community level interventions. The area of s...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.78.suppl_1.i176

    authors: Wohlfeiler D

    更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00

  • Herpes simplex virus specific T cell response in a cohort with primary genital infection correlates inversely with frequency of subsequent recurrences.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:During the last decades, a changing epidemiological pattern of genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection has emerged. Primary infection is now caused as often by HSV-1 as by HSV-2. Once established, HSV can be reactivated leading to recurrent mucocutaneous lesions as well as meningitis. Why some otherwise...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2016-052811

    authors: Franzen-Röhl E,Schepis D,Atterfelt F,Franck K,Wikström A,Liljeqvist JÅ,Bergström T,Aurelius E,Kärre K,Berg L,Gaines H

    更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00

  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and oropharyngeal HPV in ethnically diverse, sexually active adolescents: community-based cross-sectional study.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is the most common human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancer in the UK, but little is known about the prevalence of oropharyngeal HPV in sexually active teenagers. We investigated reported HPV vaccination coverage (in females) and prevalence of oropharyngeal HPV in se...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2020-054428

    authors: Kerry-Barnard S,Beddows S,Reid F,Beckley-Hoelscher N,Soldan K,Panwar K,Seran C,Fleming C,Lesniewska A,Planche T,Williamson J,Hay P,Oakeshott P

    更新日期:2020-09-03 00:00:00

  • Awareness of post-exposure HIV prophylaxis in high-risk men who have sex with men in New York City.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To understand the factors associated with knowledge of non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), bathhouse patrons in New York City (NYC) were surveyed. METHODS:554 men who have sex with men (MSM) at two NYC bathhouses were given a standardised survey focused on ...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.2010.046284

    authors: Mehta SA,Silvera R,Bernstein K,Holzman RS,Aberg JA,Daskalakis DC

    更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00

  • Improving our understanding of the disproportionate incidence of STIs in heterosexual-identifying people of black Caribbean heritage: findings from a longitudinal study of sexual health clinic attendees in England.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:In England, people of black minority ethnicities are at elevated risk of STI diagnosis, especially those of black Caribbean (BC) heritage. Understanding the factors that predict STI acquisition in this population is key to inform prevention measures. We examined the differences in predictors of incident STI d...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sextrans-2020-054784

    authors: Bardsley M,Wayal S,Blomquist P,Mohammed H,Mercer CH,Hughes G

    更新日期:2021-01-29 00:00:00

  • Markers of local immunity in cervico-vaginal secretions of HIV infected women: implications for HIV shedding.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To link local proinflammatory cytokines with HIV related nucleic acids in cervico-vaginal secretions and the factors associated with them. METHODS:An observational study on 60 HIV positive women attending the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, University of Pavia, Italy. HIV-1 RNA in plasma, proviral...

    journal_title:Sexually transmitted infections

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1136/sti.2003.005157

    authors: Zara F,Nappi RE,Brerra R,Migliavacca R,Maserati R,Spinillo A

    更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • Changes in sexual behaviour leading to the decline in the prevalence of HIV in Uganda: confirmation from multiple sources of evidence.

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    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究

    doi:10.1136/sti.2008.029892

    authors: Kirby D

    更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00