Urban/rural elderly health status differences: the dichotomy reexamined.

Abstract:

:Health policy research analyzes urban/rural differences as a simple dichotomy. Research characterizes the rural elderly as having a higher incidence of sickness, dysfunction, disability, restricted mobility, and acute and chronic conditions than their urban counterparts. However, population density as a dichotomy may obscure urban, rural, or urban/rural differences. Interviews measuring health status were conducted with a representative sample of 2,300 elderly people in six Northeastern Ohio counties constituting an urban/rural continuum. On medical condition, use of medical aids, and symptoms, health status improved significantly when moving from rural to urban, but correlations were small. Using dichotomies, urban elderly reported fewer medical conditions and symptoms than rural elderly, but four other health-status variables revealed no significant association and results differed depending on how dichotomies were defined. When individual communities were compared few urban/rural patterns emerged. Controlling for demographics did not change interpretations. Findings question blanket assertions about urban/rural health-status differences. Medical resources may be misallocated. Rather than assuming poor health status among the rural elderly, researchers must verify differences through community-based research.

journal_name

J Aging Soc Policy

authors

Gillanders WR,Buss TF,Hofstetter CR

doi

10.1300/j031v08n04_02

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1996-01-01 00:00:00

pages

7-24

issue

4

eissn

0895-9420

issn

1545-0821

journal_volume

8

pub_type

杂志文章
  • The generational equity debate: a progressive framing of a conservative issue.

    abstract::This article discusses the generational equity debate in the United States--including its origins and the functions it serves. This debate has emerged in the context of concerns over the aging of the population, budgetary crises, growing health care costs, increased poverty among children, growing economic inequality,...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1300/J031v05n03_03

    authors: Kingson ER,Williamson JB

    更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00

  • An exploration of older Hong Kong residents' willingness to make copayments toward vouchers for community care.

    abstract::Because of its rapidly aging population, Hong Kong faces great challenges in the provision and financing of long-term care (LTC) and needs to explore sustainable funding mechanisms. However, there is a paucity of research on older people's willingness to pay (WTP) for LTC services in Hong Kong. This study utilizes dat...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2018.1467157

    authors: Fu YY,Chui EW,Law CK,Zhao X,Lou VWQ

    更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00

  • The politics of aging: the geriatric imperative of the Department of Veterans Affairs.

    abstract::Committed "to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphans," the federal government through its veterans' programs has long been a pacesetter in meeting some of the income-security and health-care needs of older Americans. But the Department of Veterans Affairs is short of funds. Key ...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v03n03_04

    authors: Achenbaum WA

    更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00

  • Staffing-related deficiency citations in nursing homes.

    abstract::There is evidence that staffing characteristics influence quality of care in nursing homes. Federal and state surveyors conduct inspections of homes to assess their compliance with regulatory standards, including requirements related to staffing. Deficiency citations are issued when these standards are not met. This a...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2012.705696

    authors: McDonald SM,Wagner LM,Castle NG

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Toward an equitable, universal caregiver policy: the potential of financial supports for family caregivers.

    abstract::This article describes the fragmented array of financial supports for family caregivers currently provided by the federal government, the states, and private employers-provisions that range from direct payments to tax allowances, dependent-care tax credits, and unpaid leave. It highlights the uneven pattern of support...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v06n01_05

    authors: Stone RI,Keigher SM

    更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00

  • Demographic and socioeconomic aspects of elderly migration in the 1980s.

    abstract::The availability of data from the Current Population Survey for each year makes it possible to monitor the migration behavior of the population on a year-to-year basis and facilitates efforts to detect changes in long-standing patterns of behavior. The data used in this article come from the published reports summariz...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v08n01_04

    authors: Serow WJ

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Decreased Contribution Rates Increase Public Pension Fund Revenue: Evidence from China.

    abstract::The basic pension plan for urban enterprise workers (PPUEW) is the primary form of public pension system in China and is managed by provincial governments. Although the federal government requires that employers contribute 20% and individuals 8%, provincial governments have the right to adjust the rate. As different r...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2019.1707056

    authors: Han J PhD,Meng Y PhD

    更新日期:2019-12-24 00:00:00

  • Social protection for retirees: the diminishing role of employers.

    abstract::Jobs are changing in ways that will reduce benefits for retirees. This paper explores the variety of pressures that will tend to produce this result. One major factor is that employers have been responding to cost pressures and the need for flexibility by redesigning jobs. There has been a trend--which is likely to co...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v03n01_04

    authors: Friedman BL

    更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00

  • Long-term care policy and financing as a public or private matter in the United States.

    abstract::Effective approaches to assure adequate resources, infrastructure, and broad societal support to address chronic care needs are volatile and potentially unpopular issues that can result in many losers (those getting far less than they want) and few winners (those who gain access to scarce societal resources for care)....

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/j031v13n02_04

    authors: Yee DL

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Recent developments in aged care policy in Australia.

    abstract::A series of major reforms implemented through the mid 1980s sought to contain residential care and expand community care in Australia's long-term care system. While this goal has been maintained, a number of new policy initiatives followed the change of federal government in 1996. This article presents a systematic ac...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/j031v13n02_08

    authors: Howe AL

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Implications of the Social Security amendments of 1983 for older blacks.

    abstract::The 1983 amendments to the Social Security Act reduced early retirements benefits and increased the retirement age for future retirees. These changes will differentially affect various segments of the older population. The author examines implications of these changes for older blacks, and concludes that disability an...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/j031v05n04_02

    authors: Luckey I

    更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00

  • Are baby boomers who care for their older parents planning for their own future long-term care needs?

    abstract::A rapidly expanding number of baby boomers provide care to aging parents. This study examines associations between caregiver status and outcomes related to awareness and anticipation of future long-term care (LTC) needs using 2007 Connecticut Long-Term Care Needs Assessment survey data. Baby boomers who were adult chi...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2012.630905

    authors: Finkelstein ES,Reid MC,Kleppinger A,Pillemer K,Robison J

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Constructing deservingness: federal welfare reform, supplemental security income, and elderly immigrants.

    abstract::On August 22, 1996, President Clinton signed the welfare reform law that ended eligibility for all immigrants to federal means tested entitlements. Poor elderly immigrants on Supplemental Security Income were specifically targeted. This article documents how the print media responded to these policy changes. The follo...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/j031v13n04_02

    authors: Yoo GJ

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Policy and research issues for small assisted living facilities.

    abstract::Dramatic growth in Assisted Living (AL) has resulted in increasing research and policy interest. This analysis compares smaller and larger AL facilities in four states to determine whether extant measures of four key concepts, used to distinguish the AL sector, give advantage to larger facilities. Quantitative compari...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v16n04_01

    authors: Morgan LA,Eckert JK,Gruber-Baldini AL,Zimmerman S

    更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00

  • A global perspective on social security programs for the aged.

    abstract::The social security programs that have become widely established in countries around the globe vary greatly in their design features. The difference among the programs invites questions regarding the relative strength of their designs. One hundred and sixty-four programs are assessed on three design dimensions: benefi...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/j031v11n01_04

    authors: Dixon J

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • An international review of the long-term care workforce: policies and shortages.

    abstract::The developed world's population is aging, due to trends of increased life expectancies and decreased fertility rates. These trends are predicted to increase demand on long-term care services. At the same time, the long-term care workforce is in shortage in most of the developed world. Moreover, such shortages are exp...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v17n04_05

    authors: Hussein S,Manthorpe J

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • Land of the free, home of the brave: voting accommodations for older adults.

    abstract::Voting is a fundamental right for all United States citizens, one that usually continues for elderly people as long as they are alive. As adults age, certain issues regarding voting warrant deeper consideration than in previous years, especially those presenting as a result of impaired sight, hearing difficulty, demen...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420902739170

    authors: McEldowney R,Teaster PB

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • A limited entitlement for community care: how members use services.

    abstract::The goal of this paper is to show how members of three Social HMOs use a limited entitlement for community-based long-term care to meet their needs and solve their problems. The paper is based on in-home interviews with 48 aged Medicare beneficiaries who joined Social HMOs and are eligible for the entitlement. Members...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v12n03_03

    authors: Leutz WN,Capitman J,Green CA

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Inequality of pension arrangements among different segments of the labor force in China.

    abstract::Social security for older people in China today has been established institutionally. However, there are substantial problems such as coverage, affordability, fund management, and corruption. This paper aims to provide a general picture of China's social security system for older people and to argue that the inequalit...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2012.735159

    authors: Wu L

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Unclaimed Defined Benefit Pensions Can Help COVID-19 Economic Recovery.

    abstract::The COVID-19 economic crisis makes it vitally important that workers who earned defined benefit pensions receive them at retirement. Unfortunately, billions of dollars that could help cushion the financial shock are sitting unclaimed, because the people who they belong to cannot locate the company responsible for payi...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2020.1777826

    authors: Tabor AM

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Health status and health care services among older persons in India.

    abstract::India is characterized by significant rural-based living, population heterogeneity, financial constraints, and reverse sex ratio. Traditions of joint families, life-long physical activity, vegetarianism, and social and spiritual enrichment, all known to promote healthy aging, are widely prevalent. With the increasing ...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v15n02_05

    authors: Kumar V

    更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00

  • Designing home care benefits: the range of options and experience.

    abstract::This article presents a framework identifying important home care benefit design decisions and reviews existing designs that have been adopted in practice. Four basic designs were identified, based on a review of 55 home care benefits drawn from public programs in the United States and foreign countries, and from priv...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1300/J031v07n03_08

    authors: Freedman VA,Kemper P

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • The Role of Nutrition and Literacy on the Cognitive Functioning of Elderly Poor Individuals.

    abstract::Maintaining cognitive function is a prerequisite of living independently, which is a highly valued component in older individuals' well-being. In this article we assess the role of early-life and later-life nutritional status, education, and literacy on the cognitive functioning of older adults living in poverty in Pe...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2018.1485390

    authors: Leist AK,Novella R,Olivera J

    更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00

  • Challenges Experienced at Age 100: Findings From the Fordham Centenarian Study.

    abstract::This article examines the challenges experienced by very old individuals and their consequences for well-being and mental health. In order to capture unique issues experienced in very old age, 75 participants of the population-based Fordham Centenarian Study answered open-ended questions on everyday challenges. Theme-...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2016.1163652

    authors: Jopp DS,Boerner K,Cimarolli V,Hicks S,Mirpuri S,Paggi M,Cavanagh A,Kennedy E

    更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00

  • Commentary: the forgotten older adult with serious mental illness: the final challenge in achieving the promise of Olmstead?

    abstract::Older adults with serious mental illness disproportionately reside in nursing homes despite the U.S. Supreme Court Olmstead decision supporting the rights of persons with disabilities to benefit from integrated services in the community. This commentary addresses the neglected policy debate on implementing Olmstead fo...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2011.579497

    authors: Bartels SJ

    更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00

  • Cognitive Impairment and Social Security's Representative Payee Program.

    abstract::Social Security's Representative Payee Program faces a difficult balance with respect to dementia: Many people living with dementia can conduct their finances without a payee if they have help from informal caregivers, but those without help are at risk. To date, it has been unclear what share of retirees with dementi...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420.2018.1444315

    authors: Belbase A,Sanzenbacher GT,King SE

    更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00

  • Social Security reform: implications for women.

    abstract::Despite recent economic gains for women, a substantial gender gap in financial security during old age remains, making women more dependent than men upon Social Security. Social Security plays an important role in providing for women's economic security. The implications for women of several proposed changes in Social...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1300/J031v11n04_05

    authors: Williamson JB,Rix SE

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Possibilities for change toward universal design: Japanese housing policy for seniors at the crossroads.

    abstract::Japanese government policies for seniors have long assumed that informal care by their families exists for them. The rapid aging of Japan is eroding the basis for this assumption. It is now necessary to include barrier-free design concepts in the basic requirements for dwellings to be used by everyone, not just senior...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1300/J031v08n02_11

    authors: Kose S

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • The failed Patient Self-Determination Act and policy alternatives for the right to die.

    abstract::The empirical evidence regarding the implementation and impact of the federal Patient Self-Determination Act is examined in this article. The Act was designed to increase the use of advance medical directives in light of the U.S. Supreme Court's Cruzan decision. Research shows that the law has had little effect and th...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1300/j031v09n04_03

    authors: Yates JL,Glick HR

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00

  • Least restrictive or least understood? Waist restraints, provider practices, and risk of harm.

    abstract::Since implementation of The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, restraint use in American nursing homes has reduced dramatically. The reduction in vest restraints has resulted in an increase in "least restrictive" devices such as waist restraints. Although this analysis of U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adve...

    journal_title:Journal of aging & social policy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1080/08959420802050967

    authors: Capezuti E,Brush BL,Won RM,Wagner LM,Lawson WT

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00