Economic aspects of general anaesthesia.

abstract：:The aim of this article was to perform a detailed methodological review of models used to estimate the cost effectiveness of drug treatment regimens for HIV infection in Europe and North America and assess the relationship between the different modeling approaches or key structural assumptions and the results. Electro...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Mauskopf J

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to estimate the direct and indirect costs of alcoholism in the Federal Republic of Germany. Direct costs comprised treatment costs, while indirect costs consisted mainly of costs incurred as a result of work time lost, as well as costs related to premature retirement and premature mortali...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Brecht JG,Poldrugo F,Schädlich PK

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There are few empirical studies on the valuation of health profiles that describe the short-term fluctuations of chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to value chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) health profiles, which describe the health of these patients over the course of 1 year from a so...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Rutten-van Mölken MP,Hoogendoorn M,Lamers LM

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we consider the evolving American healthcare landscape and what it means for the use of economic evaluation of health interventions. We emphasise that use of economic evaluation in the US is unlikely to follow the European, Canadian or Australian models, which use cost effectiveness openly and explicitly...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Neumann PJ,Sullivan SD

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have defined the effect and acceptability of a locally developed general practice programme for the modification of prescribing. This voluntary programme consisted of prescription analysis and feedback, followed by visits from a pharmacist, a therapeutic bulletin on benzodiazepine prescribing, and use of a locally ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Ferguson RI,Salmond CE,Maling TJ

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this article is to review the literature related to economic outcomes associated with treating allergic rhinitis. A literature review was conducted using 'Medline' and the in-house database of the publishers of this journal for articles published between January 1991 and January 1996. Only 3 cost-outcom...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Kozma CM,Sadik MK,Watrous ML

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pharmaceutical policy reform is currently one of the primary areas of health reform in China. The national pharmaceutical policy of China has multiple objectives: to develop the domestic pharmaceutical industry and encourage innovation, to control escalation of total pharmaceutical expenditures (TPE) which c...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Shi L,Yang HY,Cheng G,Meng Q

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As part of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's (NICE) Single Technology Appraisal (STA) process, ruxolitinib was assessed to determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of its use in the treatment of disease-related splenomegaly or symptoms in adults with myelofibrosis. Ruxolitinib had previously...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Wade R,Hodgson R,Biswas M,Harden M,Woolacott N

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper analyses the 32 technology appraisals completed by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK from its establishment to the end of January 2002. It looks at why technologies have been rejected, what has happened to products reviewed at launch, evidence of rationing on cost-effectiveness...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Towse A,Pritchard C

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to identify, among the information routinely collected on patients in intensive care units (ICUs), data that determine the total cost for a given patient. DESIGN:We developed a model that could help physicians in medical ICUs to estimate the cost of care for their patients when no cost data...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Chaix C,Durand-Zaleski I,Alberti C,Brun-Buisson C

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common diagnosis and care of CAP is responsible for significant healthcare expenditures, the majority of which are for patients who require hospitalisation. Studies have shown that significant variation exists among institutions with respect to antibacterial costs and length of ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Brown PD

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Before the new round of healthcare reform in China, primary healthcare providers could obtain a fixed 15 % or greater mark-up of profits by prescribing and selling medicines. There were concerns that this perverse incentive was a key cause of irrational medicine use. China's new Essential Medicines Program (...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Chen M,Wang L,Chen W,Zhang L,Jiang H,Mao W

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The manufacturer of olaratumab (Lartruvo®), Eli Lilly & Company Limited, submitted evidence for the clinical and cost effectiveness of this drug, in combination with doxorubicin, for untreated advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) not amenable to surgery or radiotherapy, as part of the National Institute for Health and C...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Tikhonova IA,Jones-Hughes T,Dunham J,Warren FC,Robinson S,Stephens P,Hoyle M

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study is to describe a refinement of a previously presented method, based on the concept of point sensitivity, to deal with uncertainty in economic studies. DESIGN:The original method was refined by the incorporation of probability distributions which allow a more accurate assessment o...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Nuijten MJ

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bipolar disorder has a significant impact upon a patient's quality of life, imposing a considerable economic burden on the individual, family members and society as a whole. Several medications are indicated for the acute treatment of mania and depression associated with bipolar disorder as well as for maint...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Ekman M,Lindgren P,Miltenburger C,Meier G,Locklear JC,Chatterton ML

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This tutorial presents practical guidance on transforming various types of information published in journals, or available online from government and other sources, into transition probabilities for use in state-transition models, including cost-effectiveness models. Much, but not all, of the guidance has been previou...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Gidwani R,Russell LB

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the Netherlands, decisions about the reimbursement of new pharmaceuticals are based on cost effectiveness, as well as therapeutic value and budget impact. Since 1 January 2005, drug manufacturers are formally required to substantiate the cost effectiveness of drugs that have therapeutic added value in com...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Hoomans T,Severens JL,van der Roer N,Delwel GO

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Health economic evaluation is a framework for the comparative analysis of the incremental health gains and costs associated with competing decision alternatives. The process of developing health economic models is usually complex, financially expensive and time-consuming. For these reasons, model development is someti...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Bermejo I,Tappenden P,Youn JH

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Given the association between CD4 cell counts and HIV-related morbidity/mortality, new antiretroviral therapies could potentially lower the direct costs of HIV care by raising CD4 cell counts. OBJECTIVES:To predict the effects of the ritonavir-boosted, HIV protease inhibitor (PI) darunavir on the direct cos...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Hill AM,Gebo K,Hemmett L,Löthgren M,Allegri G,Smets E

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Randomized controlled trials provide unbiased estimates of treatment effect through reducing the attribution of observed differences in outcome to the play of chance or the treatment of interest. Issues in the design of randomized trials may lead to a dilution or magnification of treatment effect when compared with cl...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Freemantle N,Hessel F

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cost-effectiveness analyses worldwide assume that the price of any single drug increases with inflation. New guidance from the Pharmaceutical Management Agency in New Zealand suggests that, when it is known that a generic drug will be available in the near future, a best estimate of the lower price of the ge...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Hoyle M

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the relative cost effectiveness of topical calcipotriol and short-contact dithranol in the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis. DESIGN AND SETTING:This was a modelling study from the perspective of the UK National Health Service as payer. METHODS:The interventions were compared using 2...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Ashcroft DM,Li Wan Po A,Williams HC,Griffiths CE

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vaccination is an underutilised, low cost and effective method of preventing illness. Cost-effectiveness analysis discloses a beneficial role of influenza vaccination in preventing illness especially in patients over 65 years of age and in high risk patients. In one large study, when 150 million doses of influenza v...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Perez-Tirse J,Gross PA

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia is a devastating and costly illness that affects 1% of the population in the US. Effective pharmacological therapies are available but suboptimal patient adherence to either acute or long-term therapeutic regimens reduces their effectiveness. The availability of a long-acting injection (LAI) fo...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Edwards NC,Rupnow MF,Pashos CL,Botteman MF,Diamond RJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of health-related QOL (HR-QOL) measures specifically designed for people with diabetes mellitus have appeared in the literature. This article provides a selective review of 12 measures that address this important construct. For each included study, a description of the measure and its development phase is pro...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Watkins K,Connell CM

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of granisetron in preventing acute nausea and vomiting during the 24 hours following chemotherapy in patients with cancer is equivalent to that of other serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (ondansetron and tropisetron) and similar to or greater than that of conventional antiemetic regimens such as metocl...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Plosker GL,Benfield P

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In today's environment, the demand for efficient healthcare resource allocation is increasing. As new technologies become available, allocation decisions become more complex and tools to assist decision makers in determining efficient allocations of healthcare resources are encouraged. Mathematical programs have multi...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Earnshaw SR,Dennett SL

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several vaccine and antibody candidates are currently in development for the prevention of lower respiratory tract infections caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). METHODS:We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and SCOPUS and included model-based evaluations of RSV vaccinations. Two reviewers performed the...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Treskova M,Pozo-Martin F,Scholz S,Schönfeld V,Wichmann O,Harder T

更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Pharmacoeconomics identifies, measures, and compares the costs and consequences of pharmaceutical products and services. The cost effectiveness of a pharmacotherapy in a particular indication depends on the molecular configuration of the drug, its safety and efficacy, and local market factors such as the acquisition ...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Milne RJ

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:This study assesses if, and how, existing methods for economic evaluation are applicable to the evaluation of personalized medicine (PM) and, if not, where extension to methods may be required. METHODS:A structured workshop was held with a predefined group of experts (n = 47), and was run using a modified nomi...

journal_title：PharmacoEconomics

authors： Rogowski W,Payne K,Schnell-Inderst P,Manca A,Rochau U,Jahn B,Alagoz O,Leidl R,Siebert U

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00