The fluid and crystallized abilities of white, black, and Hispanic adolescents and adults, both with and without an education covariate.

Abstract:

:Data from the standardization sample of the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test (KAIT) were used to examine race/ethnic differences on the Horn-Cattell fluid and crystallized constructs. Samples included 768 individuals aged 11 to 24 years (575 White, 117 Black, 76 Hispanic) and 1,160 individuals aged 25 to 94 years (972 White, 124 Black, 64 Hispanic). Multivariate and univariate analyses were conducted, with and without an educational attainment covariate. Race/ethnic group was related significantly to performance on fluid and crystallized variables. Whites generally outscored Blacks and Hispanic on the diverse measures, namely, on tasks dependent on school learning (crystallized), and on those that reflect novel problem solving (fluid). These results maintained even with educational attainment covaried. Hispanics tended to perform better on fluid than on crystallized tests.

journal_name

J Clin Psychol

authors

Kaufman AS,McLean JE,Kaufman JC

doi

10.1002/1097-4679(199509)51:5<636::aid-jclp2270510

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1995-09-01 00:00:00

pages

636-47

issue

5

eissn

0021-9762

issn

1097-4679

journal_volume

51

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Previewing: a developmental principle that promotes the therapeutic use of metaphor.

    abstract::When one is treating mother-infant dyads psychotherapeutically, the infant's inchoate language skills render the traditional use of metaphor ineffective. This paper discusses how a developmental principle, labeled previewing, may function like a metaphor and be used to address the therapeutic needs of the dyad. Previe...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199303)49:2<261::aid-jclp2270490

    authors: Trad PV

    更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00

  • Anger, aggression, and self-harm in PTSD and complex PTSD.

    abstract::This study examined the contribution of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis and symptomatology to the difficulties of anger, aggression, and self-harm in a Northern Ireland clinical community sample. A "current complex PTSD" (CCPTSD) group (n=11) was compared with a "current PTSD" group (n=31) on se...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jclp.20619

    authors: Dyer KF,Dorahy MJ,Hamilton G,Corry M,Shannon M,MacSherry A,McRobert G,Elder R,McElhill B

    更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • Using the CORE-R battery in group psychotherapy.

    abstract::This article applies and illustrates the American Group Psychotherapy Association (AGPA) revised CORE battery to daily practice. The CORE can assist practitioners in periodically or continuously monitoring outcome and process factors to determine patient status (e.g., improved, deteriorated, or no change), and rupture...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jclp.20535

    authors: Strauss B,Burlingame GM,Bormann B

    更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00

  • Development of a measure that integrates positive and negative affect and personality: the Comprehensive Personality and Affect Scales.

    abstract::The development, reliability and validity of a new measure of personality and affect, the Comprehensive Personality and Affect Scales (COPAS) was investigated in three studies of college students. In study 1, the factor structure of personality, negative affect, and positive affect was assessed, with five-factors foun...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jclp.10042

    authors: Lubin B,Van Whitlock R

    更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00

  • Collaboration in psychopharmacotherapy.

    abstract::Collaboration in pharmacotherapy implies a professional willing to prescribe an effective medication and a patient willing to adhere to the therapeutic regimen in order for both to achieve their common goal. This relationship requires trust in the relationship, collaboration in goal setting, and effective means for pr...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jclp.21836

    authors: Simos G

    更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00

  • Online counseling: a narrative and critical review of the literature.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:This article aimed to critically review the literature on online counseling. METHOD:Database and hand-searches were made using search terms and eligibility criteria, yielding a total of 123 studies. RESULTS:The review begins with what characterizes online counseling. Outcome and process research in online c...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/jclp.21974

    authors: Richards D,Viganó N

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Masculinity-femininity scale of the MMPI and intellectual functioning of female addicts.

    abstract::In a group of 85 female chronic alcoholics and other addicts, scores on the Raven's Matrices and on a multiple-choice version of WAIS Vocabulary were found unrelated to the 13 standard and 4 MMPI research scales and 3 MMPI indices (average profile elevation, average elevations of the neurotic and the psychotic triad) ...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Cernovsky Z

    更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00

  • Components of risk factor change in a CHD intervention program.

    abstract::Carried out a study on a sample of men (N = 652) at high risk or coronary heart disease (CHD) in order to note the dimensions of change for the risk factors of smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, selected intervention and psychosocial variables. The principal components analyses revealed a multi-dimensional structur...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198101)37:1<61::aid-jclp22703701

    authors: Benfari RC,Eaker E,Reed R,McIntyre KM

    更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00

  • A self-applied, Internet-based intervention for fear of public speaking.

    abstract::The aim of this article is to introduce, illustrate, and present effectiveness data on a new telepsychology program for the treatment of fear of public speaking. The Talk to Me program is an Internet-based self-applied intervention that has several components, including a diagnostic assessment, a structured treatment,...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jclp.20040

    authors: Botella C,Hofmann SG,Moscovitch DA

    更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in teens and adults: they don't all outgrow it.

    abstract::Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been long recognized and well established in children, but its continuation into adulthood has only recently been supported by the research. ADHD symptoms and concerns typically appear differently in adults, but treatment options, conceptually at least, are similar t...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jclp.20117

    authors: Resnick RJ

    更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00

  • Gratitude as a psychotherapeutic intervention.

    abstract::Gratitude practice can be a catalyzing and relational healing force, often untapped in clinical practice. In this article, we provide an overview of current thinking about gratitude's defining and beneficial properties, followed by a brief review of the research on mental health outcomes that result from gratitude pra...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jclp.22020

    authors: Emmons RA,Stern R

    更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanisms of change in mentalization-based treatment of BPD.

    abstract::There are very few less contentious issues than the role of attachment in psychotherapy. Concepts such as the therapeutic alliance speak directly to the importance of activating the attachment system, normally in relation to the therapist in individual therapy and in relation to other family members in family-based in...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/jclp.20241

    authors: Fonagy P,Bateman AW

    更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00

  • Modification of the Beck Depression Inventory for use with a deaf population.

    abstract::Research on depression in deaf individuals has been hampered by difficulties in assessment that result from the linguistic problems many deaf persons have with the English language. We report preliminary psychometric data on a modification of the Beck Depression Inventory in which it was simplified linguistically for ...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198809)44:5<728::aid-jclp2270440

    authors: Leigh IW,Robins CJ,Welkowitz J

    更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00

  • Global assessment of functioning (GAF) ratings: determinants and role as predictors of one-year treatment outcomes.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the adequacy of global ratings of patients' psychosocial functioning, which are an integral part of the current system for obtaining multidimensional psychiatric diagnoses and are embodied by the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale as AXIS V of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Menta...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(200004)56:4<449::aid-jclp1

    authors: Moos RH,McCoy L,Moos BS

    更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00

  • Development and validation of an automatic treatment referral system.

    abstract::The alcoholism literature abounds with reports of the alcoholic personality and alcoholic subtypes. However, very minimal research on the relationship between the subtypes and treatment procedures is available. With the power of computer technology now accessible so readily, it is possible to apply sophisticated stati...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198405)40:3<842::aid-jclp2270400

    authors: Alfano AM,Thurstin AH,Bancroft W Jr,Haygood JM,Sherer TM

    更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00

  • Retention and outcome in a narcotic antagonist treatment program.

    abstract::Investigations of outpatient narcotic antagonist programs have found high attribution rates when compared to such modalities as methadone. Moreover, outcome studies generally are lacking. The present study followed 50 patients through their course of treatment at an outpatient clinic of the Nassau County Department of...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198609)42:5<825::aid-jclp2270420

    authors: Capone T,Brahen L,Condren R,Kordal N,Melchionda R,Peterson M

    更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00

  • A longitudinal evaluation of the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD in detecting war-related stress symptomatology.

    abstract::The long-term psychological effects of war-related stress were assessed 3 years after the Persian Gulf War with the Mississippi Scale for Desert Storm War Zone Personnel (M-PTSD-DS), developed from the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD (M-PTSD: Keane, Caddell, Taylor, 1988). The M-PTSD-DS scores of 30 Marine r...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(199812)54:8<1085::aid-jclp

    authors: Sloan P,Arsenault L,Hilsenroth MJ

    更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00

  • Test of MCMI black norms for five scales.

    abstract::A 2 x 2 x 2 MANOVA was used to analyze the effects of race (Black vs. White), education (high school graduate vs. less than high school education), and diagnosis (schizophrenic vs. nonschizophrenic) on the MCMI Asocial, Avoidant, Schizotypal, Psychotic Thinking, and Psychotic Delusions scales that were obtained from 3...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199003)46:2<175::aid-jclp2270460

    authors: Davis WE,Greenblatt RL,Pochyly JM

    更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00

  • MMPI-2 profiles of adult children of alcoholics.

    abstract::This study compared 69 adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) with 30 control college students on scales from the revised MMPI (MMPI-2). ACOA subjects could be differentiated from control subjects on several MMPI-2 scales and two-scale profiles, many of which differentiate alcoholic from nonalcoholic samples. However, t...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199405)50:3<446::aid-jclp2270500

    authors: Coleman FL,Frick PJ

    更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00

  • A refined neurobehavioral inventory of hemispheric preference.

    abstract::With the advent and rapid growth of neuropsychology has come the need for reliable and valid measures of neuropsychological behaviors. The inventory described in this article measures neurobehavioral preference based on theoretical assumptions and previous research findings in the field, such as brain localization and...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198509)41:5<671::aid-jclp2270410

    authors: Wagner RF,Wells KA

    更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00

  • Behavioral treatment for depression: an evaluation of therapeutic components.

    abstract::Designed study to determine the "active ingredients" in Lewinsohn's behavioral treatment for depression. Fifty-six men and women were screened for significant depression and were assigned to four experimental treatment groups: (1) an activities-increase group instructed to increment participation in reinforcing activi...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197901)35:1<166::aid-jclp2270350

    authors: Turner RW,Ward MF,Turner DJ

    更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00

  • Dialectical behavior therapy for comorbid personality disorders.

    abstract::Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) was originally designed as a treatment of emotionally dysregulated, impulsive, and dramatic disorders (e.g., borderline personality disorder) and populations (e.g., parasuicidal women). However, a number of complex disorders represent the dialectical opposite of BPD and related disor...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/jclp.20449

    authors: Lynch TR,Cheavens JS

    更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00

  • Neuropsychological impairment scale (NIS): initial validation study using trailmaking test (A & B) and WAIS digit symbol (scaled score) in a mixed grouping of psychiatric, neurological, and normal patients.

    abstract::Described a 50-item, self-administered neuropsychological screening test with test results correlating with three reference measures for three participant groupings--Normals (N = 22), Psychiatric patients (N = 21) and Neurological patients (N = 14). Results suggest that neuropsychological self-description can correlat...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198309)39:5<746::aid-jclp2270390

    authors: O'Donnell WE,Reynolds DM,De Soto CB

    更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00

  • Personality correlates and degree of impairment in male adolescents with progressive and nonprogressive physical disorders.

    abstract::Investigated the personality profiles (MMPI) of 44 adolescents with progressive (Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy) and nonprogressive (mixed orthopedic) physical impairment to determine the relationship among personality correlates, disability type, functional level of impairment, and rapidity of decline in those with prog...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198311)39:6<859::aid-jclp2270390

    authors: Harper DC

    更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00

  • Relationships among clinical and validity scales of the Basic Personality Inventory.

    abstract::In interpreting the results of a self-report inventory it is important to evaluate the extent to which stylistic distortion may have been operative. This task is complicated because validity measures frequently are confounded with content measures. In order to evaluate the potential utility of the validity measures fo...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199407)50:4<522::aid-jclp2270500

    authors: Kroner DG,Reddon JR

    更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00

  • Reliability of the Koppitz scoring system for the Bender Gestalt Test.

    abstract::This study investigated the test-retest reliability of the Koppitz scoring system with Bender Gestalt protocols of adult retardates. Results of a sample of 74 adult retardates yielded a correlation of .80 over an interval of 8 to 146 months. A directional measure of change between error scores on the first and second ...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197604)32:2<468::aid-jclp2270320

    authors: Hustak TL,Dinning WD,Andert JN

    更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00

  • The prevalence of borderline personality symptomatology among women with eating disorders.

    abstract::This study assessed the prevalence of borderline personality symptomatology among women with eating disorders. The Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, and Borderline Syndrome Index were administered to 28 women in a hospital-based eating disorders program. Results revealed that ...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198907)45:4<603::aid-jclp2270450

    authors: Sansone RA,Fine MA,Seuferer S,Bovenzi J

    更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00

  • The effects of self-administered cognitive therapy on social-evaluative anxiety.

    abstract::Investigated the efficacy of self-administered cognitive therapy (RET) in the treatment of high and chronic social anxiety. Forty-five socially anxious volunteer students, who scored in the upper 15% of 570 students prescreened with the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, were matched on SAD scores and randomly assig...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198309)39:5<658::aid-jclp2270390

    authors: Schelver SR,Gutsch KU

    更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00

  • Patient requests: correlates and therapeutic implications for Hispanic, black, and Caucasian patients.

    abstract::A patient's reason for coming to a psychiatric outpatient clinic (his/her request for service) should be the focal point as a therapist develops an appropriate therapeutic plan for that patient. Data have been collected on 173 Hispanic, Black and Caucasian patients with regard to their reasons for coming to the clinic...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198601)42:1<213::aid-jclp2270420

    authors: Evans LA,Acosta FX,Yamamoto J,Hurwicz ML

    更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00

  • Further factor-analytic investigation of the Thorne femininity study.

    abstract::The responses of 512 undergraduate women to 198 items of the Thorne Femininity Study were factor analyzed in order to isolate the dimensions of femininity represented among the items of this instrument. The procedure used isolated 11 orthogonal factors that accounted for 21.1% of the total variance. Three additional s...

    journal_title:Journal of clinical psychology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197701)33:1+<24::aid-jclp2270330

    authors: Posavac EJ,Walker RE,Foley JM,Sannito T

    更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00