Abstract:
:The titer of the scrapie agent was determined by measurements of time intervals from inoculation to onset of illness and from inoculation to death. Both intervals were found to be inversely proportional to the size of the dose injected intracerebrally into random-bred weanling Syrian hamsters. The logarithms of the time intervals minus a time factor were linear functions of the logarithm of the inoculum size. The time factors were determined by regression analysis in order to maximize these linear relationships. An equation relating the titer of the inoculum to the dilution of the sample and the length of the time intervals was developed. This equation facilitates the use of a computerized data base. Validation of these relationships was provided by comparing samples for which the agent was measured both by end-point titration and by time interval assay. Agreement between the two methods was generally within +/-0.5 log10 median infective dose units. No differences between the molecular properties of the agents from hamster and murine sources were observed using primarily the incubation time interval method with the former and end-point titration with the latter. The advantages of this new approach based on time interval measurements are considerable with respect to time and resources.
journal_name
Ann Neuroljournal_title
Annals of neurologyauthors
Prusiner SB,Cochran SP,Groth DF,Downey DE,Bowman KA,Martinez HMdoi
10.1002/ana.410110406subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-04-01 00:00:00pages
353-8issue
4eissn
0364-5134issn
1531-8249journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently have selective depletion of the CD45R+CD4+ T-cell subset during active phases of disease. To study the relationship between changes in this subset and the onset of objective clinical exacerbations of disease, a longitudinal study was undertaken. Two CD4+ T-cell subsets ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410240204
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Intracellular amyloid β-protein (Aβ) contributes to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease (AD). Apomorphine (APO) is a dopamine receptor agonist for Parkinson disease and also protects against oxidative stress. Efficacy of APO for an AD mouse model and effects of APO on cell cultures are studied. METHODS:Th...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.22319
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is responsible for a huge and growing health care burden in the developed and developing world. The polygenic risk score (PRS) approach has shown 75 to 84% prediction accuracy of identifying individuals with AD risk. METHODS:In this study, we tes...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.25530
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of nine related aromatic monocarboxylic acids (ACAs) previously shown to inhibit muscle membrane chloride conductance (GCl) selectively in the rat were studied for their ability to produce myotonia. All nine induced characteristic repetitive electrical activity and delayed relaxation in isolated muscle, altho...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410040411
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have been used in the treatment of the primary periodic paralyses (PPs), their efficacy has not been demonstrated in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Therefore, we tested the efficacy of dichlorphenamide (DCP; Daranide), a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, in the t...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need for novel, efficacious, antiseizure therapies is widely acknowledged. This study investigates in humans the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of high-frequency electrical stimulation (HFES; 100-500 Hz) triggered by automated seizure detections. Eight patients were enrolled in this study, which consisted of a ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.20377
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most clinically demented elderly patients are found at autopsy to have Alzheimer's disease, multi-infarct dementia, Parkinson's disease, Pick's disease, or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. We studied 5 patients clinically characterized by late onset dementia whose brains showed no pathological evidence of Alzheimer's diseas...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410290409
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In healthy individuals, motor training elicits cortical plasticity that encodes the kinematic details of the practiced movements and is thought to underlie recovery of function after stroke. The influence of age on this form of plasticity is incompletely understood. We studied 55 healthy subjects and identified a subs...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.10529
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the pathophysiology of hypokalemic paralysis, as it occurs in barium poisoning, chronic potassium deficiency, and thyrotoxicosis, suggests that these disorders may have a similar mechanism. An increased ratio of muscle sodium permeability to potassium permeability reduces the ionic diffusion potential, whi...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410110602
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microelectrode recording methods for stereotactic localization of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and surrounding structures are described. These methods accurately define targets for chronic deep brain stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Mean firing rates and a burst index were determined for all recor...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410440407
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the use of a new stable isotope-labeled form of levodopa (LD) to examine in vivo central LD metabolism in Parkinson's disease (PD). Eight patients representing a wide spectrum of disease severity were administered 50 mg of carbidopa orally followed in 1 hour by an intravenous bolus of 150 mg of stable isotop...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410420305
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 41-year-old right-handed man developed disturbances of language and memory after a discrete thalamic infarction. Detailed neuropsychological assessment revealed deficits in verbal fluency, word finding, confrontation naming, and anterograde memory for verbal material. High-resolution computed tomography with stereot...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410200604
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four infants had bilateral hippocampal sclerosis by magnetic resonance scans, including oblique coronal fast spin echo images of the temporal lobes; [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomographic scans, done in 2 infants, showed isolated bilateral anterior temporal lobe hypometabolism. All had epilepsy with epi...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410420105
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because the symptomatic treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS) are limited, new approaches have been sought. Anatomical studies of MS lesions show a relative preservation of axons, and clinical studies suggest that some of the neurological impairment in patients with MS is physiological. Electrophysiological studies s...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ana.410360728
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Lacunar strokes are a leading cause of cognitive impairment and vascular dementia. However, adequate characterization of cognitive impairment is lacking. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and characterize the neuropsychological impairment in lacunar stroke patients. METHODS:All English-spe...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.23733
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Instrumental neutron activation analysis procedures were used to determine the aluminum content of various brain regions in histologically verified Alzheimer disease (AD) and in controls. The grand mean aluminum level for 74 AD specimens was 0.372 +/- 0.058 microgram/gm and for 137 adult controls, 0.467 +/- 0.033 micr...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410100604
更新日期:1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide sequence of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in central nervous system tissue was determined in 3 autopsy cases with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) and 1 seropositive carrier without HAM/TSP but with multiple sclerosis. All HAM/TSP samples (3 spinal cords...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410360206
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine age-related changes in the neural systems for reading in nonimpaired and dyslexic children and adolescents. METHODS:Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to study age-related changes in the neural systems for reading in a cross-sectional sample of 232 right-handed children 7 to 18 years o...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.21093
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2006, Yamanaka's group pioneered a method for reprogramming somatic cells by introducing definite transcription factors, which enabled the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with pluripotency comparable to that of embryonic stem cells. These iPSCs are attracting considerable attention for their po...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ana.23596
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a young child with tuberous sclerosis and cardiac rhabdomyoma who developed reversible heart block after being placed on carbamazepine treatment for seizures. Patients of any age with known or suspected intrinsic cardiac disease should be monitored for conduction disturbance if they are treated with carbam...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410340417
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The Epi4K Consortium recently identified 4 de novo mutations in the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA ) receptor β3 subunit gene GABRB3 and 1 in the β1 subunit gene GABRB1 in children with one of the epileptic encephalopathies (EEs) Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) and infantile spasms (IS). Because the etiology...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.24631
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain tissue from normal individuals with incidental Lewy bodies and cell loss in pigmented substantia nigra neurons (asymptomatic Parkinson's disease) and age-matched control subjects without nigral Lewy bodies was examined biochemically. There was no difference in dopamine levels or dopamine turnover in the caudate ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410350107
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the frequency and subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) in association with RBD. METHODS:One hundred and twelve subjects without dementia or major depression including 32 idiopathic RBD patients, ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.21680
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regional patterns of cerebral glucose utilization (rCMRglc) and blood flow (rCBF) were examined in the early recovery period following transient forebrain ischemia in order to correlate early postischemic physiological events with regionally selective patterns of ischemic neuropathology. Wistar rats were subjected to ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410180410
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of a neuroprotective therapy that slows, stops, or reverses neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) is the single most important unresolved issue in the management of this disorder. Current therapies provide effective control of symptoms, particularly in the early stages of the disease, but disea...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ana.21461
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central motor conduction times for the adductor pollicis muscle, the twitch force of that muscle to scalp magnetic motor cortex stimulation, and the maximum force of phasic voluntary contraction of the same muscle were measured in 15 patients with multiple sclerosis. Two tests of manual dexterity of the same hand also...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410290104
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report thirty-three patients with alternating skew deviation on lateral gaze. The right eye was hypertropic in right gaze, and the left eye was hypertropic in left gaze. Most patients had associated downbeat nystagmus and ataxia and were diagnosed as having lesions of the cerebellar pathways or the cervicomedullary...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410230213
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::B cells have long played an enigmatic role in the scenario of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of B-cell trafficking, survival, and differentiation in the central nervous system (CNS). We propose four possible routes of intrathecal immunoglobulin-producing ce...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ana.20890
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Though effective anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapies are now available, they have variable penetration into the brain. We therefore aimed to assess changes over calendar time in the risk for HIV-associated dementia (HIV-D), and factors associated with HIV-D risk. METHODS:Using Concerted Action ...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.21225
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-six patients with late-stage Parkinson disease were given 0.4 to 15 mg of pergolide mesylate daily in addition to, or as replacement for, levodopa or bromocriptine therapy. Despite treatment with individually determined optimum doses of levodopa, bromocriptine, and anticholinergics, they had shown response fail...
journal_title:Annals of neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ana.410120305
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00