Abstract：
:It has been claimed that unemployment affects the health and thus the mortality of the unemployed, their families, and other members of their communities. This paper examines the relation between mortality and the unemployment experiences of small areas which vary in the extent to which their unemployment levels have changed in recent years. Quarterly numbers of unemployed, classified by age, sex, duration of unemployment, and unemployment office for 1977-81, have been aggregated to correspond to Family Practitioner Committee areas (FPCs), for which population and mortality data had been collected for a different study. There was little variation in long term (greater than 6 months) unemployment trends prior to July 1980, but subsequently there were large variations between FPCs in the rate of increase in unemployment rates. Mortality data for suicide, ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and all causes were examined for the period 1975-83. When the mortality trends of FPCs with different unemployment experiences were compared, no statistically significant differences in trends were found, although areas with greater increases in unemployment appeared to have slightly worse mortality trends for suicide, ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and total mortality for men in the younger age groups. If changes in the level of unemployment do have an effect on changes in trends in mortality levels, this effect is not of sufficient magnitude to be statistically significant with the sample available, in spite of the fact that it included the whole of England and Wales.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
Charlton JR,Bauer R,Thakhore A,Silver R,Aristidou Mdoi
10.1136/jech.41.2.107subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-06-01 00:00:00pages
107-13issue
2eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Although long working hours have been shown to be associated with the onset of cardiometabolic diseases, the clinical risk factor profile associated with long working hours remains unclear. We compared the clinical risk profile between people who worked long hours and those who reported being never exposed t...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2018-210943
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over 300 female farmers from 18 regions in various parts of Japan were examined for high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) in the serum. Based on the HDL levels, three examinees with the highest HDL and another three with the lowest HDL were selected from each region to form the high HDL group (high group, 54 subj...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.39.3.259
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:With the exception of key 'proven successes' in global health, the current regime of global health governance can be understood as transnational and national actors pursuing their own interests under a rational actor model of international cooperation, which fails to provide sufficient justification for an o...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2009.101097
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:There is little information on the potential benefit of immunising all patients with chronic lung disease in the community against influenza. The clinical effectiveness and economic benefit was established of the influenza vaccination programme in a general practice based cohort of adult patients with c...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.52.2.120
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In 1998, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was widespread, but the diffusion of these life-saving treatments was not uniform. As half of all AIDS patients in the USA have Medicaid coverage, this study of a multistate Medicaid claims dataset was undertaken to assess disparities in the rates of HAAR...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1136/jech.2005.045567
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To study municipal variations in children's injury risk and to assess the impact of safety promotion measures in general municipal, preschool, school, and leisure activity settings, on injury outcome. DESIGN:A cohort study based on individual data on children's consumption of hospital care as a result ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1136/jech.57.9.724
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is a paucity of data on the national population-level effectiveness of preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes in high-HIV-prevalence, resource-limited settings. We assessed national PMTCT impact in South Africa (SA), 2010. METHODS:A facility-based survey was conducted using a strat...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2014-204535
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the degree to which the proportion of homicides and suicides committed with a gun is associated with reported availability of firearms across Chicago neighbourhoods. METHODS:Data were collected as part of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), a combined neighbourhood ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2005.039149
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:A promising concept in cardiovascular disease prevention (the polypill) was introduced in 2003. Although the polypill may seem as an effective intervention, data on its costs and cost effectiveness remain unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the maximum price of the polypill for it to be a cost ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2005.040253
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Public health advocacy is the strategic use of news media to advance a public policy initiative, often in the face of opposition. ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2003.018051
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been claimed that the aggregation of information from several areas of life into a small set of global measures has certain advantages for describing disability. Global measures of disability were constructed from a modified version of an existing health survey instrument and the sickness impact profile (SIP) a...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.37.4.296
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the causal relationship between transport mode and body mass index (BMI). METHODS:We examined between-person differences and within-person changes in BMI by transport mode over four time points between 2007 and 2013. Data were from the How Areas in Brisbane Influence HealTh and AcT...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2017-209957
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An exponential model based on the infectious disease model of Kermack and McKendrick has been simplified to illustrate how the use of heroin spreads in epidemic fashion. A numerical simulation is arranged to show how the dynamics of spread are influenced by the original number of users, rates of conversion, and time o...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.33.4.299
更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To estimate the incidence of occupational asthma seen by respiratory and occupational physicians in the UK in 1989 and 1990. DESIGN:New cases of occupational asthma were taken from a national reporting scheme, the Surveillance of Work-related and Occupational Respiratory Disease Project (SWORD). Estima...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.47.6.459
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare a self administered computerised assessment of neurotic psychiatric disorder (psychiatric morbidity) with an identical assessment administered by a human interviewer. In particular, to discover whether a computerised assessment overestimates or underestimates the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1136/jech.48.2.207
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Health inequalities can be observed in early life as unfavourable birth outcomes. Evidence indicates that neighbourhood socioeconomic circumstances influence health. However, studies looking into temporal trends in inequalities in birth outcomes including neighbourhood socioeconomic conditions are scarce. ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2019-213162
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVES:To compare in-hospital mortality for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between metropolitan and non-metropolitan hospitals after adjustment for patients' severity; to examine the role of the use of effective cardiac medications in the possible mortality difference between these types of hospital. DESI...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.54.8.590
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Financial strain is associated with earlier disability and mortality, but causal links are underexplored, partly because it is unethical to randomise people to financial stress. This study leverages naturally occurring random variation in days since monthly Social Security payment arrival among older adults ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2020-213807
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Two competing hypotheses, cumulative advantage/disadvantage and age-as-leveller, have been proposed to explain the contradictory findings on socioeconomic differences in health over the lifespan. To test these hypotheses, this investigation examined the influence of educational attainment and material condit...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2015-206548
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:A statistical test that allows for adjustment of confounding can be helpful for the study of seasonal patterns. The aim of this article is to supply a detailed description of such a method. An example of its application is given. DESIGN:A statistical test is presented that retains the information on th...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.53.4.235
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To investigate age, period, and cohort effects on functional status. DESIGN:A prospective cohort study with measurements in 1981, 1990, and 1996. SETTING:Three municipalities in north east Finland. PARTICIPANTS:A regionally representative sample of 19 to 63 year old men and women was drawn from the c...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.56.12.905
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Examine the association between county occupational structure, services availability, prevalence of risk factors, and coronary mortality rates by sex, for 1980-96, in New York state. DESIGN:New York's 62 counties were classified into three occupational structure categories; counties with the lowest per...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.56.11.868
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Previous studies have implicated air pollution in increased mortality and morbidity, especially in the elderly population and children. More recently, associations with mortality in infants and with some reproductive outcomes have also been reported. The aim of this study is to explore the association betwee...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.58.1.11
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:To compare health walks, a community based lay-led walking scheme versus advice only on physical activity and cardiovascular health status in middle aged adults. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial with one year follow up. Physical activity was measured by questionnaire. Other measures included attitude...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1136/jech.56.4.246
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that racial discrimination impacts health via biological dysregulation due to continual adaptation to chronic psychosocial stress. Therefore, quantifying chronicity is critical for operationalising the relevant aetiological exposure and hence maximising internal validity. Using one of the mos...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech-2018-211230
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A commonly used estimate of a screening test's sensitivity, based on the prevalence at screening and the incidence of interval cancers, is shown to be logically unsound and quantitatively poor. An alternative simple estimate is proposed, based only on incidence rates. ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.39.4.364
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case-control study of cancers of the upper alimentary tract was conducted in a hospital to assess the role of several risk factors, including alcohol consumption, which is reported here. Male patients from one community with cancers of the oral cavity (n = 278), pharynx (n = 225), and oesophagus (n = 236) formed the...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.42.2.187
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to analyse occupational mortality differences among women using follow up data from a large nationally representative sample. DESIGN:Occupational information was obtained from the 1971 census records of women in the Longitudinal Study carried out by the Office of Population Censuses and Sur...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.45.2.117
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Injuries are an increasing child health concern and have become a leading cause of child mortality in the 1-4 years age group in many developing countries, including Bangladesh. METHODS:Household observations during 9 months of a community-based pilot of two supervision tools-a door barrier and a playpen-de...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.2008.080903
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to assess the interrelationship between alcohol intake, cigarette smoking, body weight, and blood lipid concentrations. DESIGN:This was the cross sectional (screening) phase of a prospective study. The main outcome measure was the blood lipids (serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and ...
journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1136/jech.46.3.197
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
