Abstract:
:Retrotransposons, DNA sequences capable of creating copies of themselves, compose about half of the human genome and played a central role in the evolution of mammals. Their current position in the host genome is the result of the retrotranscription process and of the following host genome evolution. We apply a model from statistical physics to show that the genomic distribution of the two most populated classes of retrotransposons in human deviates from random placement, and that this deviation increases with time. The time dependence suggests a major role of the host genome dynamics in shaping the current retrotransposon distributions. Focusing on a neutral scenario, we show that a simple model based on random placement followed by genome expansion and sequence duplications can reproduce the empirical retrotransposon distributions, even though more complex and possibly selective mechanisms can have contributed. Besides the inherent interest in understanding the origin of current retrotransposon distributions, this work sets a general analytical framework to analyze quantitatively the effects of genome evolutionary dynamics on the distribution of genomic elements.
journal_name
Genome Biol Evoljournal_title
Genome biology and evolutionauthors
Riba A,Fumagalli MR,Caselle M,Osella Mdoi
10.1093/gbe/evaa201subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-03 00:00:00pages
2045-2059issue
11issn
1759-6653pii
5912528journal_volume
12pub_type
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