Brain expansion in early hominins predicts carnivore extinctions in East Africa.

abstract：:Food-web complexity often hinders disentangling functionally relevant aspects of food-web structure and its relationships to biodiversity. Here, we present a theoretical framework to evaluate food-web complexity in terms of biodiversity. Food network unfolding is a theoretical method to transform a complex food web in...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Kato Y,Kondoh M,Ishikawa NF,Togashi H,Kohmatsu Y,Yoshimura M,Yoshimizu C,Haraguchi TF,Osada Y,Ohte N,Tokuchi N,Okuda N,Miki T,Tayasu I

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dams are recognised to impact aquatic biodiversity, but the effects and conclusions diverge across studies and locations. By using a meta-analytical approach, we quantified the effects of impoundment on fish communities distributed across three large biomes. The impacts of dams on richness and diversity differed acros...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Turgeon K,Turpin C,Gregory-Eaves I

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant biodiversity can enhance primary production in terrestrial ecosystems, but biodiversity effects are largely unstudied in the ocean. We conducted a series of field and mesocosm experiments to measure the relative effects of macroalgal identity and richness on primary productivity (net photosynthetic rate) and bio...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Bruno JF,Boyer KE,Duffy JE,Lee SC,Kertesz JS

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although some organisms have moved to higher elevations and latitudes in response to recent climate change, there is little consensus regarding the capacity of different species to track rapid climate change via range shifts. Understanding species' abilities to shift ranges has important implications for assessing ext...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Angert AL,Crozier LG,Rissler LJ,Gilman SE,Tewksbury JJ,Chunco AJ

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herbivores forage in spatially complex habitats. Due to allometry and scale-dependent foraging, herbivores are hypothesized to perceive and respond to heterogeneity of resources at scales relative to their body sizes. This hypothesis has not been manipulatively tested for animals with only moderate differences in body...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Laca EA,Sokolow S,Galli JR,Cangiano CA

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ecological and evolutionary consequences of extreme events are poorly understood. Here, we tested predictions about species persistence and population genomic change in aquatic insects in 14 Colorado mountain streams across a hydrological disturbance gradient caused by a one in 500-year rainfall event. Taxa persis...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Poff NL,Larson EI,Salerno PE,Morton SG,Kondratieff BC,Flecker AS,Zamudio KR,Funk WC

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predators can affect herbivores both through direct consumption (density-mediated interactions) and by changing behavioural, physiological or morphological attributes of the prey (trait-mediated interactions). These effects on the herbivore can in turn affect the plant through density- and trait-mediated indirect inte...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Griffin CA,Thaler JS

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Correlations between traits may constrain ecological and evolutionary responses to multispecies interactions. Many plants produce defensive compounds in nectar and leaves that could influence interactions with pollinators and herbivores, but the relationship between nectar and leaf defences is entirely unexplored. Cor...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Adler LS,Wink M,Distl M,Lentz AJ

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patterns of local adaptation are expected to emerge when selection is spatially heterogeneous and sufficiently strong relative to the action of other evolutionary forces. The observation of local adaptation thus provides important insight into evolutionary processes and the adaptive divergence of populations. The dete...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Blanquart F,Kaltz O,Nuismer SL,Gandon S

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of natural selection to drive local adaptation has been appreciated ever since Darwin. Whether human impacts can impede the adaptive process has received less attention. We tested this hypothesis by quantifying natural selection and harvest selection acting on a freshwater fish (pike) over four decades. Ac...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Carlson SM,Edeline E,Asbjørn Vøllestad L,Haugen TO,Winfield IJ,Fletcher JM,Ben James J,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contact networks are fundamental to the transmission of infection and host sex often affects the acquisition and progression of infection. However, the epidemiological impacts of sex-related variation in animal contact networks have rarely been investigated. We test the hypothesis that sex-biases in infection are rela...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Silk MJ,Weber NL,Steward LC,Hodgson DJ,Boots M,Croft DP,Delahay RJ,McDonald RA

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biological control of exotic invasive plants using exotic insects is practiced under the assumption that biological control agents are safe if they do not directly attack non-target species. We tested this assumption by evaluating the potential for two host-specific biological control agents (Urophora spp.), widely es...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Pearson DE,Callaway RM

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intra- and interspecific plant-plant interactions are fundamental to patterns of community assembly and to the mixture effects observed in biodiversity studies. Although much research has been conducted at the species level, very little is understood about how genetic variation within and among interacting species may...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Genung MA,Bailey JK,Schweitzer JA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dispersal is a major factor regulating the number of coexisting species, but the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes has mainly been analysed for communities closed to dispersal. We experimentally investigated how initial local diversity and dispersal frequency affect local diversity and bio...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Matthiessen B,Hillebrand H

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The canonical factors typically thought to determine herbivore community structure often explain only a small fraction of the variation in herbivore abundance and diversity. We tested how macronutrients and relatively understudied micronutrients interacted to influence the structure of insect herbivore (orthopteran) c...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Prather CM,Laws AN,Cuellar JF,Reihart RW,Gawkins KM,Pennings SC

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The metacommunity concept has the potential to integrate local and regional dynamics within a general community ecology framework. To this end, the concept must move beyond the discrete archetypes that have largely defined it (e.g. neutral vs. species sorting) and better incorporate local scale species interactions an...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Thompson PL,Guzman LM,De Meester L,Horváth Z,Ptacnik R,Vanschoenwinkel B,Viana DS,Chase JM

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecol. Lett. 22, 2019, 1483 demonstrated, for the first time, a rapid response of a plant to the airborne sounds of pollinators. Pyke et al. argue that this response is unlikely to be adaptive. Here we clarify some misunderstandings, and demonstrate the potential adaptive value using theoretical modelling and field obs...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Goldshtein A,Veits M,Khait I,Saban K,Sapir Y,Yovel Y,Hadany L

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthropogenic degradation of the world's ecosystems is leading to a widespread and accelerating loss of biodiversity. However, not all species respond equally to existing threats, raising the question: what makes a species more vulnerable to extinction? We propose that higher intraspecific variability may reduce the r...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： González-Suárez M,Revilla E

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With rapidly increasing rates of contemporary extinction, predicting extinction vulnerability and identifying how multiple stressors drive non-random species loss have become key challenges in ecology. These assessments are crucial for avoiding the loss of key functional groups that sustain ecosystem processes and ser...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Graham NA,Chabanet P,Evans RD,Jennings S,Letourneur Y,Aaron Macneil M,McClanahan TR,Ohman MC,Polunin NV,Wilson SK

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of positive species interactions is a rapidly evolving field in ecology. Despite decades of research, controversy has emerged as to whether positive and negative interactions predictably shift with increasing environmental stress as hypothesised by the stress-gradient hypothesis (SGH). Here, we provide a syn...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： He Q,Bertness MD,Altieri AH

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soaring birds migrate in massive numbers worldwide. These migrations are complex and dynamic phenomena, strongly influenced by meteorological conditions that produce thermal and orographic uplift as the birds traverse the landscape. Herein we report on how methods were developed to estimate the strength of thermal and...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Bohrer G,Brandes D,Mandel JT,Bildstein KL,Miller TA,Lanzone M,Katzner T,Maisonneuve C,Tremblay JA

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Correlative analyses predict that anthropogenic climate warming will cause widespread extinction but the nature and generality of the underlying mechanisms is unclear. Warming-induced activity restriction has been proposed as a general explanatory mechanism for recent population extinctions in lizards, and has been us...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： R Kearney M

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some alien species cause substantial impacts, yet most are innocuous. Given limited resources, forecasting risks from alien species will help prioritise management. Given that risk assessment (RA) approaches vary widely, a synthesis is timely to highlight best practices. We reviewed quantitative and scoring RAs, integ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Leung B,Roura-Pascual N,Bacher S,Heikkilä J,Brotons L,Burgman MA,Dehnen-Schmutz K,Essl F,Hulme PE,Richardson DM,Sol D,Vilà M,Rejmanek M

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change and variation in atmospheric ozone are influencing the intensity of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reaching ecosystems. Changing UVR regimes, in turn, may alter epidemics of infectious disease. This possibility hinges on the sensitivity of epidemiologically relevant traits of host and parasite to UVR. We a...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Overholt EP,Hall SR,Williamson CE,Meikle CK,Duffy MA,Cáceres CE

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternally transmitted endosymbionts are widespread among insects, but how they are maintained within host populations is largely unknown. Recent discoveries show that some endosymbionts protect their hosts from pathogens or parasites. Spiroplasma, an endosymbiont of Drosophila neotestacea, protects female hosts from ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Jaenike J,Brekke TD

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Though many processes are involved in determining which species coexist and assemble into communities, competition is among the best studied. One hypothesis about competition's contribution to community assembly is that more closely related species are less likely to coexist. Though empirical evidence for this hypothe...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Mayfield MM,Levine JM

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The terminal allocation and senescence hypotheses make opposite predictions about how age-specific reproductive effort should vary during old age. There is empirical support for both hypotheses, although reports on senescence are more numerous. Individual heterogeneity and selective mortality, however, decrease our ab...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Martin JG,Festa-Bianchet M

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been considerable focus on the impacts of environmental change on ecosystem function arising from changes in species richness. However, environmental change may affect ecosystem function without affecting richness, most notably by affecting population densities and community composition. Using a theoretical ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Spaak JW,Baert JM,Baird DJ,Eisenhauer N,Maltby L,Pomati F,Radchuk V,Rohr JR,Van den Brink PJ,De Laender F

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parasites with low host specificity (e.g. infecting a large diversity of host species) are of special interest in disease ecology, as they are likely more capable of circumventing ecological or evolutionary barriers to infect new hosts than are specialist parasites. Yet for many parasites, host specificity is not fixe...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Fecchio A,Wells K,Bell JA,Tkach VV,Lutz HL,Weckstein JD,Clegg SM,Clark NJ

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding and predicting range expansion are key objectives in many basic and applied contexts. Among dioecious organisms, there is strong evidence for sex differences in dispersal, which could alter the sex ratio at the expansion's leading edge. However, demographic stochasticity could also affect leading-edge se...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Miller TE,Inouye BD

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00