Abstract：
BACKGROUND:We characterize the variations in availability and affordability of NMO diagnostic testing and treatment by geographic region and country-level income group. METHODS:A structured survey was distributed in English, French, and Spanish in late 2018 to neurologists and other physicians who encounter NMO patients. RESULTS:Respondents (response rate 45%, 64/143 countries contacted) came from all WHO world regions and World Bank country income levels (49% university-based; 13 low-, 16 lower middle-, 16 upper-middle-, and 15 high-income countries). The average cost of an aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) test to a patient globally was 209 USD, and the average cost of NMO treatment per year was 3,819 USD. AQP4-Ab and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody (MOG-Ab) testing were available in 68% and 38% of all countries. Low-income countries had poor availability of both AQP4-Ab (2/13 countries) and MOG-Ab (1/13) compared to high-income countries (15/15 AQP4-Ab, 13/15 MOG-Ab). Nearly half (48%, 13/27) of African and Eastern Mediterranean countries had access to neither test. GLOBAL TREATMENT AVAILABILITY AND USAGE:Azathioprine (88%), rituximab (50%), mycophenolate mofetil (57%), intravenous methylprednisolone (98%), oral prednisone (68%), plasma exchange (78%), intravenous immunoglobulin (72%). Whereas 70-100% of high-income countries' patients could afford treatment without incurring a catastrophic health expenditure, <10% of low-income country patients could. Most low-income countries (12/13) reported the patient pays for NMO care entirely without public assistance CONCLUSIONS: There is a gap in access to diagnostic testing for NMO in non-high-income countries, even in countries where acute and immunosuppressive treatment for NMO are available.
journal_name
Mult Scler Relat Disordjournal_title
Multiple sclerosis and related disordersauthors
Holroyd K,Vogel A,Lynch K,Gazdag B,Voghel M,Alakel N,Patenaude BN,Chiong-Rivero H,Mateen FJdoi
10.1016/j.msard.2019.05.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-08-01 00:00:00pages
44-50eissn
2211-0348issn
2211-0356pii
S2211-0348(19)30217-2journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:As vaccines for the coronavirus become available, it will be important to know the rate of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS), given that vaccination will be a key strategy for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections. Using a national sample of adults with MS in the United States ...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2021.102788
更新日期：2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A high percentage of patients with multiple sclerosis present cognitive alterations. Because 4-aminopyridine improves nerve conduction and efficient synaptic connection could improve cognitive dysfunction. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy on cognitive performance and safety of 4-aminopyridine administered...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2018.12.026
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple Sclerosis (MS) specialists routinely evaluate misdiagnosed patients, or patients incorrectly assigned a diagnosis of MS. Misdiagnosis has significant implications for patient morbidity and healthcare costs, yet its contemporary incidence is unknown. We examined the incidence of MS misdiagnosis in ne...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.048
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the predictive factors associated with good outcomes of plasma exchange in severe attacks through neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and long extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). In addition, to review the literature of predictive factors associated with the good outcomes of plasma...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2017.02.015
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Social support has been identified as a buffering or intervening variable in stressful life events. Research has demonstrated that greater social support is associated with better mental health in multiple sclerosis (MS), but little is known about its links to specific aspects of mental health. We therefore ...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2018.09.039
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating, neurodegenerative, immune-mediated disease primarily diagnosed in early adulthood. Multiple sclerosis mostly impacts women of reproductive potential, with pregnancy and birth outcomes being major concerns for many patients. While there is ample evidence that t...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.04.003
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about the factors associated with the selection of Disease Modifying Agents (DMA) for the management of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) since the introduction of oral DMAs in 2010. OBJECTIVES:To examine the factors associated with initiation of oral DMAs in patients with MS using data from electroni...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.102334
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The appropriate treatment target in multiple sclerosis (MS) is unclear. Lack of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion activity, a component of the no evidence of disease activity concept, has been proposed as a treatment target in MS. We used our MS database to investigate whether aggressively pursuing MRI...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2016.07.017
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Review cases of positive neurologic phenomena initiated or worsened with dalfampridine in patients with multiple sclerosis. BACKGROUND:Oral, extended release dalfampridine (4-aminopyridine or 4-AP) is a potassium-channel blocker approved for the treatment of gait impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS). The en...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2013.05.003
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The acute, fulminant type of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), known as Marburg Disease, has been shown to have poor response to conventional acute treatments typically used for demyelinating diseases. METHODS:We report a 20 y/o postpartum female who was consulted to the Neurology service given findings of subacute ...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.03.014
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To determine and compare comorbidity levels in the multiple sclerosis (MS) population in Poland using a matched cohort from the general population. METHODS:We compared our database (standardized medical histories and medical records) from a MS center at the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bia...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.102051
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that comorbidity in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS) increases the risk of hospitalizations, although few studies have examined this, and rarely in an incident population. METHODS:Incident MS cases were identified retrospectively from administrative data in Saskatchewan, Canada (1...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.101955
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM OF THE STUDY:To investigate adherence to disease modifying therapy (DMT) in Lithuanian population of multiple sclerosis patients and factors associated to it. METHODS:Patients receiving one of the following DMT's: Interferon β 1a (Rebif) 44 micrograms three times a week subdermally (s/c) or Interferon β 1a (Avonex...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2017.02.016
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple sclerosis (MS) has both an inflammatory and a neurodegenerative component, with gray matter (GM) atrophy being an important contributor to disability. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) may serve as a prognostic tool for neuroaxonal health by measuring ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thi...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.04.001
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elsberg syndrome (ES) refers to the combination of myelitis and lumbosacral radiculitis associated with infection caused by the virus of the Herpesviridae family. We present a case of a 52-year-old man with a 9 months diagnosis of Crohn's disease, in use of infliximab with good disease control, complaining of 2 months...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.102643
更新日期：2020-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：IMPORTANCE:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by relapses and a progressive course that may lead to accumulation of physical and cognitive disability. Cognitive training interventions seem to improve the cognitive performance of MS patients. The aim of ...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2017.12.017
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies such as ocrelizumab, rituximab, and ofatumumab target B-cell lineage. Clinical trials have demonstrated their effect on reducing both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) active lesion burden as well as clinical activity. Zytux™ (Rituximab, AryoGen Pharmed) used in the present stu...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.101419
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, and it is one of the most common neurological cause of disability in young adults. It is known that several factors contribute to increase the risk of development and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, nonetheles...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.102189
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute relapses continue to be a significant aspect of multiple sclerosis (MS) on both the epidemiologic level and the individual patient level. Past work demonstrates residual disability from relapses as well as high patient-reported rates of ineffective relapse treatment. To better characterize the impact of MS relap...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2015.03.005
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Acceptance of Chronic Health Conditions Scale was developed to measure acceptance in chronic health conditions like multiple sclerosis (MS) and has been translated into Swedish (The Swedish Acceptance of Chronic Health Conditions Scale). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate construct validity and test-...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.07.033
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Ocrelizumab inhibits relapsing multiple sclerosis when administered every six months. Based on potential similar memory B cell depletion mechanisms with cladribine and alemtuzumab, we hypothesised that CD20-depletion of B cells by ocrelizumab may exhibit a duration of response exceeding the current licenced t...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.102279
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Considering the multiple treatments approved for multiple sclerosis (MS) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA), determining a treatment strategy for patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) can be challenging. To date, an overv...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.101929
更新日期：2020-01-02 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) have been shown to reduce relapses and new MRI lesions. However, few studies have assessed the impact of discontinuing DMT after a period of disease inactivity. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the impact of DMT disconti...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.07.021
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Elevation of CXCL13, a key regulator of B-cell recruitment in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE:to evaluate if measurement of CXCL13 using a highly sensitive assay is of value in acute optic neuritis (ON) patients for the prediction of later MS. METHOD:CXCL13 was...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.102281
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite having a high rate of occurrence, erythroblast appearance in peripheral blood may not be a recognized adverse effect of natalizumab (NTZ) treatment. Additionally, the time course and cause of erythroblast appearance remain unclear. We report two cases of multiple sclerosis wherein NTZ treatment led to erythrob...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.041
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Treatment decisions in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are challenging. It is not known whether and how various disease modifying therapies, especially immunosuppressive drugs, affect COVID-19 risk and disease course. METHODS:Case report RESULTS:...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type：
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.102182
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) typically lead to spastic paraparesis and spare the peripheral nervous system (PNS). CASE REPORT:Here, we describe an anti-aquaporin-4-seropositive NMOSD patient suffering from acute transverse myelitis with painful, flaccid paralysis and incontinence of urine...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2018.07.032
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:No available assessment tool offers a brief and psychometrically sound way for clinicians to quantify assessment of MS in a typical office visit. The objective of this study was to develop a brief clinician-reported outcome measure of MS signs and symptoms to standardize and quantify assessments that occur du...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2019.06.024
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several studies have investigated the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) on the risk of divorce. However, current evidence is inconclusive and limited by e.g. small sample populations, short follow-up, and/or lack of a control group. The objective of this retrospective, observational study was to estimate the...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2018.07.002
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) remains to be clarified or updated in many parts of Asia. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology and comorbidities of MS and NMO during 2001-2015 in Taiwan. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective nationwide population-based st...
journal_title：Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.msard.2020.102425
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
