Abstract：
:Serine palmitoyltransferase [EC 2.3.1.50] initiates the biosynthesis of sphingolipids by catalyzing the condensation of a fatty acyl-CoA with serine to yield the committed intermediate 3-ketosphinganine or one of its homologues. The presence of serine palmitoyltransferase in aorta was established under optimal assay conditions using microsomes from New Zealand White rabbits. Its activity was dependent on microsomal protein, L-serine, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, and palmitoyl-CoA. Although several different saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA thioesters were utilized as substrates, maximal activity was with palmitoyl-CoA, suggesting that this enzyme contributes to the predominance of 18-carbon long-chain bases in sphingolipids from aorta. Rabbits, fed a Purina lab chow supplemented with 2% cholesterol, were used to study serine palmitoyltransferase activity in aorta during experimental atherogenesis. An increase in activity from intimal-medial preparations was detectable prior to prominent lipid accumulation or cellular proliferation. Activity continued to elevate over the 12-week duration of feeding concurrent with the increase in serum cholesterol and in proportion to the development of plaques resulting in a 3.7-fold increase in activity (20.7 +/- 2.6 pmol per min per mg microsomal protein +/- SE in the cholesterol-fed group versus 5.6 +/- 1.9 in the pair-fed controls also matched for age and sex; P less than 0.005). Thus, the accumulation of sphingomyelin that occurs in aorta during experimental atherogenesis may be related to increased long-chain base synthesis by serine palmitoyltransferase.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Williams RD,Sgoutas DS,Zaatari GSsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-07-01 00:00:00pages
763-70issue
7eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The isolated perfused mouse liver was utilized to evaluate the relative contribution of various molecules believed to participate in the removal of chylomicron remnants by the liver. Sixty percent of asialofetuin was removed from the perfusate per pass; bovine serum albumin was not removed. Normal mouse livers removed...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages contain a neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase that can be activated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Immunological studies strongly suggest that hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is probably responsible for the cholesteryl ester hydrolase activity in macrophages; however, due to the very low level of express...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) first gained attention as a regulator of triglycerides through transgenic mouse studies. Furthermore, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) agonists such as fenofibrate increase apoA-V mRNA expression. Our group recently developed the first assay to quantitate serum a...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.C500010-JLR200
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mature endothelial lipase (EL) is a 68 kDa glycoprotein. In HepG2 cells infected with adenovirus encoding human EL, the mature EL was detectable in the cell lysates and heparin-releasable fractions. In contrast, cell media of these cells contained two EL fragments: an N-terminal 40 kDa fragment and a C-terminal 28 kDa...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M400500-JLR200
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysosphingolipids, which lack the fatty acid moiety of sphingolipids, are known to be accumulated in some variants of sphingolipid storage diseases. Here, we report that lysosphingolipids with naturally occurring stereochemical configurations induce apoptosis in mouse neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells. The intracellular deh...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent type of chronic liver disease with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. ALD begins with simple hepatic steatosis and progresses to alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The severity of hepatic steatosis is highly associated with the developmen...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1194/jlr.R119000547
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ABCG1 and ABCG4 are highly homologous members of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family that regulate cellular cholesterol homeostasis. In adult mice, ABCG1 is known to be expressed in numerous cell types and tissues, whereas ABCG4 expression is limited to the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we show sig...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/M900250-JLR200
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proprotein convertase, subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a key regulator of plasma LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) and cardiovascular risk, is produced in liver and secreted into plasma where it binds hepatic LDL receptors (LDLR), leading to their degradation. PCSK9 is transcriptionally activated by sterol response element-bin...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.P009860
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Animal experiments show that the kidney contributes to apolipoprotein (apo)A-I catabolism. We tested relationships of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and apo-I with kidney function in subjects without severe chronic kidney disease. Included was a random sample of the general population (part of the PREVEND cohort). Kidney fun...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M005348
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertriglyceridemia induces multiple changes in lipoprotein composition. Here we investigate how one of these modifications, triglyceride (TG) enrichment, affects HDL and LDL function when this alteration occurs under conditions in which more polar components can naturally re-equilibrate. TG-enriched lipoproteins wer...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gluco- and galactocerebrosides can be separated by thin-layer chromatography on Silica Gel G prepared with sodium borate solution instead of water. The most successful developing system was chloroform-methanol-water-15 M NH(4)OH 280:70:6:1. ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1966-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Described herein are the chemical syntheses of a number of deuterated derivatives of 5 alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3 beta-ol-15-one. These include the [2,2,3 alpha,4,4,7,7,9 alpha,16,16-2H10]-, [7 alpha,9 alpha,16,16-2H4]-, [7,7,9 alpha,16,16-2H5]-, and [2,2,3 alpha,4,4-2H5]-analogs of the delta 8(14)-15-ketosterol. Also i...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the extent to which modifications in the essential fatty acid content of mammalian cells can affect prostaglandin production. Swiss mouse 3T3 cells stimulated with the calcium ionophore A23187 produced 1.7 to 7 times more prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) when the cultures were supplemented with linolei...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD) is a genetic disorder associated with impaired postprandial lipid clearance. The effect of adding bezafibrate to standard lipid-lowering therapy on postprandial and fasting lipid levels in patients with FD is unknown. In this randomized placebo-controlled double-blind crossover tri...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1194/jlr.M076901
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The surface behavior of a series of cholesteryl esters was studied in mixtures with a model phospholipid, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine. The cholesteryl esters were representative of the predominant forms occurring naturally and qualitative similarities in their phase behavior permits generalization of thei...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optically active 1- or 3-acyl-sn-glycerols were synthesized from 2,3- or 1,2-isopropylidene-sn-glycerols, respectively. The 2,3- or 1,2-isopropylidene-sn-glycerols were condensed with appropriate long saturated or unsaturated fatty acids and the resulting acyl isopropylidene compounds were treated with dimethylboronbr...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The major net flux of cholesterol in the intact animal or human is from the peripheral organs to the liver. This flux is made up of cholesterol that is either synthesized in these peripheral tissues or taken up as lipoprotein cholesterol. This study investigates whether it is the concentration of apolipoprotein (apo) ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The apolipoprotein (apo) B-100-specific monoclonal antibody MB47 has been widely used in lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis research. When bound to apoB-100 on low density lipoproteins (LDL), antibody MB47 completely blocks the binding of LDL to the LDL receptor. The epitope for antibody MB47 has previously be...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several different processes involved in the metabolic fate of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) and its precursor in the biosynthesis route, C24:6n-3, were studied. In cultured skin fibroblasts, the oxidation rate of [1-14C] 24:6n-3 was 2.7 times higher than for [1-14C]22:6n-3, whereas [1-14C]22:6n-3 was incorporat...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M300223-JLR200
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two assays for the quantitative measurement of HMG-CoA reductase, the major regulatory enzyme in hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis, are described. The first of these procedures employs thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of the reaction product on plastic-backed silica gel G strips impregnated with ammonium carbonate. The ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Steroid balance studies were conducted on 24 conventional and 12 germfree male rats, 90-120 days old, fed diets containing either 20% safflower or 20% coconut oil. Both germfree and conventional rats fed the safflower oil diets had significantly lower serum cholesterol levels and significantly higher liver cholesterol...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis, exists in one active (dephosphorylated) and one inactive (phosphorylated) form in liver microsomes obtained from several animal species. The present study was undertaken in order to dete...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(13)C-Cholesterol was produced with high efficiency by a genetically engineered yeast strain. The method produces ∼ 1 mg of cholesterol per gram of glucose using 100 ml of culture medium. Uniform 94% enrichment where the most abundant product is the fully enriched isotopomer (u-(13)C(27)) is obtained using (u-(13)C(6)...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D014209
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets that contained 20% by weight soybean oil or rapeseed oil (21% and 43% erucic acid) for 7 days. The rapeseed oil diets increased the cardiac triacylglycerol content 5-fold and 25-fold, respectively, above control values. Hearts were removed from the animals and perfused with modi...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown that expression of a human apoE cDNA in J774 macrophages enhances cholesterol efflux to HDL3. We have also shown that endogenous apoE expression produces a cell surface pool of apoE associated with proteoglycans. In this series of experiments, we first demonstrate the presence of a cell surfac...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expression of bile salt export pump (BSEP) is regulated by the bile acid/farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling pathway. Two FXR isoforms, FXRα1 and FXRα2, are predominantly expressed in human liver. We previously showed that human BSEP was isoform-dependently regulated by FXR and diminished with altered expression of F...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M038323
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method has been described for the measurement of apoB concentration and specific activity in very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) during metabolic studies. For measurement of specific activity, apoB was separated from other apolipoproteins and lipids by precipitation in, and subseque...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSLs) catalyze the thioesterification of long-chain FAs into their acyl-CoA derivatives. Purified ACSL4 is an arachidonic acid (20:4)-preferring ACSL isoform, and ACSL4 is therefore a probable regulator of lipid mediator production in intact cells. Eicosanoids play important roles in ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M013292
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipid and cholesterol metabolism in the postprandial phase is associated with both quantitative and qualitative remodeling of HDL particle subspecies that may influence their anti-atherogenic functions in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway. We evaluated the capacity of whole plasma or isolated HDL particles to ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.P009746
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A gas-liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric method of determining the position of oxygen atoms on polyfunctional fatty acids has been explored. The method consists of reduction of keto, hydroperoxy, epoxy, and carboxylic acid groups with LiAlH(4) to the corresponding alcohols; trimethylsilylation with bis(trimethy...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1969-03-01 00:00:00
