Abstract：
:Nitrogen is the major component of Earth's atmosphere and plays important roles in biochemistry. Biological systems have evolved a variety of mechanisms for fixing and recycling environmental nitrogen sources, which links them tightly with terrestrial nitrogen reservoirs. However, prior to the emergence of biology, all nitrogen cycling was abiological, and this cycling may have set the stage for the origin of life. It is of interest to understand how nitrogen cycling would proceed on terrestrial planets with comparable geodynamic activity to Earth, but on which life does not arise. We constructed a kinetic mass-flux model of nitrogen cycling in its various major chemical forms (e.g., N2, reduced (NHx) and oxidized (NOx) species) between major planetary reservoirs (the atmosphere, oceans, crust, and mantle) and included inputs from space. The total amount of nitrogen species that can be accommodated in each reservoir, and the ways in which fluxes and reservoir sizes may have changed over time in the absence of biology, are explored. Given a partition of volcanism between arc and hotspot types similar to the modern ones, our global nitrogen cycling model predicts a significant increase in oceanic nitrogen content over time, mostly as NHx, while atmospheric N2 content could be lower than today. The transport timescales between reservoirs are fast compared to the evolution of the environment; thus atmospheric composition is tightly linked to surface and interior processes. Key Words: Nitrogen cycle-Abiotic-Planetology-Astrobiology. Astrobiology 18, 897-914.
journal_name
Astrobiologyjournal_title
Astrobiologyauthors
Laneuville M,Kameya M,Cleaves HJ 2nddoi
10.1089/ast.2017.1700subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-01 00:00:00pages
897-914issue
7eissn
1531-1074issn
1557-8070journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ASTROBIOLOGY文献大全abstract：:Bacterial endospores in the genus Bacillus are considered good models for studying interplanetary transfer of microbes by natural or human processes. Although spore survival during transfer itself has been the subject of considerable study, the fate of spores in extraterrestrial environments has received less attentio...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2005.5.536
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aqueous solutions on Mars are theorized to contain very different ion compositions than those on Earth. To determine the effect of such solutions on typical environmental micro-organisms, which could be released from robotic spacecraft or human exploration activity, we investigated the resistance of Sphingomonas desic...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2018.1840
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In June 2003, the geochemical composition of geothermal fluids was determined at 9 sites in the Vulcano hydrothermal system, including sediment seeps, geothermal wells, and submarine vents. Compositional data were combined with standard state reaction properties to determine the overall Gibbs free energy (DeltaG(r) ) ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2007.0128
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We propose a terahertz (far-infrared) circular dichroism-based life-detection technology that may provide a universal and unequivocal spectroscopic signature of living systems regardless of their genesis. We argue that, irrespective of the specifics of their chemistry, all life forms will employ well-structured, chira...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/153110703322610609
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Raman spectroscopy can provide chemical information about organic and inorganic substances quickly and nondestructively with little to no sample preparation, thus making it an ideal instrument for Mars rover missions. The ESA ExoMars planetary mission scheduled for launch in 2018 will contain a miniaturized Raman spec...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2015.1334
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungi are not only present on Earth but colonize spacecraft and space stations as well. This review provides an extensive overview of the large and diverse group of fungal species that have been found in space, as well as those corresponding detection methods used and the existing and potential future prevention and c...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ast.2018.1854
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The so-called Fermi paradox claims that if technological life existed anywhere else, we would see evidence of its visits to Earth--and since we do not, such life does not exist, or some special explanation is needed. Enrico Fermi, however, never published anything on this topic. On the one occasion he is known to have...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2014.1247
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:In this paper, percolation theory is employed to place tentative bounds on the probability p of interstellar travel and the emergence of a civilization (or panspermia) that colonizes the entire Galaxy. The ensuing ramifications with regard to the Fermi paradox are also explored. In particular, it is suggeste...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2015.1411
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Astrobiology is an inherently interdisciplinary area of study, demanding communication across multiple fields: astronomy, geochemistry, planetary science, and so on. Successful communication requires that researchers be aware of the basic findings, open questions, and tools and techniques of allied fields and possess ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2017.1710
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We highlight the role of COSPAR and the scientific community in defining and updating the framework of planetary protection. Specifically, we focus on Mars "Special Regions," areas where strict planetary protection measures have to be applied before a spacecraft can explore them, given the existence of environmental c...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2016.1472
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stromatolite structures in Early Archean carbonate deposits form an important clue for the existence of life in the earliest part of Earth's history. Since Mars is thought to have had similar environmental conditions early in its history, the question arises as to whether such stromatolite structures also evolved ther...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2009.0388
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Small-scale terracing (microterracettes) is a surface geomorphic feature that recurs under a range of environmental settings, such as those existing in high to low temperature geothermal springs and evaporitic environments, through the single or combined action of physicochemical agents and microbiological processes. ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2017.1646
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epsomite (MgSO(4).7H(2)O) and hexahydrite (MgSO(4).6H(2)O) are common minerals found in marine evaporite deposits, in saline lakes as precipitates, in weathering zones of coal and metallic deposits, in some soils and their efflorescences, and possibly on the surface of Europa as evaporite deposits. Thermodynamic prope...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/153110703322610708
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tetrapyrroles are essential to basic biochemical processes such as electron transfer and photosynthesis. However, it is not known whether these evolutionary old molecules have a prebiotic origin. We have serendipitously obtained pyrroles, which are the corresponding monomers, in laboratory experiments that simulated t...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2012.0934
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review the in situ geochronology experiments conducted by the Mars Science Laboratory mission's Curiosity rover to understand when the Gale Crater rocks formed, underwent alteration, and became exposed to cosmogenic radiation. These experiments determined that the detrital minerals in the sedimentary rocks of Gale ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1089/ast.2018.1871
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymeric compounds similar to oligonucleotides are relevant to the origin of life and particularly to the concept of an RNA world. Although short oligomers of RNA can be synthesized nonenzymatically under laboratory conditions by second-order reactions in concentrated solutions, there is no consensus on how these pol...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/15311070152757465
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We observed 20-200 m sized low-albedo seepage-like streaks and their annual change on defrosting polar dunes in the southern hemisphere of Mars, based on the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC), High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC), and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) images. The structures originate from da...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2007.0212
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of the spectacular developments in our understanding of the molecular basis that underlies biological phenomena, we still lack a generally agreed-upon definition of life, but this is not for want of trying. Life is an empirical concept; and, as suggested by the many unsuccessful efforts to define it, this tas...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2010.0535
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The search for organic molecules at the surface of Mars is a top priority of the next Mars exploration space missions: Mars Science Laboratory (NASA) and ExoMars (ESA). The detection of organic matter could provide information about the presence of a prebiotic chemistry or even biological activity on this planet. Ther...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2011.0756
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We critically investigate some evolutionary aspects of the famous Drake equation, which is usually presented as the central guide for research on extraterrestrial intelligence. It is shown that the Drake equation tacitly relies on unverified assumptions on both the physicochemical history of our galaxy and the propert...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/153110704323175160
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbialites can have complex morphologies that preserve clues to ancient microbial ecology. However, extracting and interpreting these clues is challenging due to both the complexity of microbial structures and the difficulties of connecting morphology to microbial processes. Fenestrate microbialites from the 2521±3...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2010.0560
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract Technologies that enable rapid and efficient extraction of biomarker compounds from various solid matrices are a critical requirement for the successful implementation of in situ chemical analysis of the martian regolith. Here, we describe a portable subcritical water extractor that mimics multiple organic so...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2007.0154
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Fluid inclusions trapped in ancient halite can contain a community of halophilic prokaryotes and eukaryotes that inhabited the surface brines from which the halite formed. Long-term survival of bacteria and archaea and preservation of DNA have been reported from halite, but little is known about the distribu...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2015.1397
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The articles associated with this Special Collection focus on the NASA BASALT (Biologic Analog Science Associated with Lava Terrains) Research Program, which aims at answering the question, "How do we support and enable scientific exploration during human Mars missions?" To answer this the BASALT team conducted scient...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type：
doi：10.1089/ast.2018.1869
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The order of magnitude of increased growth, multiplication rate, and decreased sporulation of Bacillus subtilis after exposure to nanotesla magnetic fields (MFs) relative to control samples were observed experimentally. Earth's total magnetic field intensity was reduced from 47.9 ± 0.4 μT to cover the range from 97.5 ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2020.2288
更新日期：2020-12-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The discovery by NASA's Cassini mission at Saturn in 2005 of a large plume of material erupting from the south polar terrain of Enceladus, sourced within a subsurface ocean of salty liquid water laced with organic compounds, has brought together scientists from a diverse range of disciplines over the last decade to ev...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2017.1711
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Permafrost-affected soils are characterized by a high abundance and diversity of methanogenic communities, which are considered suitable model organisms for potential life on Mars. Methanogens from Siberian permafrost have been proven to be highly resistant against divers stress conditions such as subzero te...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2015.1319
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Water, vital for life, not only maintains the integrity of structural and metabolic biomolecules, it also transports them in solution or colloidal suspension. Any flow of water through a dormant or fossilized microbial community elutes molecules that are potentially recognizable as biomarkers. We hypothesize that the ...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/153110701753198936
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Raman spectroscopy is being adopted as a nondestructive instrumentation for the robotic exploration of Mars to search for traces of life in the geological record. Here, miniaturized Raman spectrometers of two different types equipped with 532 and 785 nm lasers for excitation, respectively, were compared for the detect...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2012.0879
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a continuous high-pressure flow reactor designed to simulate the unforced convective interaction of hydrothermal solutions and ocean waters with submarine crust on early Earth-conditions appropriate to those that may have led to the onset of life. The experimental operating conditions are appropriate for i...
journal_title：Astrobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/ast.2009.0456
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
