Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The present study investigated differences in reading and spelling outcomes in Dutch and English as a second language (ESL) in adolescents with a high familial risk of dyslexia, of whom some have developed dyslexia (HRDys) while others have not (HRnonDys), in comparison to a low familial risk control group without dyslexia (LRnonDys). This allowed us to investigate the persistence of dyslexia in the first language (L1) and the effect of dyslexia on the second language (L2), which has, in this case, a lower orthographic transparency. Furthermore, the inclusion of the HRnonDys group allowed us to investigate the continuity of the familial risk of dyslexia, as previous studies observed that the HRnonDys group often scores in between the HRDys and LRnonDys group, and whether these readers without reading deficits in Dutch, have more reading difficulties in ESL. METHODS:The data of three groups of adolescents were analyzed; 27 LRnonDys, 25 HRdys 25 HRnonDys. The mean age was 14;1 years; months, and 37 were male. All were native speakers of Dutch, attended regular secondary education (grade 7-10), and were non-native speakers of English. Using MANOVA the groups were compared on Dutch and English word reading fluency (WRF), spelling and vocabulary, Dutch pseudoword and loanword reading fluency, phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatized naming (RAN), and verbal short term and working memory. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare English and Dutch WRF, spelling and vocabulary directly within the three groups. RESULTS:The analyses revealed that the HRDys group had a deficit in both reading and spelling in Dutch and ESL. They also performed poorer than the LRnonDys group on all other measures. Effect sizes were especially large for pseudoword reading and the reaction times during the PA task. The HRnonDys group scored generally poorer than the LRnonDys group but this difference was only significant for Dutch pseudoword reading, PA reaction times and verbal short term memory. In general the HRDys and HRnonDys group scored similar in Dutch and English, except for English WRF where the HRDys group scored slightly better than expected based on their Dutch WRF. DISCUSSION:There was a high persistence of dyslexia. Adolescents with dyslexia had large impairments in reading and spelling, and reading related measures, both in Dutch and ESL. Despite high inter-individual differences, an overall three-step pattern was observed. Adolescents in the HRnonDys group scored in between the HRDys and LRnonDys group, supporting the polygenetic origin of dyslexia and the continuity of the familial risk of dyslexia. The lower orthographic transparency did not have a negative effect on L2 reading, spelling and vocabulary, both in the HRnonDys and HRDys group. The latter group performed slightly better than expected in L2, which may be a result of the massive exposure to English and high motivation to use English by adolescents.
journal_name
PeerJjournal_title
PeerJauthors
van Setten ERH,Tops W,Hakvoort BE,van der Leij A,Maurits NM,Maassen BAMdoi
10.7717/peerj.3895subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-10-16 00:00:00pages
e3895issn
2167-8359pii
3895journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PeerJ文献大全abstract::Ocean warming threatens the functioning of coral reef ecosystems by inducing mass coral bleaching and mortality events. The link between temperature and coral bleaching is now well-established based on observations that mass bleaching events usually occur when seawater temperatures are anomalously high. However, times...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7473
更新日期:2019-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Bioluminescent reporter genes, such as those from fireflies and bacteria, let researchers use light production as a non-invasive and non-destructive surrogate measure of microbial numbers in a wide variety of environments. As bioluminescence needs microbial metabolites, tagging microorganisms with luciferases means on...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2130
更新日期:2016-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Apis cerana cerana relies on its sensitive olfactory system to perform foraging activities in the surrounding environment. Olfactory receptors (ORs) are a primary requirement for odorant recognition and coding. However, the molecular recognition of volatile compounds with ORs in A. cerana cerana is still not clear. He...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.5005
更新日期:2018-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The association between asthma (AS), allergic rhinitis (AR) and oral diseases remains inconclusive in adults. AS and AR often coexist. However, studies that investigate AS, AR together and their association with oral diseases are scarce. Methods:Data from 22,898 men and 28,541 women, aged 21 to 25 years, we...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7643
更新日期:2019-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Mollusc shells are an abundant resource that have been long used to predict the structures of ancient ecological communities, examine evolutionary processes, reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions, track and predict responses to climatic change, and explore the movement of hominids across the globe. Despite the ubi...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9420
更新日期:2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian pelvis is thought to exhibit adaptations to the functional demands of locomotor behaviors. Previous work in primates has identified form-function relationships between pelvic shape and locomotor behavior; few studies have documented such relationships in carnivorans, instead focusing on long bones. Most ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.8574
更新日期:2020-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The Aegean Sea coast of Turkey hosts one of the most important nesting grounds for loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Mediterranean Sea. Previous studies have revealed that the sea turtle carapace provides favourable conditions for various epibiontic organisms. Epibionts occurring on the carapac...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9406
更新日期:2020-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::The vibrating reed frequency meter, originally employed by Békésy and later by Wilson as a cochlear model, uses a set of tuned reeds to represent the cochlea's graded bank of resonant elements and an elastic band threaded between them to provide nearest-neighbour coupling. Here the system, constructed of 21 reeds prog...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1333
更新日期:2015-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::A previous study found that use of the traditional halibut hook (čibu.d) of the Makah Tribe in present day recreational Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) fisheries significantly reduced bycatch compared to paired 8/0 circle hooks. The study also found that the čibu.d had a significantly reduced catch of halibu...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9288
更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The ferric uptake regulator (Fur) is a transcription factor and the main regulator of iron acquisition in prokaryotes. When bound to ferric iron, Fur recognizes its DNA binding site and generally executes its function by repressing transcription of its target genes. Due to its importance in virulence, the Fu...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.3461
更新日期:2017-07-13 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Biopesticides based on strains of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used globally for effective and environmentally friendly pest control. The most serious threat to the sustainable use of these microbial pesticides is the development of resistance on targeted pests. Populations of Plutella xylos...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7535
更新日期:2019-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::Seasonal upwelling at the northern Pacific coast of Costa Rica offers the opportunity to investigate the effects of pronounced changes in key water parameters on fine-scale dynamics of local coral reef communities. This study monitored benthic community composition at Matapalo reef (10.539°N, 85.766°W) by weekly obser...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1434
更新日期:2015-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Purple Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica) attracts growing attention as a functional food. Its purple coloration is due to high anthocyanin amounts. Light represents a critical parameter affecting anthocyanins biosynthesis. In this study, 'Purple Broccoli', a light-responding pigmentation cultivar, was assess...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.8870
更新日期:2020-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic resistance in our pathogens is medicine's climate change: caused by human activity, and resulting in more extreme outcomes. Resistance emerges in microbial populations when antibiotics act on phenotypic variance within the population. This can arise from either genotypic diversity (resulting from a mutation...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.5801
更新日期:2018-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Because microorganisms are sensitive to temperature, ongoing global warming is predicted to influence microbial community structure and function. We used large-scale warming experiments established at two sites near the northern and southern boundaries of US eastern deciduous forests to explore how microbial communiti...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.358
更新日期:2014-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Cell immobilization is an alternative to microencapsulation for the maintenance of cells in a liquid medium. However, artificial immobilization carriers are expensive and pose a high safety risk. Okara, a food-grade byproduct from soymilk production, is rich in prebiotics. Lactobacilli could provide health enhancing e...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2701
更新日期:2016-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::At the turn of February and March 2020, COVID-19 pandemic reached Europe. Many countries, including Poland imposed lockdown as a method of securing social distance between potentially infected. Stay-at-home orders and movement control within public space not only affected the touristm industry, but also the everyday l...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.10132
更新日期:2020-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::A new species of freshwater crab, Fredius ibiapaba, is described and illustrated from a mid-altitude forested patch in Ipú (Ibiapaba plateau, Ceará, northeastern Brazil), between 635 to 782 m. The new species can be separated from its congeners by the morphology of its first gonopod: proximal half remarkably swollen, ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9370
更新日期:2020-06-29 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Many fish taxa produce sound in voluntary and in disturbance contexts but information on the full acoustic repertoire is lacking for most species. Yet, this knowledge is critical to enable monitoring fish populations in nature through acoustic monitoring. Methods:In this study we characterized the sounds em...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.8559
更新日期:2020-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanisms generating and maintaining biodiversity at regional scales may be evaluated by quantifying β-diversity along environmental gradients. Differences in assemblages result in biotic complementarities and redundancies among sites, which may be quantified through multi-dimensional approaches incorporating taxonom...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.5628
更新日期:2018-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Live trapping is a common tool used to assess demography of small mammals. However, live-trapping is often expensive and stressful to captured individuals. Thus, assessing the relative tradeoffs among study goals, project expenses, and animal well-being is necessary. Here, we evaluated how apparent bias and precision ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7783
更新日期:2019-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitin-proteasome system targets misfolded proteins for degradation. Since the accumulation of such proteins is potentially harmful for the cell, their prompt removal is important. E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases mediate substrate ubiquitination by bringing together the substrate with an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating e...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1725
更新日期:2016-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Determining whether a population is introduced or native to a region can be challenging due to inadequate taxonomy, the presence of cryptic lineages, and poor historical documentation. For taxa with resting stages that bloom episodically, determining origin can be especially challenging as an environmentally-triggered...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.3205
更新日期:2017-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Caloric restriction (CR) can trigger gorging behavior. We examined macronutrient choice and behavior in mice that gorged during restriction compared to restricted non-gorgers and controls. Fifty MF1 male mice were restricted to 75% of ad-libitum food intake (FI), while ten controls were fed ad-lib. Body mass (BM) and ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1091
更新日期:2015-07-02 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. However, there is no useful clinical prognostic predictive tool for ATC so far. Our study identified risk factors for survival of ATC and created a reliable nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific surviv...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9173
更新日期:2020-05-21 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The diagnosis of congenital heart defects is challenging, especially for what concerns conotruncal anomalies. Indeed, although the screening techniques of fetal cardiac anomalies have greatly improved, the detection rate of conotruncal anomalies still remains low due to the fact that they are associated with...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.4561
更新日期:2018-04-06 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Trace elements are essential for the growth and survival of plants, and their concentrations and distributions in plants are effective reflections of ecological adaptation strategies. However, this aspect has seldom been addressed. Method:Changes in the leaf and branch trace elements of Pinus massoniana Lam...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9935
更新日期:2020-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Although anthophilous Coleoptera are regarded to be unspecialised flower-visiting insects, monkey beetles (Scarabaeidae: Hopliini) represent one of the most important groups of pollinating insects in South Africa's floristic hotspot of the Greater Cape Region. South African monkey beetles are known to feed on floral t...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1597
更新日期:2016-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Wild edible mushrooms have been collected and consumed by human groups for centuries, and today they represent a relevant source of food and income for many rural families worldwide. Preserving these non-timber forest products is of great interest, and there is concern about the damage caused by intensive mushroom har...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.8325
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Wildlife biologists often use grid-based designs to sample animals and generate abundance estimates. Although sampling in grids is theoretically sound, in application, the method can be logistically difficult and expensive when sampling elusive species inhabiting extensive areas. These factors make it challenging to s...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.227
更新日期:2013-12-17 00:00:00