Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2017 Report. GOLD Executive Summary.

abstract：:To investigate repair mechanisms in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, we used mice deficient in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT-/-), a key enzyme in glutathione (GSH) and cysteine metabolism. Seventy-two hours after bleomycin (0.03 U/g), GGT-/- mice displayed a different inflammatory response to wild-type mice ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Pardo A,Ruiz V,Arreola JL,Ramírez R,Cisneros-Lira J,Gaxiola M,Barrios R,Kala SV,Lieberman MW,Selman M

更新日期：2003-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Although intensive care units (ICUs) were created for patients with life-threatening illnesses, the ICU environment generates a high risk of iatrogenic events. Identifying medical errors (MEs) that serve as indicators for iatrogenic risk is crucial for purposes of reporting and prevention. OBJECTIVES:We desc...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Garrouste-Orgeas M,Timsit JF,Vesin A,Schwebel C,Arnodo P,Lefrant JY,Souweine B,Tabah A,Charpentier J,Gontier O,Fieux F,Mourvillier B,Troché G,Reignier J,Dumay MF,Azoulay E,Reignier B,Carlet J,Soufir L,OUTCOMEREA Stu

更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Sepsis refers to the clinical syndrome of severe systemic inflammation precipitated by infection. Despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy, sepsis-related morbidity and mortality remain intractable problems in critically ill patients. Moreover, there is no specific treatment strategy for the syndrome of seps...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Mei SH,Haitsma JJ,Dos Santos CC,Deng Y,Lai PF,Slutsky AS,Liles WC,Stewart DJ

更新日期：2010-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Monocyte deactivation has been identified as a major factor of immunosuppression in sepsis and is associated with a loss of surface human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on circulating monocytes. Using flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we investigated this phenomeno...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Le Tulzo Y,Pangault C,Amiot L,Guilloux V,Tribut O,Arvieux C,Camus C,Fauchet R,Thomas R,Drénou B

更新日期：2004-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) develops after inhalation of many different environmental antigens, causing variable clinical symptoms that often make diagnosis uncertain. The prevalence of HP is higher than recognized, especially its chronic form. Mechanisms of disease are still incompletely known. Strategies to im...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Fink JN,Ortega HG,Reynolds HY,Cormier YF,Fan LL,Franks TJ,Kreiss K,Kunkel S,Lynch D,Quirce S,Rose C,Schleimer RP,Schuyler MR,Selman M,Trout D,Yoshizawa Y

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in lung lavage fluids is a marker of tissue damage and type II cell proliferation. Type II pneumocytes are extensively involved in fibrosis. The aim of our study was to verify whether local ALP activity can be held as a marker of fibrosis in chronic interstitial lung disorders. ALP was deter...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Capelli A,Lusuardi M,Cerutti CG,Donner CF

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Increasing epithelial repair and regeneration may hasten resolution of lung injury in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In animal models of ARDS, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) reduces injury and increases epithelial proliferation and repair. The effect of KGF in the human alveol...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Shyamsundar M,McAuley DF,Ingram RJ,Gibson DS,O'Kane D,McKeown ST,Edwards A,Taggart C,Elborn JS,Calfee CS,Matthay MA,O'Kane CM

更新日期：2014-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated ventilation inhomogeneity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through use of the multiple breath N2 washout test (MBW). From an alveolar slope analysis throughout the MBW, we derived two indices, S(cond) and S(acin), as a measure of ventilation inhomogeneity in conductive and ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Verbanck S,Schuermans D,Van Muylem A,Melot C,Noppen M,Vincken W,Paiva M

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The discovery that retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (Rora)-α is highly expressed in lungs of patients with COPD led us to hypothesize that Rora may contribute to the pathogenesis of emphysema. OBJECTIVES:To determine the role of Rora in smoke-induced emphysema. METHODS:Cigarette smoke extract in vitro ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Shi Y,Cao J,Gao J,Zheng L,Goodwin A,An CH,Patel A,Lee JS,Duncan SR,Kaminski N,Pandit KV,Rosas IO,Choi AM,Morse D

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiopathology of chronic cough remains obscure. We evaluated the possibility that chronic cough in nonasthmatic subjects is associated with airway inflammation, and if this is so, what the relationship between this inflammation and the possible etiology of cough might be, as well as its response to inhaled stero...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Boulet LP,Milot J,Boutet M,St Georges F,Laviolette M

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decision analysis was used to compare three alternative strategies for a 6-mo course of treatment for tuberculosis: directly observed drug therapy (DOT), self-administered fixed-dose combination drug therapy, and self-administered conventional individual drug therapy. Estimates of effectiveness were obtained from the ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Moore RD,Chaulk CP,Griffiths R,Cavalcante S,Chaisson RE

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We prospectively investigated the lower airway response in boilermakers overhauling an oil-powered boiler. We studied 26 male boilermakers with a mean age (SD) of 43.3 (8.6) yr. Pre-exposure spirometry and methacholine challenge tests were performed before beginning the boiler overhaul; postexposure tests were perform...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hauser R,Elreedy S,Hoppin JA,Christiani DC

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter (PM(2.5)) is associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in older and cardiac patients. Potential physiologic effects of in-vehicle, roadside, and ambient PM(2.5) were investigated in young, healthy, nonsmoking, male North Carolina Highway Patrol troopers. Nine troo...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Riediker M,Cascio WE,Griggs TR,Herbst MC,Bromberg PA,Neas L,Williams RW,Devlin RB

更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The serial computed tomography findings and prognosis of the acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are not yet well defined in a larger number of cases. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the parenchymal abnormalities and prognosis using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in acute exacerbatio...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Akira M,Kozuka T,Yamamoto S,Sakatani M

更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Acute lung injury (ALI) acts as a complex genetic trait, yet its genetic risk factors remain incompletely understood. Large-scale genotyping has not previously been reported for ALI. OBJECTIVES:To identify ALI risk variants after major trauma using a large-scale candidate gene approach. METHODS:We performed...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Meyer NJ,Li M,Feng R,Bradfield J,Gallop R,Bellamy S,Fuchs BD,Lanken PN,Albelda SM,Rushefski M,Aplenc R,Abramova H,Atochina-Vasserman EN,Beers MF,Calfee CS,Cohen MJ,Pittet JF,Christiani DC,O'Keefe GE,Ware LB,May AK

更新日期：2011-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to its central role in hemostasis, thrombin may play a role in inflammation and remodeling. To investigate the contribution of thrombin to allergic airway inflammation in asthma, we used an enzymatic assay to determine thrombin activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from 19 subjects with atopic ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Terada M,Kelly EA,Jarjour NN

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Phthalates are used widely in consumer products. Exposure to several phthalates has been associated with respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function. Associations between children's phthalate exposures and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Fe(NO)), a biomarker of airway inflammation, have not been examine...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Just AC,Whyatt RM,Miller RL,Rundle AG,Chen Q,Calafat AM,Divjan A,Rosa MJ,Zhang H,Perera FP,Goldstein IF,Perzanowski MS

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A group of male amateur cyclists was studied in the summer of 1991 in the east of the Netherlands. Lung function was measured before and after training sessions or competitive races on a number of occasions. Continuous heart rate monitors were employed to document exercise levels. Heart rate averaged 161 beats/min dur...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Brunekreef B,Hoek G,Breugelmans O,Leentvaar M

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-term increases in particulate air pollution are associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular events. Previously, we showed that intratracheally instilled diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are prothrombotic. Here, we investigated the time course and the mechanisms. At 1, 6, and 24 hours after instillation ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nemmar A,Nemery B,Hoet PH,Vermylen J,Hoylaerts MF

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was undertaken to assess the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), as both represent important parameters of outcome after lung transplantation. HRQOL was measured both cross-sectionally and longitudinally by standardized patient self...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： van Den BERG JW,Geertsma A,van Der BIJ W,Koëter GH,de BOER WJ,Postma DS,ten VERGERT EM

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Vitamin D has been shown to be involved in the host immune response toward Mycobacterium tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES:To test whether vitamin D supplementation of patients with tuberculosis (TB) improved clinical outcome and reduced mortality. METHODS:We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Wejse C,Gomes VF,Rabna P,Gustafson P,Aaby P,Lisse IM,Andersen PL,Glerup H,Sodemann M

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge of the local and regional doses of inhaled particulates is crucial for inhalation therapy and for understanding the progression of pulmonary disease. We studied the deposition pattern of radioactively tagged particles in rats with chronic bronchitis. Rats were exposed to sulfur dioxide (SO2; 236 +/- 14 ppm) ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sweeney TD,Skornik WA,Brain JD,Hatch V,Godleski JJ

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Infection with Pneumocystis, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, can result in fulminant pneumonia in the clinical setting of patients with immunosuppression. In murine models, Pneumocystis has previously been shown to induce a CD4+ T cell-dependent eosinophilic response in the lung capable of providing protect...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Eddens T,Campfield BT,Serody K,Manni ML,Horne W,Elsegeiny W,McHugh KJ,Pociask D,Chen K,Zheng M,Alcorn JF,Wenzel S,Kolls JK

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:FVC has emerged as a standard primary endpoint in clinical trials evaluating novel therapies for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, it has recently been proposed that all-cause mortality or a composite comprised of all-cause mortality and all-cause nonelective hospitalization be adopt...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： King TE Jr,Albera C,Bradford WZ,Costabel U,du Bois RM,Leff JA,Nathan SD,Sahn SA,Valeyre D,Noble PW

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the annual decline of lung function in subjects with self-reported asthma, we analyzed data from a longitudinal epidemiologic study. The Copenhagen City Heart Study. The study sample consisted of 10,952 subjects (4,824 men), 20 to 90 yr of age, randomly selected from the city of Copenhagen followed over...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Ulrik CS,Lange P

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:IL-9 is a pleiotropic cytokine that has multiple effects on structural as well as numerous hematopoietic cells, which are central to the pathogenesis of asthma. OBJECTIVES:The contribution of IL-9 to asthma pathogenesis has thus far been unclear, due to conflicting reports in the literature. These earlier st...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kearley J,Erjefalt JS,Andersson C,Benjamin E,Jones CP,Robichaud A,Pegorier S,Brewah Y,Burwell TJ,Bjermer L,Kiener PA,Kolbeck R,Lloyd CM,Coyle AJ,Humbles AA

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arousal is believed to be needed for upper airway opening in obstructive hypopneas-apneas, without compelling evidence to support this notion. The association may be incidental. I studied the temporal relation between arousal and opening and impact of arousal on flow response at opening in 82 patients (apnea-hypopnea ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Younes M

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inheritance of asthma, evident from its high family concordance, is not well understood. To investigate whether asthma may be inherited through a major gene with two alleles, segregation analyses were conducted in 3,369 individuals from 906 nuclear families enrolled, without selection, in a longitudinal study of r...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Holberg CJ,Elston RC,Halonen M,Wright AL,Taussig LM,Morgan WJ,Martinez FD

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nasal mucosal is the first site of contact with inhaled antigens. However, the nature of local immune responses and the role of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) in those responses have rarely been studied. To characterize the cells involved in mucosally derived immune responses, NALT and Peyer's patch (PP) ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Heritage PL,Underdown BJ,Arsenault AL,Snider DP,McDermott MR

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 beta), have been associated with accelerated metabolism and protein turnover following exogenous administration in normal humans. We hypothesized that these inflammatory cytokines might contribute to the weight-losing proc...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： de Godoy I,Donahoe M,Calhoun WJ,Mancino J,Rogers RM

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00