Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Drosophila is an important model for studying the evolution of animal immunity, due to the powerful genetic tools developed for D. melanogaster. However, Drosophila is an incredibly speciose lineage with a wide range of ecologies, natural histories, and diverse natural enemies. Surprisingly little functional work has been done on immune systems of species other than D. melanogaster. In this study, we examine the evolution of immune genes in the speciose subgenus Drosophila, which diverged from the subgenus Sophophora (that includes D. melanogaster) approximately 25-40 Mya. We focus on D. neotestacea, a woodland species used to study interactions between insects and parasitic nematodes, and combine recent transcriptomic data with infection experiments to elucidate aspects of host immunity. RESULTS:We found that the vast majority of genes involved in the D. melanogaster immune response are conserved in D. neotestacea, with a few interesting exceptions, particularly in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs); until recently, AMPs were not thought to evolve rapidly in Drosophila. Unexpectedly, we found a distinct diptericin in subgenus Drosophila flies that appears to have evolved under diversifying (positive) selection. We also describe the presence of the AMP drosocin, which was previously thought to be restricted to the subgenus Sophophora, in the subgenus Drosophila. We challenged two subgenus Drosophila species, D. neotestacea and D. virilis with bacterial and fungal pathogens and quantified AMP expression. CONCLUSIONS:While diptericin in D. virilis was induced by exposure to gram-negative bacteria, it was not induced in D. neotestacea, showing that conservation of immune genes does not necessarily imply conservation of the realized immune response. Our study lends support to the idea that invertebrate AMPs evolve rapidly, and that Drosophila harbor a diverse repertoire of AMPs with potentially important functional consequences.
journal_name
BMC Evol Bioljournal_title
BMC evolutionary biologyauthors
Hanson MA,Hamilton PT,Perlman SJdoi
10.1186/s12862-016-0805-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-10-24 00:00:00pages
228issue
1issn
1471-2148pii
10.1186/s12862-016-0805-yjournal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The ability of an immune system to remember pathogens improves the chance of the host to survive a second exposure to the same pathogen. This immunological memory has evolved in response to the pathogen environment of the hosts. In vertebrates, the memory of previous infection is physiologically accomplished...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-380
更新日期:2010-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Through its ability to open pores in cell membranes, perforin-1 plays a key role in the immune system. Consistent with this role, the gene encoding perforin shows hallmarks of complex evolutionary events, including amplification and pseudogenization, in multiple species. A large proportion of these events oc...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-020-01698-1
更新日期:2020-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adaptive protein evolution is common in several Drosophila species investigated. Some studies point to very weak selection operating on amino-acid mutations, with average selection intensities on the order of Nes approximately in D. melanogaster and D. simulans. Species with lower effective population sizes ...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-334
更新日期:2008-12-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Unlike northern Europe and most of northern North America, the Eastern Palearctic and the northwesternmost tip of North America are believed to have been almost unglaciated during the Quarternary glacial periods. This could have facilitated long-term survival of many organisms in that area. To evaluate this,...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-35
更新日期:2010-02-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The evolutionary highly conserved neurohypophyseal hormones oxytocin and arginine vasopressin play key roles in regulating social cognition and behaviours. The effects of these two peptides are meditated by their specific receptors, which are encoded by the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) and arginine vasopressin r...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0372-7
更新日期:2015-05-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the common assumption that multiple mating should in general be favored in males, but not in females, to date there is no consensus on the general impact of multiple mating on female fitness. Notably, very little is known about the genetic and physiological features underlying the female response to ...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-014-0239-3
更新日期:2014-11-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Development of phylogenetic methods that do not rely on fossils for the study of evolutionary processes through time have revolutionized the field of evolutionary biology and resulted in an unprecedented expansion of our knowledge about the tree of life. These methods have helped to shed light on the macroev...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-88
更新日期:2012-06-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Opsins are the only class of proteins used for light perception in image-forming eyes. Gene duplication and subsequent functional divergence of opsins have played an important role in expanding photoreceptive capabilities of organisms by altering what wavelengths of light are absorbed by photoreceptors (spec...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0823-9
更新日期:2016-11-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Populations of herbivorous insects may become genetically differentiated because of local adaptation to different hosts and climates as well as historical processes, and further genetic divergence may occur following the development of reproductive isolation among populations. Here we investigate the populat...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-017-1116-7
更新日期:2017-12-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The TRIM family is composed of multi-domain proteins that display the Tripartite Motif (RING, B-box and Coiled-coil) that can be associated with a C-terminal domain. TRIM genes are involved in ubiquitylation and are implicated in a variety of human pathologies, from Mendelian inherited disorders to cancer, a...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-225
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dung beetles (subfamily Scarabaeinae) are popular model organisms in ecology and developmental biology, and for the last two decades they have experienced a systematics renaissance with the adoption of modern phylogenetic approaches. Within this period 16 key phylogenies and numerous additional studies with ...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0822-x
更新日期:2016-11-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sperm storage plays a key role in the reproductive success of many sexually-reproducing organisms, and the capacity of long-term sperm storage varies across species. While there are theoretical explanations for why such variation exists, to date there are no controlled empirical tests of the reproductive con...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-020-01704-6
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Morphological diversity among closely related animals can be the result of differing growth patterns. The Australian radiation of agamid lizards (Amphibolurinae) exhibits great ecological and morphological diversity, which they have achieved on a continent-wide scale, in a relatively short period of time (30...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1335-6
更新日期:2019-01-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In addition to providing phylogenetic relationships, tree making procedures such as parsimony and maximum likelihood can make specific predictions of actual historical sequences. Resurrection of such sequences can be used to understand early events in evolution. In the case of RNA, the nature of parsimony is...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-218
更新日期:2011-07-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cetacean brain size expansion is an enigmatic event in mammalian evolution, yet its genetic basis remains poorly explored. Here, all exons of the seven primary microcephaly (MCPH) genes that play key roles in size regulation during brain development were investigated in representative cetacean lineages. RES...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-017-1051-7
更新日期:2017-08-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Polyploidization is a prominent process in plant evolution, whereas the mechanism and tempo-spatial process remained poorly understood. Oryza officinalis complex, a polyploid complex in the genus Oryza, could exemplify the issues not only for it covering a variety of ploidy levels, but also for the pantropic...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-250
更新日期:2009-10-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-014-0264-2
更新日期:2014-12-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fiddler crabs, genus Uca, are classic examples of how intense sexual selection can produce exaggerated male traits. Throughout the genus the enlarged "major" cheliped (claw) of the male fiddler crab is used both as a signal for attracting females and as a weapon for combat with other males. However, the morp...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-137
更新日期:2013-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stripes and other high contrast patterns found on animals have been hypothesised to cause "motion dazzle", a type of defensive coloration that operates when in motion, causing predators to misjudge the speed and direction of object movement. Several recent studies have found some support for this idea, but l...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-014-0201-4
更新日期:2014-09-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A comprehensive evolutionary analysis of bacterial genomes implies to identify the hallmark of vertical and non-vertical signals and to discriminate them from the presence of mere phylogenetic noise. In this report we have addressed the impact of factors like the universal distribution of the genes, their es...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-S1-S7
更新日期:2007-02-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Understanding the processes underlying diversification is a central question in evolutionary biology. For butterflies, access to new host plants provides opportunities for adaptive speciation. On the one hand, locally abundant host species can generate ecologically significant selection pressure. But a diver...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0701-5
更新日期:2016-06-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The evolution and origin of cave organisms is a recurring issue in evolutionary studies, but analyses are often hindered by the inaccessibility of caves, morphological convergence, and complex colonization processes. Here we investigated the evolutionary history of Nesticella cave spiders, which are mainly d...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-183
更新日期:2013-09-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Rhinopomatidae, traditionally considered to be one of the most ancient chiropteran clades, remains one of the least known groups of Rhinolophoidea. No relevant fossil record is available for this family. Whereas there have been extensive radiations in related families Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae, th...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-165
更新日期:2007-09-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Phenotypic integration among different anatomical parts of the head is a common phenomenon across vertebrates. Interestingly, despite centuries of research into the factors that contribute to the existing variation in brain size among vertebrates, little is known about the role of phenotypic integration in b...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-14-39
更新日期:2014-03-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent publications concerning the interordinal phylogeny of placental mammals have converged on a common signal, consisting of four major radiations with some ambiguity regarding the placental root. The DNA data with which these relationships have been reconstructed are easily accessible from public databas...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-108
更新日期:2007-07-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rosids are a major clade in the angiosperms containing 13 orders and about one-third of angiosperm species. Recent molecular analyses recognized two major groups (i.e., fabids with seven orders and malvids with three orders). However, phylogenetic relationships within the two groups and among fabids, malvids...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-217
更新日期:2007-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The coral skeleton consists of CaCO3 deposited upon an organic matrix primarily as aragonite. Currently galaxin, from Galaxea fascicularis, is the only soluble protein component of the organic matrix that has been characterized from a coral. Three genes related to galaxin were identified in the coral Acropor...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-178
更新日期:2009-07-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-37
更新日期:2013-02-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Peninsulas often harvest high genetic diversity through repeated southward migrations of species during glacial maxima. Studies addressing within-species evolutionary responses to climate fluctuations in northeast Asia are limited compared to other regions of the world, and more so in the Korean Peninsula. I...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-019-1347-x
更新日期:2019-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hox genes are known to play a key role in shaping the body plan of metazoans. Evolutionary dynamics of these genes is therefore essential in explaining patterns of evolutionary diversity. Among extant sarcopterygians comprising both lobe-finned fishes and tetrapods, our knowledge of the Hox genes and cluster...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-25
更新日期:2011-01-26 00:00:00