Abstract：
:Despite the serious and well-known health risks associated with cigarette smoking, smoking rates continue to be high, particularly in young women. Positive images of smokers presented by cigarette advertisers appear to affect public opinions of smoking. This paper describes two investigations of the image of smoking held by health science students. Subjects were given a brief description of a fellow student and asked for their first impressions. For some students, the descriptions included the information that the student smoked, while in other conditions this information was deleted. Study One showed that nursing students held a clear and mainly positive stereotype of the young female smoker, regardless of whether or not they smoked themselves. Study Two replicated this finding with a group of physiotherapy students, and extended it to include male smokers. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for community interventions; in particular, it is suggested that the existence of a positive stereotype of the smoker among health professionals could seriously undermine such interventions.
journal_name
Addict Behavjournal_title
Addictive behaviorsauthors
Lee Cdoi
10.1016/0306-4603(89)90063-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
327-33issue
3eissn
0306-4603issn
1873-6327pii
0306-4603(89)90063-4journal_volume
14pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) communities are second only to White Americans in mortality from opioid use disorder (OUD), while the smallest racial/ethnic minority population group in the USA. Those in rural communities experience significant health care disparities, including poorer treatment acces...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106743
更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rates of alcohol consumption are substantially higher among persons with pain, and recent research has focused on elucidating bidirectional pain-alcohol effects. Expectancies for alcohol analgesia could influence the degree to which alcohol confers acute pain-relieving effects, and may amplify the propensity to respon...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106822
更新日期：2021-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Research in the area of human obesity has investigated a variety of factors believed to affect food intake. The present study measured free recall of food and nonfood words to explore the cognitive processing of food and nonfood stimuli by 60 obese and nonobese female subjects. Intentional learning conditions were emp...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4603(85)90056-5
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Despite a common perception that older adults drink less than younger adults, drinking frequency increases with age. The aim of this study was to examine the types of coping motives associated with problem drinkers in addition to the types of specific drinking problems most commonly endorsed by ol...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.08.032
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The Brief Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM) is a multi-dimensional smoking dependence measure that assesses primary dependence motives (PDM; e.g., core dependence marked by tolerance, craving) and secondary dependence motives (SDM; e.g., auxiliary dependence motives such as cognitive ...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.11.017
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated three dimensions of dieting (current dieting, history of dieting, weight suppression) and behaviors related to energy balance in a community sample of 999 women. The three dimensions, current dieting status, history of dieting, and weight suppression, were examined in relation to dietary...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0306-4603(96)00002-0
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incarcerated adolescents' attributions for drug use were investigated. A new 50-item questionnaire, the Inventory of Drug Taking Situations (IDTS), was used to assess reasons for use. The IDTS yields eight subscales corresponding to risky situations identified by Marlatt and others. On the IDTS, subjects indicate how ...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4603(92)90028-t
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study assessed the relationships between alcohol use and smoking cessation in a general population sample (N = 2115) of adults living in a county in north Florida. Nearly half of the sample had ever smoked. Of these, 44% had successfully quit; 34% had tried unsuccessfully to quit; 21% reported never having tried ...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4603(90)90063-4
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonmedical benzodiazepine use is common among adults with opioid use disorder; however, little is known about this co-occurrence. Anxiety sensitivity-the fear of anxiety symptoms and sensations-motivates behaviors to escape and avoid distressing states, and accordingly is associated with coping motives for substance u...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.08.020
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Perceived descriptive norms are one of the strongest predictors of college drinking. Social Identity Theory posits that much of our identity is based on groups with which we affiliate. Prior research suggests that there is an association between perceived descriptive norms and drinking among those who identify more st...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.03.018
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Assertion is a major focus of many social skills interventions for alcoholics. The assessment of assertion often relies on self-report measures. However, few psychometric data are available on the most frequently used instruments. This study determined the internal characteristics and structure of two commonly employe...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4603(89)90012-9
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cigarette smoking-related symptomatology (e.g., craving; SRS) is linked to relapse after a quit attempt. SRS varies by menstrual phase, possibly due to variations in sex hormones (e.g., progesterone), though much of the research to-date has relied on observations from the menstrual cycle acting as a proxy for hormone ...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106148
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between onset of substance use and risk factors related to suicide. METHOD:1252 adolescents in two urban school districts completed surveys as part of a large, randomized controlled prevention effectiveness trial. Risk factors measured included depressive symptoms, suicide ideation...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.11.017
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most investigators have not adequately accounted for the alcohol content of different beverages when assessing alcohol consumption. Considerable research has assessed consumption in terms of the number of standard drinks. A problem with standard drink measures is that different distilled spirits, wines, and malt bever...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4603(91)90064-o
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the natural course of smoking behaviors following substance use treatment, particularly among individuals with comorbid substance use and psychiatric disorders. This study examined smoking cessation efforts among 120 substance abusers with and without psychiatric comorbidity. Participants complet...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.02.051
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mixing alcohol with diet beverages, as compared to mixing the same amount of alcohol with a regular beverage, is associated with greater intoxication. This may occur because diet mixers increase alcohol absorption rates. Thus, it is plausible that the use of diet mixers may increase the risk of alcohol-related harms. ...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.06.021
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine demographic, relationship, and smoking history factors related to expected positive and negative support for quitting smoking among chronically ill veterans. METHODS:Data for this report comes from baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of a support-based smoking cessation intervention f...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.08.013
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although both screen time (ST) and physical activity (PA) are associated with stress, independent and combined associations between ST and PA, and perceived stress among college students, have remained unclear. The present study included 1137 undergraduate medical students from a university in Shenyang, Northeast Chin...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106224
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:When intentions are expressed, e.g., when filling in a health questionnaire, people may have unrealistic beliefs towards behavior change resulting in strong intentions to change. These may fail to correspond to reality when the behavior actually should be performed. Belief incongruence was tested as a poss...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.04.007
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adolescent perceptions of invulnerability toward smoking and nonsmoking-related health risks were examined among 442 continuation high school students. Smokers were less likely than nonsmokers to report feeling invulnerable to both smoking and nonsmoking-related health risks. Among the smokers, those who reported feel...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4603(99)00034-9
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arousal-based theories of gambling suggest that excitement gained from gambling reinforces further gambling behavior. However, recent theories of emotion conceptualize mood as comprising both arousal and valence dimensions. Thus, excitement comprises arousal with positive valence. We examined self-reported changes in ...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.03.030
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Existing research has demonstrated the significance of situational antecedents to substance use. The current study used a cluster analytic approach to identify groups of club drug users who report using substances in similar situations (assessed by the Inventory of Drug Taking Situations) with longitudinal data from 4...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.07.007
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTS:Understanding the neural basis underlying Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of this type of behavioural addiction. Aberrant resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the default mode network (DMN) has been reported in individuals with IGD. Since rsFC is not a dire...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.019
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Drugged driving [DD] is a public health concern, particularly among emerging adults who have the highest rates of drug use. Understanding involvement with DD could inform prevention efforts for this population. We evaluated the prevalence of, motives for, and correlates of past-year DD among emerging adults ...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.11.002
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine differences between gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) and non-GLB university students in alcohol and other drug use (AOD) and related consequences as well as the relevance of violence, perceived safety, and stress to any such differences in AOD use and related concerns. METHODS:A random representat...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.09.005
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive bias toward Internet-related cues is an important factor of the formation and maintenance of the addictive behavior of problematic Internet users (PIUs). The development of fiber-optic communication and smartphones has ushered human society into the era of wireless networks. The Wi-Fi signal, the symbol of w...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106201
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The prevalence of electronic cigarette use has grown over the past decade, with some users reportedly initiating e-cigarette use primarily due to flavors. This study examined the role of flavors in initiation among adult e-cigarette users, as well as the association of flavors with satisfaction and perceived...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106077
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of disengagement beliefs in smoking cessation. The association of disengagement beliefs with forward transition through the transtheoretical stages of change and self-reported quitting were examined, with and without adjusting for processes of change. ...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.02.012
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An intrinsic-extrinsic model of motivation for smoking cessation is extended to a population-based sample of smokers (N = 1,137), using a previously validated Reasons for Quitting (RFQ) scale. Psychometric evaluation of the RFQ replicated the model that includes health concerns and self-control as intrinsic motivation...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-4603(97)00059-2
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and severity of binge eating among 432 women seeking behavioral treatment for obesity and to assess the relationship between binge eating and dietary restraint. Subjects completed standardized self-report questionnaires which assessed the severity of binge ea...
journal_title：Addictive behaviors
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-4603(85)90022-x
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
