Abstract：
:Ketamine is an anesthetic that exhibits analgesic, psychotomimetic, and rapid antidepressant effects that are of particular neuropharmacological interest. Recent studies revealed astrocytic Ca(2+) signaling and regulated exocytosis as ketamine-targeted processes. Thus high-resolution cell-attached membrane capacitance measurements were performed to examine the influence of ketamine on individual vesicle interactions with the plasma membrane in cultured rat astrocytes. Ketamine evoked long-lasting bursts of repetitive opening and closing of the fusion pore that were both time- and concentration-dependent. Moreover, acute application and subanesthetic doses of ketamine elicited a significant increase in the occurrence of bursts that were characterized by a decreased fusion pore conductance, indicating that the fusion pore was stabilized in a narrow configuration. The time- and concentration-dependent increase in burst occurrence was correlated with a decrease in full fission events. This study has demonstrated a novel effect of ketamine manifested as stabilization of a fusion pore incapable of transiting to full vesicle fission, suggestive of an inhibitory effect on vesicle retrieval. This until now unrecognized effect of ketamine on the vesicle fusion pore might play a role in astroglial release and (re)uptake of molecules, modulating synaptic activity. This study demonstrates a novel effect of ketamine on the fusion pore. High-resolution cell-attached membrane capacitance measurements revealed that ketamine evokes long-lasting flickering of a narrow fusion pore that is incapable of transiting to full fission. Astrocytic vesicle fusion/retrieval modified by subanesthetic ketamine doses most likely affects gliotransmission and indicates a non-neuronal mechanism of ketamine action that may contribute to its behavioral effects.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Lasič E,Rituper B,Jorgačevski J,Kreft M,Stenovec M,Zorec Rdoi
10.1111/jnc.13715subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-09-01 00:00:00pages
909-17issue
6eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
138pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The pH dependency of the binding of ligands to adenosine A2a receptors in rat striatal membranes was examined. For those agonists sensitive to adenosine deaminase a solubilised membrane preparation was used. A two- to fourfold increase in affinity was observed for CGS-21680, 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine, adenosine, ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63041477.x
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular adenosine is transported into chromaffin cells by a high-affinity transport system. The action of adenosine receptor ligands was studied in this cellular model. 5'-(N-Ethylcarboxamido)adenosine (NECA), an agonist of A2 receptors, activated adenosine transport. Km values for adenosine were 4.6 +/- 1.0 (n ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04895.x
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are bioactive eicosanoids produced from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases. We previously described the expression of cytochrome P450-2J epoxygenase in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons and that EETs signaling is involved in cerebrovascular dilation resulting from perivascu...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07059.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cathepsin D (CD) was purified to homogeneity from postmortem human cerebral cortex. Incubation of CD with human neurofilament proteins (NFPs) prepared by axonal flotation led to the rapid degradation of the 200,000, 160,000, and 70,000 NFP subunits (200K, 160K, and 70K) which had been separated by one- or two-dimensio...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb00928.x
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of funnel-freezing of rat brain to inactivate metabolic processes and preserve in vivo tissue glucose concentration was validated by comparing the results obtained by funnel-freezing with those obtained with freeze-blowing of brain. The arterial plasma glucose level was clamped at 9 mM in halothane-anesth...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb02066.x
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Melatonin is neuroprotective because of its antioxidative action, but it also can modify neuronal vulnerability by altering gene expression. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) gene expression is suppressed by the binding of melatonin to its high-affinity nuclear receptors. Recently, we reported that in rats the melatonin deficienc...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69052220.x
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is ample evidence that both acid (ASMase) and neutral (NSMase) sphingomyelinases play a role in cell death so inhibitors of either enzyme could have significant value as protectors against neurodegeneration. We used a fluorogenic sphingomyelinase substrate, 6-hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl-phosphorylchol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2004.02374.x
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant that successfully treats many neuropathic pain syndromes, although the mechanism of its antihyperalgesic action remains elusive. This study aims to help delineate gabapentin's antihyperalgesic mechanisms. We assessed the effectiveness of gabapentin at decreasing mechanical and cold hype...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03263.x
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms of injury-induced apoptosis of neurons within the spinal cord are poorly understood. In this study, we show that spinal cord injury (SCI) induces endoplasmic reticulum stress revealed by the activation of an unbalanced unfolded protein response (UPR). Using a weight-drop contusion model of SCI, the UPR ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04671.x
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro studies indicate that p42/p44MAPK phosphorylate both nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. However, the functional targets of p42/p44MAPK activation in vivo remain unclear. To address this question, we localized activated p42/p44MAPK in hippocampus and cortex and determined their signaling effects after electroco...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70020558.x
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the formation of early endosomes in differentiating oligodendrocytes and type-2 astrocytes, which are derived from common precursor cells in rat neonates, using fluorescent analogues of lactosylceramide (LacCer) and sulfatide labeled with 4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene++ +-3-pentano...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0731375.x
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell aggregation is one of several environmental cues that influence the expression of neurotransmitter phenotype during development. The expression of the catecholaminergic phenotype is increased in rat pheochromocytoma cells cultured at high density. In the present study we have investigated whether this cell densit...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62030844.x
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pilocarpine-induced seizures are mediated by the M(1) subtype of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR), but little is known about the signaling mechanisms linking the receptor to seizures. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascade is activated by M(1) mAChR and is elevated during status epi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00977.x
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aggregation of conformation-abnormal peptides probably plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases. DSCR1 Down syndrome (DS) critical region 1, was identified from a chromosomal region (21q22.1-q22.2) for the clinical manifestations of DS when an extra-copy is present. We report that expres...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02294.x
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cationic amino acids are transported from blood into brain by a saturable carrier at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The transport properties of this carrier were examined in the rat using an in situ brain perfusion technique. Influx into brain via this system was found to be sodium independent and followed Michaelis-M...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb13428.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroactive steroid family includes molecules synthesized in peripheral glands (i.e., hormonal steroids) and directly in the nervous system (i.e., neurosteroids) which are key regulators of the nervous function. As already reported in clinical and experimental studies, neurodegenerative diseases affect the levels of n...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12745
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) is a 30-kDa protein involved in the transport of cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane and thus plays a key role in steroid biosynthesis. To clarify the implications of this protein in neurosteroid biosynthesis, we examined the possible expression of a StAR trans...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71062231.x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder of unknown etiology. We hypothesized that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) aberration could occur in this disease and contribute to its pathogenesis. To address this we created transmitochondrial cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines expressing mi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0751681.x
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex as defined by the binding of [3H]MK-801 has been solubilized from membranes prepared from both rat and porcine brain using the anionic detergent deoxycholate (DOC). Of the detergents tested DOC extracted the most receptors (21% for rat, 34% for pig), and the soluble com...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb02522.x
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of L-2-[3H]amino-4-phosphonobutyrate ([3H]L-AP4) was examined in brain sections of wild-type mice and mice lacking the mGluR4 subtype of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). Very high relative densities of [3H]L-AP4 binding were observed in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex, the nucleus ba...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720835.x
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microdialysis in the awake, freely moving rat was used to determine the effect of pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency on the levels of amino acids in the brain. Studies were carried out on (a) presymptomatic animals immediately before the development of behavioral changes and (b) acute symptomatic animals within ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03635.x
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cross-talk between cannabinoid CB1 and serotonin 5-HT receptors in rat cerebellar membranes was investigated using radioligand binding. In competition against the CB1 antagonist, [3 H]SR141716A, the agonist, WIN 55,212-2 yielded a biphasic isotherm. The majority of binding was to a high-affinity state that was signifi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.0022-3042.2002.00797.x
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this report we demonstrate that a defective herpes simplex virus type one (HSV-1) vector can express enzymatically active tyrosine hydroxylase in cultured striatal cells that are thereby converted into L-DOPA-producing cells. A human tyrosine hydroxylase cDNA (form II) was inserted into an HSV-1 vector (pHSVth) and...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64020487.x
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The specific binding of [3H]imipramine to mouse brain membranes in an assay containing 120 mM NaCl and 5 mM KCl was similar in regional distribution and pharmacological specificity to that reported previously in rat and human brain. However, the absence of ions decreased the density of the specific binding of [3H]imip...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb08492.x
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inhibitory effect of an adenosine analogue, R-N6-phenylisopropyl adenosine (R-PIA), of the cholinergic agonist carbachol, and of morphine on 3H efflux from [3H]choline-labeled field-stimulated rat hippocampal slices was compared with that produced by two inhibitors of N- and L-type Ca2+ channels, omega-conotoxin (...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb01973.x
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotine has been shown to stimulate neurotransmitter release from brain tissue by acting on presynaptic receptors. In this study, the ability of nicotine pretreatment to produce functional desensitization was investigated in rat striatal synaptosomes in which the release of [3H]dopamine was measured with an in vitro ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63020561.x
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) are involved in the generation of action potentials in neurons. Brevetoxins (PbTx) are potent allosteric enhancers of VGSC function and are associated with the periodic 'red tide' blooms. Using PbTx-2 as a probe, we have characterized the effects of activation of VGSC on Ca(2+) dyn...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02407.x
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the present study was to assess metabolic changes in the neocortex and hippocampus of well-oxygenated or moderately hypoxic rats in which fluorothyl-induced seizures were sustained for 5 or 20 min, or which were allowed recovery periods of 5, 15, or 45 min following cessation of 20-min seizure activit...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb08778.x
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methamphetamine causes persistent damage to dopamine nerve endings of the striatum. Repeated, intermittent treatment of mice with low doses of methamphetamine leads to the development of tolerance to its neurotoxic effects. The mechanisms underlying tolerance are not understood but clearly involve more than alteration...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02906.x
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzodiazepine receptor binding was measured in cerebellar cortex of 15 patients with dominantly inherited olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA). The majority of these patients had a moderate to marked Purkinje cell loss, as judged by the lowered levels of dentate nucleus gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a marker of Purk...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb02700.x
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
