Abstract:
:Ruthenium polypyridyl complexes show great promise as new photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents. However, a lack of detailed understanding of their mode of action in cells poses a challenge to their development. We have designed a new Ru(II) PDT candidate that efficiently enters cells by incorporation of the lipophilic aromatic pdppz ([2,3-h]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) ligand and exhibits photoactivity through incorporation of 1,4,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene ancillary ligands. Its photoreactivity toward biomolecules was studied in vitro, where light activation caused DNA cleavage. Cellular internalization occurred via an energy dependent mechanism. Confocal and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the complex localizes in various organelles, including the mitochondria. The complex is nontoxic in the dark, with cellular clearance within 96 h; however, upon visible light activation it induces caspase-dependent and reactive-oxygen-species-dependent apoptosis, with low micromolar IC50 values. This investigation greatly increases our understanding of such systems in cellulo, aiding development and realization of their application in cancer therapy.
journal_name
J Med Chemjournal_title
Journal of medicinal chemistryauthors
Cloonan SM,Elmes RB,Erby M,Bright SA,Poynton FE,Nolan DE,Quinn SJ,Gunnlaugsson T,Williams DCdoi
10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00451subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-11 00:00:00pages
4494-505issue
11eissn
0022-2623issn
1520-4804journal_volume
58pub_type
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