Abstract：
:Recent work has made progress in relating the size of stomata to stomatal functioning and, in particular, the speed of opening and closing and its implications. Calculations of the influence of stomatal size on the potential rate of osmolarity increase, assuming size-independent ion influx rate per unit area of guard cell plasmalemma set at the value found in large (60 μm long) stomata, show that 10 μm long stomata could have at least a 6-fold higher rate of osmolarity increase. There could be a corresponding decrease in the time taken in going from the closed to the fully open state from about 1h to about 10 min; this is approximately the range found for stomata.. However, there are no data on the rate of stomatal movement over a sufficient size range to test this suggestion. Faster opening requires, assuming optimal allocation, a higher activity of the required enzymes per unit volume of guard cells. This is explored for cytosolic carbonic anhydrase which is needed in guard cells, at least in the light, for malic acid synthesis which is involved in stomatal opening in most stomata. Faster opening and closing of smaller than of larger stomata could allow closer tracking of environmental (mainly light) variations, although the available data are not adequate to determine if such a greater tracking occurs. The range of speeds of stomatal movement is similar to that for photoinhibition-related phenomena, despite the very different mechanisms involved.
journal_name
J Exp Botjournal_title
Journal of experimental botanyauthors
Raven JAdoi
10.1093/jxb/eru032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-04-01 00:00:00pages
1415-24issue
6eissn
0022-0957issn
1460-2431pii
eru032journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Phytopathogen infection leads to changes in secondary metabolism based on the induction of defence programmes as well as to changes in primary metabolism which affect growth and development of the plant. Therefore, pathogen attack causes crop yield losses even in interactions which do not end up with disease or death ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/jxb/erm298
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xylella fastidiosa, a xylem-limited bacterial pathogen that causes bacterial leaf scorch in its hosts, has a diverse and extensive host range among plant species worldwide. Previous work has shown that water stress enhances leaf scorch symptom severity and progression along the stem in Parthenocissus quinquefolia infe...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erg046
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual symptoms of the onset of senescence in Sandersonia aurantiaca flowers begin with fading of flower colour and wilting of the tissue. When fully senescent, the flowers form a papery shell that remains attached to the plant. The cell walls of these flowers have been examined to determine whether there are wall mod...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jexbot/53.368.513
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photo-oxidative stress was imposed under natural solar radiation on exposed and shaded sections of detached fruit of immature green tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller = Solanum lycopersicum L.) mutants (anthocyanin absent, beta-carotene, Delta, and high pigment-1) and their nearly isogenic parents ('Ailsa Craig' a...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erj136
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pelargonium graveolens is a wild predecessor to rose-scented geranium hybrids prized for their essential oils used as fragrances and flavorings. However, little is known about their biosynthesis. Here we present metabolic evidence that at least two distinct monoterpene biosynthetic pathways contribute to their volatil...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erz397
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GDP-d-mannose (GDP-d-Man) is an important intermediate in ascorbic acid (AsA) synthesis, cell wall synthesis, protein N-glycosylation, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchoring in plants. Thus, the modulation of intracellular levels of GDP-d-Man could be important for maintaining various cellular processes. Here an A...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erv281
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfate transporters are integral membrane proteins controlling the flux of sulfate (SO42-) entering the cells and subcellular compartments across the membrane lipid bilayers. Sulfate uptake is a dynamic biological process that occurs in multiple cell layers and organs in plants. In vascular plants, sulfate ions are t...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/jxb/erz132
更新日期：2019-08-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a highly conserved molecular chaperone that is involved in modulating a multitude of cellular processes under both physiological and stress conditions. In Arabidopsis, there are seven HSP90 isoforms (HSP90.1-HSP90.7) that are localized in the cytoplasm/nucleus, mitochondrion, chloropla...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/eru403
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One crucial problem that plants faced during their evolution, particularly during the transition to growth on land, was how to transport water, nutrients, metabolites, and small signaling molecules within a large, multicellular body. As a solution to this problem, land plants developed specific tissues for conducting ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/jxb/erw473
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transcription factor Woolly (Wo) and its downstream gene CycB2 have been shown to regulate trichome development in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). It has been demonstrated that only the gain-of-function allele of Slwo (SlWoV, the Slwo woolly motif mutant allele) can increase the trichome density; however, it remain...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erz542
更新日期：2020-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The chance to watch floral organs develop live is not to be missed! Here, we outline reasons why quantitative, live-cell imaging is an important approach to study floral morphogenesis, and provide a basic workflow of how to get started. We highlight key advances in morphodynamics of lateral organ development, and disc...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/eraa038
更新日期：2020-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent analysis of the hexokinase (HXK) gene family from Arabidopsis revealed that three hexokinase-like (HKL) proteins lack catalytic activity, but share about 50% identity with the primary glucose (glc) sensor/transducer protein AtHXK1. Since the AtHKL1 protein is predicted to bind glc, although with a relatively ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erp252
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recovery of photosynthesis in rehydrating desiccated leaves of the poikilochlorophyllous desiccation-tolerant plant Xerophyta scabrida was investigated. Detached leaves were remoistened under 12 h light/dark cycles for 96 h. Water, chlorophyll (Chl), and protein contents, Chl fluorescence, photosynthesis-CO(2) concent...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erq317
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:C(4) photosynthesis involves cell-to-cell exchange of photosynthetic intermediates between the Kranz mesophyll (KMS) and bundle sheath (BS) cells. This was believed to occur by simple diffusion through plentiful plasmodesmatal (PD) connections between these cell types. The model of C(4) intermediates' transport was el...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/ern054
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we test the hypothesis that maize genotypes with reduced crown root number (CN) will have greater root depth and improved water acquisition from drying soil. Maize recombinant inbred lines with contrasting CN were evaluated under water stress in greenhouse mesocosms and field rainout shelters. CN varied ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erw243
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the evolution events defining silicon (Si) uptake in plant species is important for the efficient exploration of Si-derived benefits. In the present study, Si accumulation was studied in 456 diverse plant species grown in uniform field conditions, and in a subset of 151 species grown under greenhouse con...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/eraa342
更新日期：2020-12-02 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/eru485
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. SH222) plants and calli were exposed to KCl stress for three weeks. Calli were more tolerant to KCl than plants. KCl stress decreased NO(-)(3), Mn, Fe and B levels in whole plants and P, Ca and Mg in shoots. NO(-)(3), P, Ca, Mg, Mn, and B levels decreased in 100 mM-stressed calli. C...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The floral repressor APETALA2 (AP2) in Arabidopsis regulates flowering through the age pathway. The AP2 ortholog in the alpine perennial Arabis alpina, PERPETUAL FLOWERING 2 (PEP2), was previously reported to control flowering through the vernalization pathway via enhancing the expression of another floral repressor P...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/ery423
更新日期：2019-02-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The brownseed mutants (bs(1), bs(2), and bs(4)) of tomato all possess dark testae and deleteriously affect seed germination speed and/or final percentage. Poor germination performance of the bs(1) but not the bs(4) mutant, was due to greater impediment to radicle egress. Testa toughening (bs(1)) was prevented by dryin...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erh112
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Small heat shock proteins are a diverse, ancient, and important family of proteins. All organisms possess small heat shock proteins (sHSPs), indicating that these proteins evolved very early in the history of life prior to the divergence of the three domains of life (Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya). Comparing the stru...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/jxb/ers355
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Low-temperature stress is an important factor affecting the growth and development of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in temperate and high-elevation areas. Cold stress may cause various seedling injuries, delayed heading and yield reduction due to spikelet sterility. In this study, 181 microsatellite marker loci were used to ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erg243
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Storage of phosphorus (P) in stem tissue is important in Mediterranean Proteaceae, because proteoid root growth and P uptake is greatest during winter, whereas shoot growth occurs mostly in summer. This has prompted the present investigation of the P distribution amongst roots, stems, and leaves of Hakea prostrata R.B...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erh111
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tobacco plants were transformed by leaf disc regeneration with the VvHT1 (Vitis vinifera hexose transporter 1) cDNA under the control of the constitutive CaMV 35S promoter in a sense or antisense orientation. Among the 20 sense plants and 10 antisense plants obtained, two sense plants showed a mutant phenotype when gr...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erg119
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leaf senescence is a very important trait that limits yield and biomass accumulation of agronomic crops and reduces post-harvest performance and the nutritional value of horticultural crops. Significant advance in physiological and molecular understanding of leaf senescence has made it possible to devise ways of manip...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/jxb/eru248
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An investigation aimed at a better understanding of the molecular adaptation mechanisms of salt stress was carried out in 7-d-old tomato Solanum lycopersicum (L.) Mill cultivars Patio and 'F144', using a proteomic approach. Total proteins were extracted from radicles and hypocotyls collected from both non-saline contr...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erp075
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is currently the most devastating pathogen of soybean. SCN penetrates the root and migrates toward the central vascular bundle where it establishes a complex multinucleated feeding structure that provides plant-derived nutrients to support the development and growth of the nematode. To iden...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erm211
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the complex relationship between ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA) on flower development and senescence in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. was investigated. Ethylene biosynthetic (HrsACS and HrsACO) and receptor (HrsETR and HrsERS) genes were isolated and their expression evaluated in three different floral tis...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/err218
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An investigation was carried out to assess the effect of nitrate supply on the root plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase of etiolated maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings grown in hydroponics. The treatment induced higher uptake rates of the anion and the expression of a putative high-affinity nitrate transporter gene (ZmNRT2.1), ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erg208
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that antioxidants play a role in regulating or modulating senescence dynamics of plant tissues. Ethylene has been shown to promote early plant senescence while controlled atmospheres (CA; reduced O2 levels and elevated CO2 levels) can delay its onset and/or severity. In order to examine the possi...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jexbot/51.344.645
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
