Abstract:
:Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized clinically by rest tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and pathologically by degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons. Motor fluctuations (wearing off) and motor complications (dyskinesia) are common features of the long-term treatment of PD. Ongoing clinical and preclinical research has led to the discovery of promising new therapeutic targets that might prevent or reduce motor complications. Newer approaches modulating non-dopaminergic systems including adenosine A2A antagonists, monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors, glutamatergic antagonists, adrenergic receptor antagonists and serotonergic agents are encouraging strategies for management of advanced PD. Recent developments in levodopa delivery formulations include duodenal infusion of a levodopa/carbidopa, new extended-release levodopa and oral pro-levodopa forms. Recent clinical trials revealed diverse but promising results raising the possibility of new therapeutic modalities for PD in the near future.
journal_name
Expert Rev Neurotherjournal_title
Expert review of neurotherapeuticsauthors
Ramirez-Zamora A,Molho Edoi
10.1586/14737175.2014.868306subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
93-103issue
1eissn
1473-7175issn
1744-8360journal_volume
14pub_type
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