Methodology for estimating cancer risks of diagnostic medical exposure: with an example of the risks associated with computed tomography.

abstract：:Uptake of 226Ra, 232Th, 230Th, and 228Th from water, sediment, and diet sources to bone and muscle of white suckers (Catostomus commersoni) was studied in sixteen lakes in the uranium-mining district of Ontario, Canada. Fish tissues did not increase linearly with environmental concentrations. The best relationship app...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Pyle GG,Clulow FV

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An unventilated 70 m underground space, with 2.1 m high ceilings and an inner set of concrete walls to damp vibrations, was discovered to have relatively stable radon levels of ~1,080 Bq m over a 1-y period. The addition of radium sources was not required to achieve high and somewhat variable radon levels, as these ar...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Carmona MA,Kearfott KJ

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal radiation dose estimates were calculated for women who received oral administrations of 59Fe at Vanderbilt University in the 1940's. A similar dosimetry analysis was performed by Dyer and Brill in 1972; the availability of recently developed physical models of the pregnant female at different stages of gestation...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Stabin MG,Stubbs JB,Russell JR

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soils, vegetation, small mammals, and birds were measured for uranium series radionuclides at three sites near the operating Key Lake uranium mill in northern Saskatchewan. Sites, impacted by windblown tailings and mill dust, had significantly higher concentrations of uranium, 226Ra, 210Pb, and 210Po in soils, litter,...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Thomas PA

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current feasibility of protecting emergency responders through bone marrow selective shielding is highlighted in the recent OECD/NEA report on severe accident management. Until recently, there was no effective personal protection from externally penetrating gamma radiation. In Chernobyl, first-responders wore make...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Waterman G,Kase K,Orion I,Broisman A,Milstein O

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following a radiation emergency, evacuated, sheltered or other members of the public would require monitoring for external and/or internal contamination and, if indicated, decontamination. In addition, the potentially-impacted population would be identified for biodosimetry/bioassay or needed medical treatment (chelat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Miller CW,Ansari A,Martin C,Chang A,Buzzell J,Whitcomb RC Jr

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The materials cycle for (137)Cs, a low-level radioactive material of interest from a security perspective (as a possible source for "dirty bombs") as well as for its extensive industrial and medical uses, has been characterized for the United States for the year 2000. The focus is on products utilizing the isotope rat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Okumura T,Graedel TE

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes an environmental radionuclide baseline study undertaken for the Department of National Defence in Canada. The purpose of the project was to establish levels of radionuclides present in the environment around areas where nuclear propelled vessels may be berthed. Specifically, this report describes...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Waller EJ,Cole D

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The destruction of the Unit 4 reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant resulted in the generation of radioactive contamination and radioactive waste at the site and in the surrounding area (referred to as the Exclusion Zone). In the course of remediation activities, large volumes of radioactive waste were generate...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Napier BA,Schmieman EA,Voitsekovitch O

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A personal 222Rn and gamma-ray detector has been developed. The detector precision is limited only by the Poisson counting error and has a lower limit of detection in this study of 4.5 kBq m-3 h (4 pCi L-1 day). The detector was used in a study of 52 homes in Illinois to measure the personal exposure vs. the simultane...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Harley NH,Chittaporn P,Roman MH,Sylvester J

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data on nuclear medicine thyroid examinations performed in Manitoba (population 1 million) from 1981-1985 were collected, with more detailed demographic data obtained on 1,100 consecutive patients between June 1987 and January 1988. An average of 2,081 patients were examined per year, 81% female and 19% male, represen...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Huda W,Gordon K,Greenberg ID

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measurements of the gross beta activity of snow samples from four Alpine glaciers contaminated by radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear accident and a gamma-spectrum analysis of selected samples are reported. The results are discussed with respect to possible risks to the population from using meltwater from ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ambach W,Rehwald W,Blumthaler M,Eisner H,Brunner P

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depleted uranium (DU) is an alpha particle emitter and radioactive heavy metal used in military applications. Due to internalization of DU during military operations and the ensuing chronic internal exposure to DU, there are concerns regarding its potential health effects. Preconceptional paternal irradiation has been...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Miller AC,Stewart M,Rivas R

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many first responders are outfitted with electronic personal dosimeters to recognize and be alerted to radiological hazards during their response operations. These dosimeters provide invaluable measurement data for force protection, allowing the first responder to assess a response situation and take protective measur...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Fabian R,Bell J,Brandl A

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small plastic chambers containing alpha track detectors are often used for measuring indoor concentrations of 222Rn. This paper reports an experimental assessment of sources of error in measurements made with alpha track detector-containing chambers. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a nondestructive test for...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dudney CS,Wilson DL,Bertini H,Gammage RB,Otten JA

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Guidelines for occupational exposure to radiation are based on annual absorbed or effective dose. Guidelines for Rn exposure are currently based on air concentrations of Rn or decay products. Models of bronchial dose from decay product exposure are based on calculations that have five major parameters with parameter v...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Harley NH

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prevalence of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer was studied in the indigenous population residing on Ebeye Island, Kwajalein Atoll, in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. This island, centrally located in the nation, is home to about 25% of the nation's population, many who have migrated there from other atolls...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Takahashi T,Trott KR,Fujimori K,Simon SL,Ohtomo H,Nakashima N,Takaya K,Kimura N,Satomi S,Schoemaker MJ

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To establish a strategy for a rapid screening survey of surface contamination among a large number of people after nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents, the authors analyzed the measured surface contamination of subjects. From 12 March through 25 March 2011, a screening survey was conducted in a hospital on 336 subject...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ohba T,Miyazaki M,Sato H,Hasegawa A,Sakuma M,Yusa T,Shishido F,Ohtsuru A

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Throughout 53 years of operations, an estimated 29,300 TBq of tritium were released to the atmosphere at the Livermore site of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL); about 75% of this was released as tritium gas primarily in two accidental releases. A tritium dose reconstruction was undertaken to chronicle bot...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Peterson SR

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cosmic rays make a significant, but not normally a dominant, contribution to the radiation dose of people all over the world. However, doses rise with altitude and the earth's magnetic field means that latitude also becomes important. Solar activity imposes a further, time dependent, variation. This article gives more...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kendall GM

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The radioactive gas 41Ar has been produced at high concentration by neutron activation near the reactor core in the Kyoto University Research Reactor. A pipe line for an exhaust stream, so-called sweep gas, was fabricated at the construction of the reactor in 1964 in order to exhale 41Ar from the facilities above to t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Fukui M

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The deployment of a radiological dispersal device (RDD) is likely to result in relatively low radiation exposure of the targeted population, insufficient to cause a severe radiation detriment. Nevertheless, due to atmospheric dispersion of the radioactive material, an urban area equaling several city blocks could be a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Steinhausler F

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The (90)Sr and (137)Cs activities of soil, plant, and milk samples from the village of Dolon, located close to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site in Kazakhstan, were determined. The areal deposition at the nine sampling sites is in the range of <500 to 6,100 Bq m(-2) and 300 to 7,900 Bq m-2 for (90)Sr and (137)Cs, re...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gastberger M,Steinhäusler F,Gerzabek MH,Hubmer A,Lettner H

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Often, the radiation exposure levels around brachytherapy patient rooms exceed the limits allowed by Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulations and National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) recommendations. Since a neighboring patient may be present in the radiation field from a brachytherapy patient, or pa...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Thomadsen B,van de Geijn J,Buchler D,Paliwal B

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One goal of this research was to reproduce the photon specific absorbed fraction calculations of Cristy and Eckerman using their gastrointestinal (GI) tract model. A second goal was to calculate photon specific absorbed fraction values for their GI tract model using electron tracking techniques. A final goal was to ca...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Poston JW Jr,Kodimer KA,Bolch WE,Poston JW Sr

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The uranium industry in the American Southwest has had profoundly negative impacts on American Indian communities. Navajo workers experienced significant health problems, including lung cancer and nonmalignant respiratory diseases, and psychosocial problems, such as depression and anxiety. There were four uranium proc...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dawson SE,Madsen GE

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Releases of radioactive materials from the Mayak Production Association in 1949-1956 resulted in contamination of the Techa River; a nuclide of major interest was 90Sr, which downstream residents consumed with water from the river and with milk contaminated by cows' consumption of river water and contaminated pasture....

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tolstykh EI,Degteva MO,Peremyslova LM,Shagina NB,Shishkina EA,Krivoshchapov VA,Anspaugh LR,Napier BA

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ICRP effective dose equivalent has been compared with a weighted dose equivalent, computed by treating the entire remainder instead of the sample of five remainder organs in the ICRP method as uniformly radiosensitive, for dose distributions from three common diagnostic exposures: chest, dental full-mouth and dent...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gibbs SJ

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the various activities involved with opening a sealed legacy "Seventeen-inch" concrete vault and the health physics challenges and solutions employed. As part of a legacy waste stream that was removed from the former Hazardous Waste Management Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory, the "Seven...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Sullivan PT,Pizzulli M

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With possibilities for radiation terrorism and intensified concerns about nuclear accidents since the recent Fukushima Daiichi event, the potential exposure of large numbers of individuals to radiation that could lead to acute clinical effects has become a major concern. For the medical community to cope with such an ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Swartz HM,Flood AB,Williams BB,Dong R,Swarts SG,He X,Grinberg O,Sidabras J,Demidenko E,Gui J,Gladstone DJ,Jarvis LA,Kmiec MM,Kobayashi K,Lesniewski PN,Marsh SD,Matthews TP,Nicolalde RJ,Pennington PM,Raynolds T,Sal

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00