Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Course setting has often been discussed as a potential preventative measure in the World Cup ski-racing community. However, there is limited understanding of how it is related to injury risk. OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of increased horizontal gate distance on energy-related and injury mechanism-related variables. METHODS:During a video-based three-dimensional (3D)-kinematic field measurement, a top world-class racer performed giant slalom runs at two course settings with different horizontal gate distances. A full-body segment model was reconstructed in 3D and selected biomechanical parameters were calculated. RESULTS:For the analysed turn, no significant differences were found in turn speed for increased horizontal gate distance. However, a large effect size was observed for speed reduction towards the end of the turn. Turn forces were by tendency higher at the beginning and significantly higher towards the end of the turn. Additionally, significant differences were found in higher inward leaning, and large effect sizes were observed for a decreased fore/aft position after gate passage. CONCLUSIONS:On the basis of the data of this study, no final conclusion can be made about whether, for a section of consecutive turns, increasing horizontal gate distance is an effective tool for speed reduction. However, this study pointed out two major drawbacks of this course setting modification: (1) it may increase fatigue as a consequence of loading forces acting over a longer duration; (2) it may increase the risk of out-of-balance situations by forcing the athlete to exhaust his backward and inward leaning spectrum.
journal_name
Br J Sports Medjournal_title
British journal of sports medicineauthors
Spörri J,Kröll J,Schwameder H,Schiefermüller C,Müller Edoi
10.1136/bjsports-2012-091425subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-12-01 00:00:00pages
1072-7issue
15eissn
0306-3674issn
1473-0480pii
bjsports-2012-091425journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:An élite athlete engaged in a longitudinal programme of physiological assessment suffered a loss of performance that was later ascribed to an asymptomatic viral illness. In this 15-month, single subject, repeated measures study it was possible to demonstrate a severe decrease of exercise performance following viral il...
journal_title：British journal of sports medicine
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pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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