Abstract:
:Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is a rare tumor. However, its incidence has been increasing in men and women over the past 25 years worldwide. Risk factors associated with this cancer are those behaviors that predispose individuals to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and immunosuppression. Anal cancer is generally preceded by high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (HGAIN), which is most prevalent in human immunodeficiency virus-positive men who have sex with men. High-risk patients may benefit from screening. The most common presentation is rectal bleeding, which is present in nearly 50% of patients. Twenty percent of patients have no symptoms at the time of presentation. Clinical staging of anal cancer requires a digital rectal exam and a positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Endorectal/endoanal ultrasound appears to add more-specific staging information when compared with digital rectal examination alone. Treatment of anal cancer prior to the 1970s involved an abdominoperineal resection. However, the current standard of care for localized anal cancer is concurrent chemoradiation therapy, primarily because of its sphincter-saving and colostomy-sparing potential. Studies have addressed alternative chemoradiation regimens to improve the standard protocol of fluorouracil, misogynic, and radiation, but no alternative regimen has proven superior. Surgery is reserved for those patients with residual disease or recurrence.
journal_name
Clin Colon Rectal Surgjournal_title
Clinics in colon and rectal surgeryauthors
Poggio JLdoi
10.1055/s-0031-1286002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-01 00:00:00pages
177-92issue
3eissn
1531-0043issn
1530-9681journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The use of laparoscopy has become widespread across many surgical specialties. Its utility as treatment for colon cancer was initially met with hesitancy due to concern for port site and wound recurrences; however, this was later disproven by large retrospective series. Subsequently, there have been multiple, large, p...
journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1597317
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1055325
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1278406
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1272818
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0029-1242459
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1584091
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1570391
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0037-1604255
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1329533
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1089944
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0031-1295688
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1677026
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2006-956439
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0037-1598163
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2006-942344
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1322552
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1247857
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1262988
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
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更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
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journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
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更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genitourinary structures are at risk of injury during colorectal surgery. The incidence of injury is low; however, the risk is higher in cases involving severe inflammatory or infectious processes, locally advanced or recurrent cancer, previous radiation, and reoperation. Consideration of the anatomical relationship b...
journal_title:Clinics in colon and rectal surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00