Methemoglobinemia as a complication of 20% benzocaine spray for endoscopy.

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Long-term data on the risk of colorectal cancer according to dose, duration, and consistency of aspirin therapy are limited. METHODS:We conducted a prospective study of 47,363 male health professionals who were ages 40-75 years at enrollment in 1986. Biennially, we collected data on aspirin use, othe...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Chan AT,Giovannucci EL,Meyerhardt JA,Schernhammer ES,Wu K,Fuchs CS

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A patient who developed obstructive jaundice as a complication of a liver biopsy is presented. The jaundice was found to be attributable to obstruction of the biliary tree at the level of the bifurcation by an intrahepatic hematoma. The patient had a complete and spontaneous recovery. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Chiprut RO,Greenwald RA,Morris SJ,Zeppa R,Schiff ER

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholangiocarcinoma occurs in approximately 10% of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Usually, liver failure, rapidly progressing jaundice, and an increase in alkaline phosphatase levels are suggestive diagnostic features. We report two cases of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis who developed chol...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Martins EB,Fleming KA,Garrido MC,Hine KR,Chapman RW

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Hepatic lymphocytes are composed mainly of natural killer (NK) cells and NKT cells, which play key roles in innate immune responses against pathogens and tumors in the liver. This report analyzes the effects of activation of innate immunity by viral infection or the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligan...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Sun R,Gao B

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In ilea of spontaneously infested guinea pigs, we examined the interface between the plasma membranes of cryptosporidia and absorptive cells using thin section and freeze fracture techniques. Initially, cryptosporidia invaginate microvilli, and the resulting redundant folds of membrane envelop the protozoan, thereby i...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Marcial MA,Madara JL

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the disorders of bowel motility, it is important to know the range of bowel patterns in the general population. We have devised a brief self-administered questionnaire which, when used among a group of 789 students and hospital employees, disclosed that 94.2% had stool frequencies between three per day a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Drossman DA,Sandler RS,McKee DC,Lovitz AJ

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Hypoxic inflammation (decreased oxygen tension at sites of inflammation) is a feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The hypoxia response is mediated by the transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α and endothelial PAS domain protein 1 (EPAS1 or HIF2α), which are induced in intesti...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Xue X,Ramakrishnan S,Anderson E,Taylor M,Zimmermann EM,Spence JR,Huang S,Greenson JK,Shah YM

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The NOD2 gene, which is strongly associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD) of the terminal ileum, interacts with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inducing cellular activation. However, the mechanisms by which NOD2 mutations cause terminal ileitis are unknown, and NOD2 is expressed most...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Lala S,Ogura Y,Osborne C,Hor SY,Bromfield A,Davies S,Ogunbiyi O,Nuñez G,Keshav S

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Few data are available on the potential role of T lymphocytes in experimental acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to characterize their role in the inflammatory cascade of acute pancreatitis. METHODS:To type this issue, acute pancreatitis was induced by repeated injections of cerulein in nu...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Demols A,Le Moine O,Desalle F,Quertinmont E,Van Laethem JL,Devière J

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:This study used a low lesion prevalence population reflective of the screening setting to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of computerized tomographic (CT) colonography for detection of colorectal polyps. METHODS:This prospective, blinded study comprised 703 asymptomatic persons at higher-tha...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Johnson CD,Harmsen WS,Wilson LA,Maccarty RL,Welch TJ,Ilstrup DM,Ahlquist DA

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Hepatic lipid retention (steatosis) predisposes hepatitis. We investigated the mechanisms of lymphocyte homing to fatty liver and the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the onset of inflammation in ob/ob mice. METHODS:We decreased intestinal bacterial compounds by oral antibiotic treatment to test t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Bigorgne AE,Bouchet-Delbos L,Naveau S,Dagher I,Prévot S,Durand-Gasselin I,Couderc J,Valet P,Emilie D,Perlemuter G

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The prognosis of advanced cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis B is poor, and results of therapies, including liver transplantation, have been unsatisfactory. Little is known about the effectiveness of interferon alfa in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS:Between 1984 and 1991, 18 patients with clinically-appar...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Hoofnagle JH,Di Bisceglie AM,Waggoner JG,Park Y

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:In intestinal inflammation the gut microbiota induces an innate immune response by activating epithelial and immune cells that initiate or maintain inflammation. We investigated whether the microbiota also can activate local microvascular cells and induce angiogenesis. METHODS:Human intestinal microv...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Schirbel A,Kessler S,Rieder F,West G,Rebert N,Asosingh K,McDonald C,Fiocchi C

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For decades, interactions between the enteric neuromuscular apparatus and the central nervous system have served as the primary focus of pathophysiological research in the functional gastrointestinal disorders. The accumulation of patient reports, as well as clinical observations, has belatedly led to an interest in t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Barbara G,Feinle-Bisset C,Ghoshal UC,Quigley EM,Santos J,Vanner S,Vergnolle N,Zoetendal EG

更新日期：2016-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:A patient with gastric outlet syndrome (Bouveret's syndrome) caused by a large gallstone impacted in the duodenal bulb was successfully treated by extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. Thus, open abdominal surgery could be avoided. For disintegration of the stone, three consecutive lithotripsy procedures were necessa...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Holl J,Sackmann M,Hoffmann R,Schüssler P,Sauerbruch T,Jüngst D,Paumgartner G

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The natural history and management of pancreatic cysts, especially for branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs), remain uncertain. We developed evidence-based nomograms to assist with clinical decision making. METHODS:We used decision analysis with Markov modeling to compare co...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Weinberg BM,Spiegel BM,Tomlinson JS,Farrell JJ

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many women report that bowel symptoms are associated with menstruation, but neither the prevalence of these complaints nor their physiological basis is known. This study aimed to estimate prevalence, to determine whether patients with irritable bowel syndrome are more likely to make such complaints, and to determine w...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Whitehead WE,Cheskin LJ,Heller BR,Robinson JC,Crowell MD,Benjamin C,Schuster MM

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The mechanism by which sulindac causes regression of adenomas in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is unclear. Conflicting data on the drug's effects on colorectal epithelial proliferation have been reported. An alternative mechanism, and one not previously studied, is via induction o...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Pasricha PJ,Bedi A,O'Connor K,Rashid A,Akhtar AJ,Zahurak ML,Piantadosi S,Hamilton SR,Giardiello FM

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Colorectal cancer screening with diagnostic imaging can detect polyps. The management of patients whose largest polyp is less than 10 mm is uncertain. The primary aim of this study was to determine rates of advanced histology in patients undergoing colorectal cancer screening whose largest polyp is 9 ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Lieberman D,Moravec M,Holub J,Michaels L,Eisen G

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Epithelial stem cells in the stomach are responsible for constant renewal of the epithelium through generation of multiple gastric cell lineages that populate the gastric glands. However, gastric stem or progenitor cells have not been well-characterized because of the lack of specific markers that per...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Qiao XT,Ziel JW,McKimpson W,Madison BB,Todisco A,Merchant JL,Samuelson LC,Gumucio DL

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDC) have distinct physicochemical and metabolic properties which, being complementary, should favor more rapid removal of cholesterol from gallstones when both bile acids are administered together. To see if the combination is more effective and well tolerated, we...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Podda M,Zuin M,Battezzati PM,Ghezzi C,de Fazio C,Dioguardi ML

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The target appearance of grey scale ultrasound is thought to be a characteristic sign of gastrointestinal wall thickening. It consists of a strong echogenic center surrounded by a sonolucent rim. In a prospective controlled study, the sensitivity and specificity of the ultrasonic B-scan for Crohn's disease were invest...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Sonnenberg A,Erckenbrecht J,Peter P,Niederau C

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:One approach to the development of targeted cancer chemotherapy exploits increased uptake of the agent into neoplastic cells. In this scenario, higher concentrations of the agent in cancer cells are responsible for differential killing, whereas the low concentration in normal human cells decreases sid...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Abe T,Unno M,Onogawa T,Tokui T,Kondo TN,Nakagomi R,Adachi H,Fujiwara K,Okabe M,Suzuki T,Nunoki K,Sato E,Kakyo M,Nishio T,Sugita J,Asano N,Tanemoto M,Seki M,Date F,Ono K,Kondo Y,Shiiba K,Suzuki M,Ohtani H,S

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction are at high risk of developing pancreatitis after endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy. Impaired pancreatic drainage caused by pancreatic sphincter hypertension is the likely explanation for this increased risk. A prospective, randomized controlled trial was co...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Tarnasky PR,Palesch YY,Cunningham JT,Mauldin PD,Cotton PB,Hawes RH

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded from 33 patients with various degrees of hepatic failure and from 10 age-matched controls. Within 20 ms poststimulation, one negative peak (N13) could be recorded from the middle of the back of the patient's neck at the C2 vertebral level. Within 150 ms, three...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Yang SS,Chu NS,Liaw YF

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Host genetic factors are likely to contribute to the variable course of hepatic fibrosis in response to chronic liver injury. Similarly, the fibrotic response differs among inbred mouse strains after challenge with CCl(4). Our aim was to identify unknown susceptibility loci for hepatic fibrosis in a c...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Hillebrandt S,Goos C,Matern S,Lammert F

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two types of benzodiazepine receptors have been identified in the central nervous system. The aim of these experiments was to determine if ligands for these receptors alter basal water absorption by rat ileum in vivo after central administration. Specifically, the effects on net water flux of the systemic and central ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Fogel R,Michelson G,Senler T,Marshall D,Brown T,Gaginella T

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a class of transmembrane pattern recognition receptors essential for microbial recognition and control of innate immune responses. Commensal bacteria play an important role in maintaining tolerance and active stability of the intestinal epithelial barrier by suppre...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Cario E,Gerken G,Podolsky DK

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Few studies, even those with cohort designs, test the mediating effects of infant gut microbes and metabolites on the onset of disease. We undertook such a study. METHODS:Using structural equation modeling path analysis, we tested directional relationships between first pregnancy, birth mode, prolong...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Vu K,Lou W,Tun HM,Konya TB,Morales-Lizcano N,Chari RS,Field CJ,Guttman DS,Mandal R,Wishart DS,Azad MB,Becker AB,Mandhane PJ,Moraes TJ,Lefebvre DL,Sears MR,Turvey SE,Subbarao P,Scott JA,Kozyrskyj AL

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Because current therapies for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are suboptimal and associated with severe side effects, novel treatment options are needed. A small animal model has recently been developed to study HCV infections. To examine the usefulness of this human liver-urokinase-type pl...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Vanwolleghem T,Meuleman P,Libbrecht L,Roskams T,De Vos R,Leroux-Roels G

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00