Abstract:
:Meningococcal meningitis is caused by Neisseria meningitidis, a gram-negative, aerobic, encapsulated diplococcus. Meningococci are divided into numerous serogroups based on the composition of their capsular polysaccharide (Ps) antigens. At least 13 serogroups have been described: A, B, C, D, 29E, H, I, K, L, W-135, X, Y and Z. Out of these 13, six (A, B, C, W135, X and Y) can cause epidemics. The incubation period averages 3-4 d (range 1-10 d), which is the period of communicability. Bacteria can be found for 2-4 d in the nose and pharynx, and for up to 24 h after starting antibiotics. N. meningitidis is a leading cause of meningitis worldwide and a significant public health problem and dreaded disease in most countries. Morbidity and mortality rates from the disease remain high. Apart from epidemics, at least 1.2 million cases of bacterial meningitis are estimated to occur every year, 135,000 of which are fatal--of these, ~500,000 and ~50,000 respectively are caused by meningococci. Many outbreaks of meningococcal meningitis have been documented, with major outbreaks mainly seen in large cities of northern, western and eastern India like New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and northeastern states. In 2011, 245 people died in India, the vast majority (179) in West Bengal, while 467 and 341 people in 2009 and 2010 respectively died of this disease. The meningococcal conjugate vaccines (MCV) are preferred for reasons of immunogenicity and persistence of immunity but are unavailable in India. Only the quadrivalent and bivalent meningococcal Ps vaccines (MPV) are available in India. The quadrivalent MPV is preferred for Haj pilgrims, international travelers and students in that it provides protection against emerging W-135 and Y disease in these areas. A single-dose 0.5mL injection is recommended.
journal_name
Hum Vaccin Immunotherjournal_title
Human vaccines & immunotherapeuticsauthors
Verma R,Khanna Pdoi
10.4161/hv.21666subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-12-01 00:00:00pages
1904-6issue
12eissn
2164-5515issn
2164-554Xpii
21666journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Limited safety data are available on inadvertent exposure to quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (4vHPV) during pregnancy. We conducted a descriptive observational postlicensure safety surveillance study in Kaiser Permanente Southern California and Northern California to assess congenital anomaly and miscarriage...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2017.1403702
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy represents a high information need state, where uncertainty around medical intervention is common. As such, the pertussis vaccination given during pregnancy presents a unique opportunity to study the interaction between vaccine attitudes and vaccine information-seeking behavior. We surveyed a sample of pregn...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2019.1638203
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Canadian Pharmacists are easy to reach. Although Québec pharmacists are not allowed to administer vaccines, they can: (1) promote vaccination, (2) counsel patients on vaccination, (3) sell vaccines and (4) provide vaccine administration by a nurse. Our objectives were to describe immunization services given in Québec ...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/hv.25186
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Febrile seizure is the most common childhood neurological disorder, is an important health problem with potential short- and long-term complications, also leading to economic burden and increased parental anxiety about fevers and seizures occurring in their children. There are no routine recommendation to de...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1080/21645515.2018.1526588
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-poliomyelitis/Haemophilus influenza vaccine (DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib: Infanrix™ hexa, GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines) is used for primary vaccination of infants in a range of schedules world-wide. Antibody persistence after 4 DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib doses in the first 2 y of...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/21645515.2014.970494
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a stepping stone toward evaluation in infants, the safety and immunogenicity of an investigational 12-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D-conjugate vaccine (12vPHiD-CV) was assessed in toddlers. 12vPHiD-CV contains CRM197-conjugated capsular polysaccharides of serotypes 6A and 19A in a...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1810493
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Human papillomavirus is considered the causative factor for cervical cancer, which accounts for approximately 5% of the global cancer burden and more than 600,000 new cases annually that are attributable to HPV infection worldwide. The first-generation prophylactic HPV vaccines, Gardasil® and Cervarix®, were licensed ...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/21645515.2017.1346755
更新日期:2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a challenging public-health issue in China. Hepatitis B carriers and patients suffer not only physically but also experience strong discrimination and stigma. China's rural population is 629 million. Thus, there is a great need to understand the situation surrounding HBV-related discrim...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2015.1069932
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Economic evaluations on influenza vaccination from low resource settings are scarce and have not been evaluated using a systematic approach. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review on the value for money of influenza vaccination in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS:PubMed and EMBASE were se...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/hv.24704
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hollingsworth and Isturiz (1) have raised several questions about our earlier review of the use of pneumococcal conjugate (PCV) or polysaccharide (PPV) vaccine for older adults (i.e., ≥65 y of age). (2) They begin by citing two metaanalyses published in 2009 and 2013 that concluded that prevention of pneumococcal pneu...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.4161/hv.26422
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although pancreatic cancer is but the eleventh most prevalent cancer in the US, it is predicted that of all the patients newly diagnosed with this disease in 2014, only 27% will still be alive at the end of the first year and only 6% will make it past 5 years. The choice of chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic ...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/21645515.2014.1004017
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals fail to elicit protective antibody after hepatitis B vaccination remain at risk for hepatitis B virus infection. Analysis of the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is essential to elucidate the characteristics of gene expression in non-responders. In this study, we enrolled seven r...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2018.1450122
更新日期:2018-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::MENK, a penta-peptide is considered as being involved in the regulatory feedback loop between the immune and neuroendocrine systems, with marked modulation of various functions of human immune cells. The aim of the present work was to investigate change of lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood of 50 cancer pat...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/hv.28804
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae causes pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, and bacteremia. The mortality and morbidity of invasive pneumococcal disease are high among adults aged >65 years or those with underlying chronic or immunosuppressive conditions. A recent systematic review showed that patients treated with immunosup...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2018.1564443
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibody preparations have demonstrated considerable clinical utility in the treatment of specific malignancies, as well as inflammatory and infectious diseases. Antibodies are conventionally delivered by passive administration, typically requiring costly large-scale laboratory development and production. A...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/hv.26498
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adolescents are the primary target population for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. The objective of this study is to explore the acceptability of HPV vaccines and evaluate factors related to willingness to be vaccinated among Chinese adolescents. METHODS:A nation-wide survey was conducted across 14 s...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1812314
更新日期:2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) are the 2 leading causes of acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide. We have developed a non-live NoV and RV vaccine candidate consisting of NoV virus-like particles (VLPs) and recombinant polymeric RV VP6 protein produced in baculovirus-insect cell expression system. Both components h...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2015.1099772
更新日期:2016-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Varicella live attenuated vaccine led to a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality from varicella zoster disease. Vaccine adverse effects are mostly mild. Immunosuppression is the main risk factor for severe varicella. Risk factors for disease following vaccination are less studied. We report a 12-month-old i...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1802976
更新日期:2020-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccination is an indisputable intervention that has tremendously mitigated the global burden of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). The number of armed conflicts globally seems to be at an all-time high, with devastating effects on vaccination coverage. This paper will examine how armed conflicts affect childhood va...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2019.1688043
更新日期:2020-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::A novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) emerged in China, at the end of December 2019 which posed an International Public Health Emergency, and later declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) named it SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syn...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1824497
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The study of influenza virus evolution in humans has revealed a significant role of glycosylation profile alterations in the viral glycoproteins - hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), in the emergence of both seasonal and pandemic strains. Viral antigenic drift can modify the number and location of glycosylation...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2017.1377871
更新日期:2018-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: International tourism has grown tremendously in the past 2-3 decades in India resulting in exposure of travelers to varied spectrum of diseases prevalent in different parts of the world. Immunization plays a prominent role in protection of the exposed individuals. The objective of the present study was t...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1757988
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabies is the most lethal zoonotic, vaccine-preventable viral disease in the world. Its treatment is complicated by insufficient vaccine supply and the requirement for four to five repeated injections, as commercially available inactivated rabies lack adjuvant and have low immunogenicity. In this study, we focused on ...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2018.1531966
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::S. aureus and S. pneumoniae are both common pathogens that are also carried by a large proportion of healthy individuals in the nasal and nasopharyngeal spaces. A negative association between carriage of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae has been reported in children in various epidemiologic studies from different geographi...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/21645515.2015.1081321
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aim: This research investigated the therapeutic effect of an allogeneic mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell vaccine on lung cancer and further elucidated its potential anti-angiogenic mechanism. Materials & methods: The immune effect of the allogeneic bEnd.3 vaccine and DC vaccine loaded with bEnd.3 antigen on ...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1759996
更新日期:2020-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies in China focused on serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We aimed at investigating the serotype distribution for IPD-causing S. pneumoniae and vaccine coverage among Chinese children and adults. This was a multicenter, observational study to collect S....
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1757996
更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::In the clinical trials of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) vaccine, antibodies were measured by a competitive Luminex immunoassay (HPV-4 cLIA). A nine-valent HPV (9vHPV) vaccine targeting the types in the qHPV vaccine (HPV6/11/16/18), as well as 5 of the next most frequent HPV types found in cervical cance...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/hv.29205
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pertussis has had a resurgence with the highest incidence and complication rates in young infants, and deaths occurring mainly at < age 3 months. Infants are infected by older individuals whose immunity has waned. Strategies such as targeted immunization of infant caregivers have had limited success. Pertussis vaccina...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/21645515.2016.1171948
更新日期:2016-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::The pseudo-neutralization assay (PsV) described in the current report allows for the creation of HPV18 pseudovirions in order to evaluate whether the antibody responses elicited following vaccination with Gardasil(®) are sufficient to neutralize the activity of these pseudovirions in vitro. The PsV assay evaluates a b...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/hv.19179
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both our research and that published by Sticchi et al. on immunological memory against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in health-care workers (HCWs) vaccinated as infants or adolescents confirm that in those testing negative after the primary course, one additional (fourth) booster dose is able to elicit an anti-HBs response ...
journal_title:Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1810495
更新日期:2020-12-03 00:00:00