Abstract:
:CD3-specific antibodies have shown clinical efficacy in both transplantation and autoimmunity. However, targeting CD3 in this way can lead to T-cell activation and a serious cytokine release syndrome mediated by Fcγ receptor binding. An in vivo mouse model has been developed using severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice to detect human T-cell depletion and cytokine release into the circulation after administration of OKT3. This system has been used to evaluate OKT3 antibody fragments lacking the entire Fc region alongside whole antibody constructs. These data clearly show that cytokine release is detected with all OKT3 antibody constructs and fragments tested and these can be ranked from highest to lowest as follows: mIgG2a>hIgG1 (Ala-Ala)>hIgG1 diFab' maleimide (DFM)>hIgG1 F(ab')₂>mIgG2a F(ab')₂>hIgG1 Fab'. Furthermore, the monovalent hIgG1 Fab' fragment gives the least cytokine release but it does not deplete human T-cells in this assay format. This suggests that T-cell activation may be playing a role in the mechanism of action of anti-CD3 antibodies and consequently the unwanted cytokine release is potentially unavoidable for this class of molecules. This model system provides a useful tool to aid in understanding and reducing the potential risks of cytokine release following antibody therapy.
journal_name
J Immunol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of immunological methodsauthors
Malcolm SL,Smith EL,Bourne T,Shaw Sdoi
10.1016/j.jim.2012.07.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-10-31 00:00:00pages
33-42issue
1-2eissn
0022-1759issn
1872-7905pii
S0022-1759(12)00195-0journal_volume
384pub_type
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