Mechanisms of pathogenesis, infective dose and virulence in human parasites.

abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid or core protein (HBc) contains an N-terminal domain (NTD) and a C-terminal domain (CTD) connected by a short linker peptide. HBc plays a critical role in virtually every step of viral replication, which is further modulated by dynamic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of its CTD. Whi...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Xi J,Luckenbaugh L,Hu J

更新日期：2021-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Specific types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause cervical cancer. Cervical cancers exhibit aberrant cellular microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns. By genome-wide analyses, we investigate whether the intracellular and exosomal miRNA compositions of HPV-positive cancer cells are dependent on endogenous E6/E7 oncoge...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Honegger A,Schilling D,Bastian S,Sponagel J,Kuryshev V,Sültmann H,Scheffner M,Hoppe-Seyler K,Hoppe-Seyler F

更新日期：2015-03-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-cysteine peroxiredoxins are ubiquitous peroxidases that play various functions in cells. In Leishmania and related trypanosomatids, which lack catalase and selenium-glutathione peroxidases, the discovery of this family of enzymes provided the molecular basis for peroxide removal in these organisms. In this report ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Castro H,Teixeira F,Romao S,Santos M,Cruz T,Flórido M,Appelberg R,Oliveira P,Ferreira-da-Silva F,Tomás AM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza viruses continue to pose a major public health threat worldwide and options for antiviral therapy are limited by the emergence of drug-resistant virus strains. The antiviral cytokine, interferon (IFN) is an essential mediator of the innate immune response and influenza viruses, like many viruses, have evolve...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Ortigoza MB,Dibben O,Maamary J,Martinez-Gil L,Leyva-Grado VH,Abreu P Jr,Ayllon J,Palese P,Shaw ML

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interspecific and intervarietal hybridization may contribute to the biological diversity of fungal populations. Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic yeast and the most common fungal cause of meningitis in patients with AIDS. Most patients are infected with either of the two varieties of C. neoformans, designated as...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Litvintseva AP,Lin X,Templeton I,Heitman J,Mitchell TG

更新日期：2007-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloidosis describes a group of protein folding diseases in which amyloid proteins are abnormally deposited in organs and/or tissues as fine fibrils. Mouse senile amyloidosis is a disorder in which apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II) deposits as amyloid fibrils (AApoAII) and can be transmitted from one animal to another bo...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Qian J,Yan J,Ge F,Zhang B,Fu X,Tomozawa H,Sawashita J,Mori M,Higuchi K

更新日期：2010-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Poxviruses subvert the host immune response by producing immunomodulatory proteins, including a complement regulatory protein. Ectromelia virus provides a mouse model for smallpox where the virus and the host's immune response have co-evolved. Using this model, our study investigated the role of the complement system ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Moulton EA,Atkinson JP,Buller RM

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetoplast (k), the uniquely packaged mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomatid protists is formed by a catenated network of minicircles and maxicircles that divide and segregate once each cell cycle. Although many proteins involved in kDNA replication and segregation are now known, several key steps in the replication...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Peña-Diaz P,Vancová M,Resl C,Field MC,Lukeš J

更新日期：2017-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnaporthe oryzae is the causal agent of rice blast disease, a devastating problem worldwide. This fungus has caused breakdown of resistance conferred by newly developed commercial cultivars. To address how the rice blast fungus adapts itself to new resistance genes so quickly, we examined chromosomal locations of AV...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Chuma I,Isobe C,Hotta Y,Ibaragi K,Futamata N,Kusaba M,Yoshida K,Terauchi R,Fujita Y,Nakayashiki H,Valent B,Tosa Y

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although invasive cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is uncommon in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), asymptomatic CMV coinfection is nearly ubiquitous in HIV infected individuals. While microbial translocation and gut epithelial barrier dysfunction may promote persistent immune activation in treated HIV infection, ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Maidji E,Somsouk M,Rivera JM,Hunt PW,Stoddart CA

更新日期：2017-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Elucidating the mechanism of action of trypanocidal compounds is an important step in the development of more efficient drugs against Trypanosoma brucei. In a screening approach using an RNAi library in T. brucei bloodstream forms, we identified a member of the mitochondrial carrier family, TbMCP14, as a prime candida...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： de Macêdo JP,Schumann Burkard G,Niemann M,Barrett MP,Vial H,Mäser P,Roditi I,Schneider A,Bütikofer P

更新日期：2015-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the several new antimalarials discovered over the past decade are at least three clinical candidate drugs, each with a distinct chemical structure, that disrupt Na+ homeostasis resulting in a rapid increase in intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) within the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum. At pr...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Das S,Bhatanagar S,Morrisey JM,Daly TM,Burns JM Jr,Coppens I,Vaidya AB

更新日期：2016-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:A significant number of environmental microorganisms can cause serious, even fatal, acute and chronic infections in humans. The severity and outcome of each type of infection depends on the expression of specific bacterial phenotypes controlled by complex regulatory networks that sense and respond to the host environm...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Kesarwani M,Hazan R,He J,Que YA,Apidianakis Y,Lesic B,Xiao G,Dekimpe V,Milot S,Deziel E,Lépine F,Rahme LG

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut dysbiosis associated with intestinal inflammation is characterized by the blooming of particular bacteria such as adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC). However, the precise mechanisms by which AIEC impact on colitis remain largely unknown. Here we show that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis worsened chemically-induced coli...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Ohno M,Hasegawa M,Hayashi A,Caballero-Flores G,Alteri CJ,Lawley TD,Kamada N,Núñez G,Inohara N

更新日期：2020-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestine is a common site for invasion by intracellular pathogens, but little is known about how pathogens restructure and exit intestinal cells in vivo. The natural microsporidian parasite N. parisii invades intestinal cells of the nematode C. elegans, progresses through its life cycle, and then exits cells in a...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Estes KA,Szumowski SC,Troemel ER

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition of intracellular pathogenic bacteria by members of the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) family triggers immune responses against bacterial infection. A major response induced by several Gram-negative bacteria is the activation of caspase-1 via the Nlrc4 inflammasome. Upon ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Suzuki S,Franchi L,He Y,Muñoz-Planillo R,Mimuro H,Suzuki T,Sasakawa C,Núñez G

更新日期：2014-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 maturation inhibitors (MIs) disrupt the final step in the HIV-1 protease-mediated cleavage of the Gag polyprotein between capsid p24 capsid (CA) and spacer peptide 1 (SP1), leading to the production of infectious virus. BMS-955176 is a second generation MI with improved antiviral activity toward polymorphic Gag ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Lin Z,Cantone J,Lu H,Nowicka-Sans B,Protack T,Yuan T,Yang H,Liu Z,Drexler D,Regueiro-Ren A,Meanwell NA,Cockett M,Krystal M,Lataillade M,Dicker IB

更新日期：2016-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:To further its pathogenesis, S. Typhimurium delivers effector proteins into host cells, including the novel E3 ubiquitin ligase (NEL) effector SspH2. Using model systems in a cross-kingdom approach we gained further insight into the molecular function of this effector. Here, we show that SspH2 modulates innate immunit...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Bhavsar AP,Brown NF,Stoepel J,Wiermer M,Martin DD,Hsu KJ,Imami K,Ross CJ,Hayden MR,Foster LJ,Li X,Hieter P,Finlay BB

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Information on the growth rate and metabolism of microbial pathogens that cause long-term chronic infections is limited, reflecting the absence of suitable tools for measuring these parameters in vivo. Here, we have measured the replication and physiological state of Leishmania mexicana parasites in murine inflammator...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Kloehn J,Saunders EC,O'Callaghan S,Dagley MJ,McConville MJ

更新日期：2015-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:There are 25 auxin response factors (ARFs) in the rice genome, which play critical roles in regulating myriad aspects of plant development, but their role (s) in host antiviral immune defense and the underneath mechanism remain largely unknown. By using the rice-rice dwarf virus (RDV) model system, here we report that...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Qin Q,Li G,Jin L,Huang Y,Wang Y,Wei C,Xu Z,Yang Z,Wang H,Li Y

更新日期：2020-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Lentiviruses can infect non-dividing cells, and various cellular transport proteins provide crucial functions for lentiviral nuclear entry and integration. We previously showed that the viral capsid (CA) protein mediated the dependency on cellular nucleoporin (NUP) 153 during HIV-1 infection, and now demonstrate a dir...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Matreyek KA,Yücel SS,Li X,Engelman A

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular pathogens must withstand nitric oxide (NO.) generated by host phagocytes. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium interferes with intracellular trafficking of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and possesses multiple systems to detoxify NO.. Consequently, the level of NO. stress encountered by S. Typ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Richardson AR,Soliven KC,Castor ME,Barnes PD,Libby SJ,Fang FC

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The type III secretion system is an essential component for virulence in many Gram-negative bacteria. Though components of the secretion system apparatus are conserved, its substrates--effector proteins--are not. We have used a novel computational approach to confidently identify new secreted effectors by integrating ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Samudrala R,Heffron F,McDermott JE

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some pathogens have evolved mechanisms to overcome host immune defenses by inhibiting host defense signaling pathways and suppressing the expression of host defense effectors. We present evidence that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is able to suppress the expression of a subset of immune defense genes in the animal host Caeno...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Evans EA,Kawli T,Tan MW

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human pegivirus (HPgV), formerly GBV-C, are the only known human viruses in the Hepacivirus and Pegivirus genera, respectively, of the family Flaviviridae. We present the discovery of a second pegivirus, provisionally designated human pegivirus 2 (HPgV-2), by next-generation sequencing of p...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Berg MG,Lee D,Coller K,Frankel M,Aronsohn A,Cheng K,Forberg K,Marcinkus M,Naccache SN,Dawson G,Brennan C,Jensen DM,Hackett J Jr,Chiu CY

更新日期：2015-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The strain designated Chlamydia trachomatis serovar that was used for experiments in this paper is Chlamydia muridarum, a species closely related to C. trachomatis (and formerly termed the Mouse Pneumonitis strain of C. trachomatis. [corrected]. The obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis replicates with...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Elwell CA,Jiang S,Kim JH,Lee A,Wittmann T,Hanada K,Melancon P,Engel JN

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insect immune systems can recognize specific pathogens and prime offspring immunity. High specificity of immune priming can be achieved when insect females transfer immune elicitors into developing oocytes. The molecular mechanism behind this transfer has been a mystery. Here, we establish that the egg-yolk protein vi...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Salmela H,Amdam GV,Freitak D

更新日期：2015-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), particularly serotype O157:H7, causes hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and even death. In vitro studies showed that Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2), the primary virulence factor expressed by EDL933 (an O157:H7 strain), is encoded by the 933W prophage. And the bacterial su...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Tyler JS,Beeri K,Reynolds JL,Alteri CJ,Skinner KG,Friedman JH,Eaton KA,Friedman DI

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ingested Vibrio cholerae pass through the stomach and colonize the small intestines of its host. Here, we show that V. cholerae requires at least two types of DNA repair systems to efficiently compete for colonization of the infant mouse intestine. These results show that V. cholerae experiences increased DNA damage i...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Davies BW,Bogard RW,Dupes NM,Gerstenfeld TA,Simmons LA,Mekalanos JJ

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway regulates diverse cellular activities related to cell growth, migration, survival, and vesicular trafficking. It is known that Ebola virus requires endocytosis to establish an infection. However, the cellular signals that mediate this uptake were unknown for Ebola virus as ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Saeed MF,Kolokoltsov AA,Freiberg AN,Holbrook MR,Davey RA

更新日期：2008-08-29 00:00:00