Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The Hox family of transcription factors has a fundamental role in segmentation pathways and axial patterning of embryonic development and their clustered organization is linked with the regulatory mechanisms governing their coordinated expression along embryonic axes. Among chordates, of particular interest are the Hox paralogous genes in groups 1-4 since their expression is coupled to the control of regional identity in the anterior nervous system, where the highest structural diversity is observed. RESULTS:To investigate the degree of conservation in cis-regulatory components that form the basis of Hox expression in the anterior nervous system, we have used assays for transcriptional activity in ascidians and vertebrates to compare and contrast regulatory potential. We identified four regulatory sequences located near the CiHox1, CiHox2 and CiHox4 genes of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis which direct neural specific domains of expression. Using functional assays in Ciona and vertebrate embryos in combination with sequence analyses of enhancer fragments located in similar positions adjacent to Hox paralogy group genes, we compared the activity of these four Ciona cis-elements with a series of neural specific enhancers from the amphioxus Hox1-3 genes and from mouse Hox paralogous groups 1-4. CONCLUSIONS:This analysis revealed that Kreisler and Krox20 dependent enhancers critical in segmental regulation of the hindbrain appear to be specific for the vertebrate lineage. In contrast, neural enhancers that function as Hox response elements through the action of Hox/Pbx binding motifs have been conserved during chordate evolution. The functional assays reveal that these Hox response cis-elements are recognized by the regulatory components of different and extant species. Together, our results indicate that during chordate evolution, cis-elements dependent upon Hox/Pbx regulatory complexes, are responsible for key aspects of segmental Hox expression in neural tissue and appeared with urochordates after cephalochordate divergence.
journal_name
BMC Evol Bioljournal_title
BMC evolutionary biologyauthors
Natale A,Sims C,Chiusano ML,Amoroso A,D'Aniello E,Fucci L,Krumlauf R,Branno M,Locascio Adoi
10.1186/1471-2148-11-330subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-15 00:00:00pages
330issn
1471-2148pii
1471-2148-11-330journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Zona pellucida domain-containing proteins (ZP proteins) have been identified as the principle constituents of the egg coat (EC) of diverse metazoan taxa, including jawed vertebrates, urochordates and molluscs that span hundreds of millions of years of evolutionary divergence. Although ZP proteins generally c...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-239
更新日期:2012-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), which catalyses a rate limiting step in starch synthesis, is a heterotetramer comprised of two identical large and two identical small subunits in plants. Although the large and small subunits are equally sensitive to activity-altering amino acid changes when expressed...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-232
更新日期:2008-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Minor alleles of the human dopamine receptor polymorphisms, DRD2/TaqI A and DRD4/48 bp, are related to decreased functioning and/or numbers of their respective receptors and have been shown to be correlated with body mass, height and food craving. In addition, the 7R minor allele of the DRD4 gene is at a hig...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-173
更新日期:2008-06-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Pomatiopsidae are reported from northern India into southern China and Southeast Asia, with two sub-families, the Pomatiopsinae (which include freshwater, amphibious, terrestrial and marine species) and the freshwater Triculinae. Both include species acting as intermediate host for species of the blood-f...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-14-29
更新日期:2014-02-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most cinquefoils (Potentilla L., Rosaceae) are polyploids, ranging from tetraploid (4x) to dodecaploid (12x), diploids being a rare exception. Previous studies based on ribosomal and chloroplast data indicated that Norwegian cinquefoil (P. norvegica L.) has genetic material from two separate clades within Po...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-03-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Colour and shape polymorphisms are important features of many species and may allow individuals to exploit a wider array of habitats, including through behavioural differences among morphs. In addition, differences among individuals in behaviour and morphology may reflect different strategies, for example ut...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The segmented RNA genome of avian Influenza viruses (AIV) allows genetic reassortment between co-infecting viruses, providing an evolutionary pathway to generate genetic innovation. The genetic diversity (16 haemagglutinin and 9 neuraminidase subtypes) of AIV indicates an extensive reservoir of influenza vir...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-01-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patterns of genetic diversity between and within natural plant populations and their driving forces are of great interest in evolutionary biology. However, few studies have been performed on the genetic structure and population divergence in wild emmer wheat using a large number of EST-related single nucleot...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-08-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2006-09-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2009-02-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cyanobacteria are one of the oldest and morphologically most diverse prokaryotic phyla on our planet. The early development of an oxygen-containing atmosphere approximately 2.45-2.22 billion years ago is attributed to the photosynthetic activity of cyanobacteria. Furthermore, they are one of the few prokaryo...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-02-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The last time the phylogenetic relationships among members of the family Hemerobiidae were studied quantitatively was over 12 years ago and based exclusively on morphology. Our study builds upon this morphological evidence by adding sequence data from three gene loci to provide a total evidence phylogeny of ...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-09-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:CYCLOIDEA (CYC)-like genes have been implicated in the development of capitulum inflorescences (i.e. flowering heads) in Asteraceae, where many small flowers (florets) are packed tightly into an inflorescence that resembles a single flower. Several rounds of duplication of CYC-like genes have occurred in Ast...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-11-06 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-019-1384-5
更新日期:2019-02-26 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-019-1494-0
更新日期:2019-08-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0697-x
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-02-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
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更新日期:2019-04-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-05-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-09-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-273
更新日期:2008-10-06 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-12-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-11-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-206
更新日期:2010-07-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Retrotransposons have been suggested to provide a substrate for non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) and thereby promote gene family expansion. Their precise role, however, is controversial. Here we ask whether retrotransposons contributed to the recent expansions of the Androgen-binding protein (Abp)...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evolution of metabolism occurs through the acquisition and loss of genes whose products acts as enzymes in metabolic reactions, and from a presumably simple primordial metabolism the organisms living today have evolved complex and highly variable metabolisms. We have studied this phenomenon by comparing the ...
journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-20
更新日期:2011-01-20 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-02-06 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-03-09 00:00:00
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journal_title:BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-4
更新日期:2009-01-07 00:00:00