Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Body contouring in the calf region is becoming a more frequently requested procedure. There are several techniques for calf enhancement, including implants, liposuction, and free flaps. Alloplastic augmentation can be performed with several implant types and several layers of pocket dissection. We present our 25 years of experience using the subfascial technique for calf implantation along with an anatomical study to illustrate all the important steps and relevant anatomy of this augmentation technique. METHODS:The subfascial technique was performed in 25 cadavers, in which the important layers were dissected for high-resolution photos of the surgery to learn about the relevant anatomy of the region. Also, we did a retrospective study of our experience with calf implants, studying the aesthetic outcome, the presence of early complications, and the presence of late complications. RESULTS:We performed dissections in 25 cadavers and surgery in 63 patients (126 implants). In our series of patients the final aesthetic index was of 9.8. The early complications were severe postoperative pain (11.11%), infection (0.79%), seroma (21.42%), hematoma (0%), and wound dehiscence (7.14%). The late complications were capsular contracture (Baker grades III and IV) (3.17%), implant rupture (1.58%), implant leaking (0%), implant displacement (3.96%), numbness at the ankle (2.38%), and palpability of the implant (0%). CONCLUSION:The subfascial technique for calf augmentation has complication rates low enough and surgical outcomes good enough to recommend it as the gold standard for alloplastic calf augmentation.
journal_name
Aesthetic Plast Surgjournal_title
Aesthetic plastic surgeryauthors
de la Peña-Salcedo JA,Soto-Miranda MA,Lopez-Salguero JFdoi
10.1007/s00266-011-9812-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-04-01 00:00:00pages
261-70issue
2eissn
0364-216Xissn
1432-5241journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the dimensions and function of the auricular muscle and to consider applications of this muscle in facial plastic surgery. METHODS:Nonpreserved fresh frozen human cadaver dissections from the (HOSPITAL-Blinded) Body Donation program were dissected. The length and width of the superior auricular mu...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-02045-x
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::The use of autologous fat for implantation has recently received renewed attention in the plastic surgery literature. Autologous fat reportedly has been used for the treatment of wrinkles and Romberg's disease, and for buttock and breast augmentation. While some measure of success has been achieved, many surgeons repo...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a rare soft tissue cancer of the skin with the potential for intermediate malignity, characterized by local invasion and recurrence. Presenting with local atrophic and sometimes erythematous plaques, these lesions are best treated with surgery in which large excisions are necessary t...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-003-0107-9
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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doi:10.1007/s00266-014-0290-x
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
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更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autologous fat injection for soft tissue augmentation in the face is claimed to be a safe procedure. However, there are several case reports in the literature where patients have suffered from acute visual loss and cerebral infarction following fat injections into the face. Acute visual loss after injection of various...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00