Abstract:
PURPOSE:This study aimed to introduce a novel approach to study the facial mimetic muscles (FMMs) in relation to the nasolabial fold (NLF) and realize the visualization of complex three-dimensional (3D) structures and spatial relationships of the FMMs. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) and iodine staining techniques were used to obtain the two-dimensional (2D) radiographs of the FMMs. Materialise Mimics software was then used to reconstruct the 3D model of the FMMs. RESULTS:The zygomaticus major muscle (ZMM) was divided into trunk fibers and branch fibers. The trunk fibers of the ZMM were subdivided into branch fibers layer-by-layer. Adipose tissue in the cheek was not a mass of unorganized fat. It was separated and fixed by branch fibers. Moreover, the trunk fibers of the ZMM were directly connected to the levator anguli oris (LAO), not the skin. On the contrary, the ZMM was connected to the skin by its subdivided branch fibers indirectly. The muscle fibers in the modiolus were organized, rather than disorganized. In other words, the terminal of the trunk fibers of the ZMM was located in the LAO. Moreover, the terminal of the trunk fibers of the LAO was located at the terminal of the trunk fibers of the musculus depressor anguli oris at the corner of the mouth. Furthermore, the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi was not directly connected to the orbicularis oris muscle. It was connected to the combination of the LLS and the rhinaeus. CONCLUSIONS:Although nano-CT has many disadvantages, it enabled the 3D anatomical study of the FMMs in relation to the NLF when combined with iodine staining. We imported the 2D images obtained by nano-CT scanning into the Mimics software, successfully reconstructed the FMMs, and finally obtained images of complex 3D structures of the FMMs. The shapes, positions, and 3D spatial relationships of the FMMs were clearly visualized. The novel insights into the 3D anatomy of the FMMs may help understand the formation of the NLF. Finally, the results of this study may help improve the rejuvenation surgery of the NLF soon. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV:This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
journal_name
Aesthetic Plast Surgjournal_title
Aesthetic plastic surgeryauthors
Chen GC,Sun M,Yin NBdoi
10.1007/s00266-019-01495-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
80-86issue
1eissn
0364-216Xissn
1432-5241pii
10.1007/s00266-019-01495-2journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Anne K. Groth's name was wrongly tagged in the original publication of this article. It has been corrected here. ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-01739-6
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of a vascular pedicled temporoparietalis muscle flap resurfaced with a full-thickness skin graft from the opposite ear, instead of less-than-favorable skin coverage, is advocated to achieve more satisfactory aesthetic results in total ear reconstruction handicapped by the presence of scarred local skin. The techni...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01570713
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Otoplasty is a century-old procedure that, through continued modifications, now has over two hundred different procedures described in the literature. In this article, we seek to describe the anatomy and principles of aesthetic otoplasty, as well as some of the key contributions to aesthetic otoplasty. This ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00266-019-01441-2
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle hypertrophy is a rare finding in neurologic lesions. Infiltration, stretching, and exercise of the muscle are causative factors of enlargement and hypertrophy. We report a case of unilateral calf hypertrophy postpoliomyelitis. The resection of the total medial and partial lateral gastrocnemius muscle was perfor...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002660010106
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maxillary and mandibular anterior segmental osteotomies (ASO) are ways to correct disharmony in the lip (contour, lip seal, and profile) and occasional dentoalveolar malocclusion. We performed 23 maxillary setback ASO, three maxillary advancement ASO, 21 mandibular setback ASO, and six mandibular advancement ASO in 28...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02274734
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liposuction has been traditionally performed under general anesthesia. Standard instrumentation for the procedure has included blunt-tipped suction cannulae connected to an electric vacuum pump by noncollapsible tubing. A subcutaneous injection of Lidocaine with Epinephrine is routinely employed to minimize blood loss...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00451658
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Radiofrequency-assisted liposuction involves the delivery of a controlled amount of energy to treated tissue resulting in fat liquefaction, accompanying hemostasis, and skin tightening. The purpose of this study is to report experience with a larger sample size using the BodyTite™ radiofrequency-assisted lip...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-011-9846-1
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The carbon dioxide laser, when used in the treatment of rhinophyma, allows accurate removal of the diseased tissue to the desired level without risk of exposure of any underlying osteocartilaginous structures. This ensures rapid reepithelialization that minimizes the untoward scarring that may occur from delayed heali...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01570928
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although silicone rubber (SR) implants are most commonly used and effective for soft-tissue augmentation, they still have been implicated in many adverse reactions. To overcome this problem, a novel composite beta-tricalcium phosphate/silicone rubber (beta-TCP/SR) was prepared by adding beta-TCP into a SR ma...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-009-9363-7
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nomenclature for the definition, diagnosis, and surgical management of the congenital anomalies of the breast is suggested. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code numbers pertaining to these anomalies have been tabulated. ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01570327
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reduction mammoplasty in patients with gigantic breast hypertrophy runs a high risk of complication. Traditionally, inferior pedicle reductions or free nipple grafting techniques have been recommended for gigantic breasts on the basis of measurements and expected resection weights. The superiomedial pedicle ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-01973-y
更新日期:2020-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::In this invited discussion, we applaud the authors of "Awareness of Facial Asymmetry and Its Impact on Postoperative Satisfaction of Rhinoplasty Patient" for their efforts to reinforce the importance of recognizing facial asymmetry preoperatively in the rhinoplasty patient. They can be applauded for translating this k...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-02003-7
更新日期:2020-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Very large breasts associated with ptosis frequently present a challenge to the plastic surgeon in choosing the ideal procedure to obtain a satisfactory result. A free nipple graft, which for many represents the best option in these conditions, has many disadvantages. METHODS:The author's method of a superi...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-009-9316-1
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A one-stage surgical correction of tuberous and tubular breast deformities is described. An intraareolar donut of pigmented skin is deepithelialized to correct the associated mega areola, allowing, at the same time, a port of entry for insertion of a retroglandular breast implant. The exposed areolar dermis is then te...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002669900204
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The estimation of breast implant size in both aesthetic and reconstructive surgery often is a matter of clinical and intraoperative trial and error, with subsequent differences in the resulting postoperative outcomes. Numerous techniques for preoperative estimation of implant size are in current use. However, although...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-007-9045-2
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since 2017, there have been an increasing number of reported cases regarding breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) in the literature. Although significant attention was dispensed for this relevant issue, there is no consensus on what the trigger points for disease development are. BIA-ALC...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1007/s00266-019-01602-3
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ectopic primary carcinoma of breast tissue is a rare entity, and its diagnosis often is delayed. The axilla is the most common site involved. The Limberg flap as a random flap is easy and practicable for coverage of many defects including those involving the axilla. In the reported case, the vascularity of t...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-008-9218-7
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to describe average nasal anthropometric measurements for young Egyptian males by using the Rhinobase® software. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This was a cross-sectional study involving the evaluation of facial photographs. Frontal, right lateral and basal photographs for 300 healthy adult ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-018-1197-8
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Augmentation mammaplasty is generally associated with a high degree of patient satisfaction, but many studies now suggest that silicone gelfilled implants leak and that free gel migrates. A series of saline-filled augmentations is presented with technique that results in a small and inconspicuous incision and superior...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01577868
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simplified technique for surgical correction of prognathism, consisting of an angled or L-shaped osteotomy in the mandibular ramus starting from the sigmoid notch and ending on the posterior border of the ascending ramus, has been performed on 365 patients. Modifications of the procedure allow for concomitant correc...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01575238
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) (Sculptra, Dermik Laboratories, Bridgewater, NJ, a business of sanofi-aventis US, LLC) is a novel biocompatible and biodegradable injectable device currently under review by the Food and Drug Administration for a cosmetic indication. When implanted into soft tissues, PLLA is thought to elicit...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-008-9112-3
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A description is given of our approach to aesthetic surgery of the ear, based on the concept of the "convex ear" (Figs. 1, 8, 10D, 10F, 10H, 10J, 11B, 12C, 13D) in place of the "three-form ear." Special attention is required regarding the position of the upper pole and the shape, position, and size of the earlobule, i...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002669900132
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:In female genital rejuvenation and beautification, interest and demand for combined surgical and non-surgical methods are increasing. This study presents the results of our labia minora reduction technique and a vulvovaginal rejuvenation and beautification concept, where a combination of fat injection into the mons...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-01980-z
更新日期:2020-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Pectus excavatum, the most common congenital chest wall malformation, has a higher incidence among men. Since 1987, when Donald Nuss performed his technique for the first time, the minimally invasive approach has become the most widely used technique for treating pectus excavatum. Few reported studies have focused on ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-009-9438-5
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In completing a satisfactory repair of the prominent ear, the shape of the antihelical fold is often the key to the aesthetic outcome. Correction involves not just creating a fold in the antihelix but also establishing a smooth sweep or antihelical curve anterior to posterior as well. The essential components describe...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00444251
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on changes in melanin formation and tyrosinase activity in B16 cells treated by 3-isobutyl-1 methylxanthine (IBMX) and to explore the mechanism of SVF-mediated inhibition of pigmentation. METHODS:We co-cultured extracted SVFs and B16 cells trea...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-019-01439-w
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:We present an unusual insatiable aesthetic/plastic surgery patient with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who removed her upper eyelids by herself after we rejected her request for revision blepharoplasty. This impulsive self-injury was attributed to anxiety from what the patient considered to be abandon...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-014-0332-4
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Capsular contracture remains a major complication after reconstructive or aesthetic breast augmentation. Formation of capsular fibrosis is a multifactorial process. An initial inflammatory reaction appears to be key to the development of capsular contracture. Recent studies have shown that pulsed acoustic ce...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-013-0235-9
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Supernumerary nostril and oblique facial cleft are both rare congenital anomalies. Here, we present a 2-year-old patient with a supernumerary nostril and a Tessier 3 incomplete facial cleft, which have not been reported previously. It should also be mentioned that the nostril and ala of this supernumerary nostril were...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-015-0501-0
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Micrografting for hair restoration has become increasingly popular because of the natural results it can achieve. The procedure is often performed under local anesthesia or local anesthesia with sedation. To achieve adequate anesthesia, supraorbital and supratrochlear nerve blocks are often performed as well as infilt...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02275575
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00