Abstract:
:Ethanol (ETOH) can cause apoptotic death of neurons by depleting GSH with an associated increase in oxidative stress. The current study illustrates a means to overcome this ETOH-induced neurotoxicity by enhancing GSH through boosting Nrf2, a transcription factor that controls GSH homeostasis. ETOH treatment caused a significant increase in Nrf2 protein, transcript expression, Nrf2-DNA binding activity, and expression of its transcriptional target, NQO1, in primary cortical neuron (PCNs). However, this increase in Nrf2 did not maintain GSH levels in response to ETOH, and apoptotic death still occurred. To elucidate this phenomenon, we silenced Nrf2 in neurons and found that ETOH-induced GSH depletion and the increase in superoxide levels were exacerbated. Furthermore, Nrf2 knockdown resulted in significantly increased (P < 0.05) caspase 3 activity and apoptosis. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of Nrf2 prevented ETOH-induced depletion of GSH from the medium and high GSH subpopulations and prevented ETOH-related apoptotic death. These studies illustrate the importance of Nrf2-dependent maintenance of GSH homeostasis in cerebral cortical neurons in the defense against oxidative stress and apoptotic death elicited by ETOH exposure.
journal_name
Mol Pharmacoljournal_title
Molecular pharmacologyauthors
Narasimhan M,Mahimainathan L,Rathinam ML,Riar AK,Henderson GIdoi
10.1124/mol.111.073262subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
988-99issue
6eissn
0026-895Xissn
1521-0111pii
mol.111.073262journal_volume
80pub_type
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