Abstract：
:Sustainable food production depends critically on the development of crop genotypes that exhibit high yield under reduced nutrient inputs. Rooting traits have been widely advocated as being able to influence optimal plant performance, while breeding-based improvements in yield of spring barley suggest that this species is a good model crop. To date, however, molecular genetics knowledge has not delivered realistic plant ideotypes, while agronomic trials have been unable to identify superior traits. This study explores an intermediate experimental system in which root traits and their effect on plant performance can be quantified. As a test case, four modern semi-dwarf barley varieties, which possess either the ari-e.GP or the sdw1 dwarf allele, were compared with the long-stemmed old variety Kenia under two levels of nutrient supply. The two semi-dwarf types differed from Kenia, exhibiting smaller stem mass and total plant nitrogen (N), and improved partitioning of mass and N to grain. Amongst the semi-dwarfs, the two ari-e.GP genotypes performed better than the two sdw1 genotypes under standard and reduced nutrient supply, particularly in root mass, root investment efficiency, N acquisition, and remobilization of N and mass to grain. However, lack of between-genotype variation in yield and N use efficiency indicated limited potential for exploiting genetic variation in existing varieties to improve barley performance under reduced nutrient inputs. Experimental approaches to test the expression of desirable root and shoot traits are scrutinized, and the potential evaluated for developing a spring barley ideotype for low nutrient conditions.
journal_name
J Exp Botjournal_title
Journal of experimental botanyauthors
Karley AJ,Valentine TA,Squire GRdoi
10.1093/jxb/err089subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-07-01 00:00:00pages
3917-27issue
11eissn
0022-0957issn
1460-2431pii
err089journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Plants are sessile organisms forced to adjust to their surrounding environment. In a single plant the photoautotrophic shoot is exposed to pronounced environmental variations recurring in a day-night 24 h (diel) cycle, whereas the heterotrophic root grows in a temporally less fluctuating environment. The contrasting h...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/jxb/err334
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bulbil formation in Agave tequilana was analysed with the objective of understanding this phenomenon at the molecular and cellular levels. Bulbils formed 14-45 d after induction and were associated with rearrangements in tissue structure and accelerated cell multiplication. Changes at the cellular level during bulbil ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erq215
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the complex relationship between ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA) on flower development and senescence in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. was investigated. Ethylene biosynthetic (HrsACS and HrsACO) and receptor (HrsETR and HrsERS) genes were isolated and their expression evaluated in three different floral tis...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/err218
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transition from reversible to permanent wilting, in whole tomato seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. M82) following severe salt-stress by root exposure to 300 mM NaCl, was investigated. Salinized seedlings wilted rapidly but recovered if returned to non-saline nutrient solution within 6 h. However, after ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jexbot/52.364.2207
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations affecting the Arabidopsis SWC6 gene encoding a putative orthologue of a component of the SWR1 chromatin remodelling complex in plants have been characterized. swc6 mutations cause early flowering, shortened inflorescence internodes, and altered leaf and flower development. These phenotypic defects resemble t...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erm332
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An alkaline proteinase activity is present in quiescent seeds and up to the 24th day of development of Canavalia ensiformis DC (L.) plants. By a simple protocol consisting of cation exchange chromatography, followed by an anion exchange column, a serine proteinase (Q-SP) was purified to homogeneity from quiescent seed...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erl223
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leaf senescence involves degenerative but active biological processes that require balanced regulation of pro- and anti-senescing activities. Ethylene and cytokinin are major antagonistic regulatory hormones that control the timing and progression rate of leaf senescence. To identify the roles of these hormones in the...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/ery137
更新日期：2018-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Theobroma cacao (cacao) is cultivated in tropical climates and is exposed to drought stress. The impact of the endophytic fungus Trichoderma hamatum isolate DIS 219b on cacao's response to drought was studied. Colonization by DIS 219b delayed drought-induced changes in stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis, and gre...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erp165
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among dicotyledon families, Chenopodiaceae has the most C(4) species and the greatest diversity in structural forms of C(4). In subfamily Salicornioideae, C(4) photosynthesis has, so far, only been found in the genus Halosarcia which is now included in the broadly circumscribed Tecticornia. Comparative anatomical, cyt...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/ern028
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The disruption of K(+) transport and accumulation is symptomatic of NH(4)(+) toxicity in plants. In this study, the influence of K(+) supply (0.02-40 mM) and nitrogen source (10 mM NH(4)(+) or NO(3)(-)) on root plasma membrane K(+) fluxes and cytosolic K(+) pools, plant growth, and whole-plant K(+) distribution in the...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/ern190
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytokinins are plant hormones involved in regulation of diverse developmental and physiological processes in plants whose molecular mechanisms of action are being intensely researched. However, most rapid responses to cytokinin signals at the proteomic and phosphoproteomic levels are unknown. Early cytokinin responses...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erq322
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cDNA clone was selected as a candidate for the catalytic subunit of phospho-pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase (PDP) by screening a Zea mays expressed sequence tag database with the bovine PDP deduced amino acid sequence. Both strands of the cDNA were completely sequenced. The maize clone contains an open reading fr...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutant alleles at the suffulta locus of tomato dramatically affect the pattern of plastid division throughout the plant, resulting in few, greatly enlarged chloroplasts in leaf and stem cells. suffulta plants are compromised in growth and have distinctly pale stems. The green developing tomato fruit are generally pale...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erj144
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High temperatures are known to reduce anthocyanin accumulation in a number of diverse plant species. In potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), high temperature significantly reduces tuber anthocyanin pigment content. However, the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in potato tuber under heat stress remains unknown. Here we ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erz194
更新日期：2019-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds have poor shelf life and exhibit thermoinhibition (fail to germinate) above ∼25°C. Seed priming (controlled hydration followed by drying) alleviates thermoinhibition by increasing the maximum germination temperature, but reduces lettuce seed longevity. Controlled deterioration (CD) or...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erq248
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein phosphorylation is key to the regulation of many proteins. Altered protein activity often requires the interaction of the phosphorylated protein with a class of "adapters" known as 14-3-3 proteins. This review will cover aspects of 14-3-3 interaction with key proteins of carbon and nitrogen metabolism such as ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/jxb/erg057
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plant-parasitic root-knot nematodes induce the formation of giant cells within the plant root, and it has been recognized that auxin accumulates in these feeding sites. Here, we studied the role of the auxin transport system governed by AUX1/LAX3 influx proteins and different PIN efflux proteins during feeding site de...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erw230
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Production per amount of water used (water use efficiency, WUE) is closely correlated with drought tolerance. Although stomatal aperture can regulate WUE, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Previous reports revealed that stomatal closure was inhibited in the calcium-sensing receptor (CAS) antisense...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/ert362
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The suppression subtractive hybridization technique was used to identify differentially expressed genes between hormone-autotrophic and hormone-dependent Panax ginseng callus lines. A tonoplast intrinsic protein cDNA (PgTIP1) was found to be highly and specifically expressed in hormone-autotrophic ginseng cells, which...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erl255
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inside chloroplasts, several abiotic stresses (including drought, high light, salinity, or extreme temperatures) induce a reduction in CO2 assimilation rates with a consequent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ultimately leading to leaf senescence and yield loss. Photo-oxidation processes should th...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/jxb/eru086
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:FUSCA3 (FUS3) is a short-lived B3-domain transcription factor that regulates seed development and phase transitions in Arabidopsis thaliana. The mechanisms controlling FUS3 levels are currently poorly understood. Here we show that FUS3 interacts with the RING E3 ligase ABI3-INTERACTING PROTEIN2 (AIP2). AIP2-green fluo...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erx046
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid hormones that play key roles in plant development and defense. Our goal is to harness the extensive knowledge of the Arabidopsis BR signalling network for improving productivity in crop species. This first requires identifying components of the conserved network and their function in...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/eraa495
更新日期：2020-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of endogenous salicylic acid (SA) signalling cascades in plant responses to salt and oxidative stresses is unclear. Arabidopsis SA signalling mutants, namely npr1-5 (non-expresser of pathogenesis related gene1), which lacks NPR1-dependent SA signalling, and nudt7 (nudix hydrolase7), which has both constitutiv...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/eru528
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:7365AB, a recessive genetic male sterility system, is controlled by BnMs3 in Brassica napus, which encodes a Tic40 protein required for tapetum development. However, the role of BnMs3 in rapeseed anther development is still largely unclear. In this research, cytological analysis revealed that anther development of a B...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/err405
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leaf senescence is a programmed developmental process governed by various endogenous and exogenous factors, such as the plant developmental stage, leaf age, phytohormone levels, darkness, and exposure to stresses. It was found that, in addition to its well-documented role in the enhancement of plant frost tolerance, o...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erp300
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:PCR-based differential screening was used to identify ethylene-induced genes in deep-water rice (Oryza sativa L.). One of the isolated cDNAs represented a novel protein, OsSBF1, with high homology to mammalian Na+/bile acid transporters and to sodium-dependent transporters from bacteria. One highly homologous protein ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/erf053
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rice (Oryza sativa) varieties that are arsenate-tolerant (Bala) and -sensitive (Azucena) were used to conduct a transcriptome analysis of the response of rice seedlings to sodium arsenate (AsV) in hydroponic solution. RNA extracted from the roots of three replicate experiments of plants grown for 1 week in phosphate-f...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/ern097
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study abscisic acid-induced stomatal closing, and malate effects on stomatal apertures were analysed in the presence of guard cell ion channel regulators. A recent study has suggested that abscisic acid (ABA) activation of protein kinases and/or inhibition of protein phosphatases may be central to activ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/48.Special_Issue.539
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abiotic factors inducing osmotic stress can influence the plant immune response and resistance to pathogen infections. In this study, the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG)- and sucrose-induced osmotic stress on polyamine (PA) homeostasis and the basal immune response in grapevine plantlets before and after Botrytis ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jxb/ert351
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary adhesion of zoospores of the green macroalga Enteromorpha to substrata involves a massive release of adhesive glycoproteins from Golgi-derived, membrane-bounded vesicles in the anterior region of the spore, followed by rapid curing. This process is sensitive to low concentrations (5-10 microg x ml(-1)) of the ...
journal_title：Journal of experimental botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/jexbot/52.360.1409
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
