Abstract:
SIGNIFICANCE:Mitochondrial function is central to a wide range of biological processes in health and disease and there is considerable interest in developing small molecules that are taken up by mitochondria and act as either probes of mitochondrial function or therapeutics in vivo. RECENT ADVANCES:Various strategies have been used to target small molecules to mitochondria, particularly conjugation to lipophilic cations and peptides, and most of the work so far has been on mitochondria-targeted antioxidants and redox probes. In vivo studies will reveal whether there are differences in the types of bioactive functionalities that can be delivered using different carriers. CRITICAL ISSUES:The outstanding challenge in the area is to discover how to combine the established selective delivery to mitochondria with the specific delivery to particular organs. FUTURE DIRECTIONS:These targeting methods will be used to direct many other bioactive molecules to mitochondria and many more wider applications other than just to antioxidants can be anticipated in the future.
journal_name
Antioxid Redox Signaljournal_title
Antioxidants & redox signalingauthors
Smith RA,Hartley RC,Murphy MPdoi
10.1089/ars.2011.3969subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-15 00:00:00pages
3021-38issue
12eissn
1523-0864issn
1557-7716journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:AIMS:The potential receptor for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) remains unknown. RESULTS:H2S could directly activate vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and that a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of VEGFR2 inhibited H2S-induced migration of human vascular endothelial cells. H2S promoted angi...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4565
更新日期:2013-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Although much is known about how TNF-alpha induces apoptosis in the presence of inhibitors of protein synthesis, little is known about how it induces apoptosis without these inhibitors. In this report we investigated temporal sequence of events induced by TNF-alpha in the absence of protein synthesis. Regardless of wh...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2009.3036
更新日期:2010-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis mediates the precise and programmed natural death of neurons and is a physiologically important process in neurogenesis during maturation of the central nervous system. However, premature apoptosis and/or an aberration in apoptosis regulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, a multifac...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1511
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Aims: Endothelial dysfunction appears in early diabetes mellitus partially because of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) abnormal activation and downstream oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine whether Y396, a synthesized analog of rhynchophylline, ...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2018.7721
更新日期:2020-04-10 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Once dismissed as an inert byproduct of nitric oxide (NO) auto-oxidation, nitrite (NO(2)(-)) is now accepted as an endocrine reservoir of NO that elicits biological responses in major organs. While it is known that tissue nitrite is derived from NO oxidation and the diet, little is known about how nitrite is metab...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2011.4242
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent cardiomyocyte death. The generation of excessive quantities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and resultant damage to mitochondrial enzymes is considered an important mechanism underlying reperfusion injury. Mitochondr...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4698
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Significance: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVDs) continue to be a primary cause of mortality worldwide in adults aged 35-70 years, occurring more often in countries with lower economic development, and they constitute an ever-growing global burden that has a c...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2019.7955
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Recent studies suggest that the molybdenum enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and mARC exhibit nitrite reductase activity at low oxygen pressures. However, inhibition studies of xanthine oxidase in humans have failed to block nitrite-dependent changes in blood flow, leading to continued exploration for ot...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5397
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process, paradigmatic of the concept of cell plasticity, that leads epithelial cells to lose their polarization and specialized junctional structures, to undergo cytoskeleton reorganization, and to acquire morphological and functional features of mesenchymal-...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2737
更新日期:2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::In striated muscle, the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is the major storage compartment of intracellular Ca2+ that controls cytosolic free Ca2+ (Cai) and developed force by sequestering and releasing Ca2+ during each contraction. Ca2+ release from the SR occurs through high-conductance Ca2+ release channels or ryanodine ...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2000.2.1-5
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The risk factors promoting acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression remain largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) accelerates the development of renal fibrosis after AKI. RESULTS:Hhcy aggravated ischemia-reperfusion-induced...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2017.7397
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extensive literature exists supporting a role for mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Mitochondria are a major source of intracellular reactive oxygen species and are particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress. This review discusses evidence supporting the notion...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1703
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Here we report that chromatin, the complex and dynamic eukaryotic DNA packaging structure, is able to sense cellular redox changes. Histone H3, the only nucleosomal protein that possesses cysteine(s), can be modified by glutathione (GSH). RESULTS:Using Biotin labeled glutathione ethyl ester (BioGEE) treatment of ...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.5021
更新日期:2013-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a bulk degradation process in which cytosolic proteins and organelles are degraded through lysosomes. To evaluate autophagic flux in cardiac myocytes, we generated adenovirus and cardiac-specific transgenic mice harboring tandem fluorescent mRFP-GFP-LC3. Starvation significantly increased the number of mR...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3488
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteasome-mediated protein degradation is responsible for a large percentage of bulk protein turnover, particularly the degradation of short-lived and oxidized proteins. Increasing evidence suggests that proteasome inhibition occurs during the aging of the central nervous system (CNS), and in a variety of age-related...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2006.8.163
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:SIGNIFICANCE:The discovery of the oxidoreductase disulfide bond protein A (DsbA) in 1991 opened the way to the unraveling of the pathways of disulfide bond formation in the periplasm of Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria. Correct oxidative protein folding in the E. coli envelope depends on both the DsbA/...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4864
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluid shear stress plays a critical role in the regulation of vascular biology and its pathology, such as atherosclerosis, via modulation of redox balance. Both pro-atherogenic (either oscillatory or turbulent, nonunidirectional) shear stress and anti-atherogenic (either steady or pulsatile, unidirectional laminar) sh...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3433
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:SIGNIFICANCE:In bacteria, transcriptional responses to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively) are typically coordinated by regulatory proteins that employ metal centers or reactive thiols to detect the presence of those species. This review is focused on the structure, function and mechanism o...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4533
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induces an adaptive program called the unfolded protein response (UPR), which affects activity of an array of kinases and transcription factors. Previous reports provided evidence for activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), the major transcription factor regulating inflammato...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2008.2391
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study early subcellular pathologic changes of tumorigenesis in mouse skin and possible modulation by overexpression of the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), skin keratinocytes from nontransgenic (Ntg) and transgenic (TgH) mice overexpressing MnSOD topically treated with one do...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/152308604773934297
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy are recognized as two critical processes underlying mitochondrial homeostasis. Morphological and bioenergetic characterization of the life cycle of an individual mitochondrion reveals several points where fusion, fission, and mitophagy interact. Mitochondrial fission can produce an...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3779
更新日期:2011-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Our laboratory demonstrated that hyperhomocysteinemia accelerates atherosclerosis in mouse models through ER stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that homocysteine-induced ER stress may arise from ER-Ca(2+) disequilibria. We found that homocysteine-induc...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1780
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical heart failure has been defined for a long time as a clinical syndrome with symptoms and signs including shortness of breath, cyanosis, ascites, and edema. However, in recent years, with the thought of promoting early diagnosis and heart-failure prevention, the concept of heart failure has often been defined s...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2488
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Nuclear factor-erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical transcriptional factor that is used in regulating cellular defense against oxidative stress. This study is aimed at investigating new interacting protein partners of Nrf2 using One-strep tag pull-down coupled with LTQ Orbitrap LC/MS/MS, and at examinin...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4586
更新日期:2013-07-10 00:00:00
abstract:SIGNIFICANCE:Currently, calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is only treatable through surgical intervention because the specific mechanisms leading to the disease remain unclear. In this review, we explore the forces and structure of the valve, as well as the mechanosensors and downstream signaling in the valve endoth...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2015.6554
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important regulatory role through various signaling transduction pathways in folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, endometrial cycle, luteolysis, implantation, embryogenesis, and pregnancy. Persistent and elevated generation of ROS leads to a disturbance of ...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2007.1964
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the role of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 deletion on citrate synthase (CS) activity postmyocardial infarction (MI). RESULTS:We fractionated left ventricle (LV) samples using a differential solubility-based approach. The insoluble protein fraction was analyzed by mass spectrometry, and we identified...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5411
更新日期:2014-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:: Significance: Hypertension is characterized as the imbalance of vasoconstriction and vasodilatation. Hypertension is influenced by genetic variation and environmental risk factors, such as unhealthy diet. Clinical trial results suggest that increasing intake of foods rich ...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2020.8108
更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress due to increased epidermal levels of H(2)O(2) with consequent inhibition of catalase activity is generally accepted as a leading cytotoxic mechanism of melanocyte loss in vitiligo. Keratinocyte-derived cytokines are considered key factors in the maintenance of melanocyte structure and functions. We hy...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2976
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have shown that advancing age is associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) comprise the major arterial cell population, and changes in VSMC behavior, function, and redox status with age contribute to alterations in vascular remo...
journal_title:Antioxidants & redox signaling
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2854
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00