Abstract:
:Biodiversity in agricultural landscapes can be increased with conversion of some production lands into 'more-natural'- unmanaged or extensively managed - lands. However, it remains unknown to what extent biodiversity can be enhanced by altering landscape pattern without reducing agricultural production. We propose a framework for this problem, considering separately compositional heterogeneity (the number and proportions of different cover types) and configurational heterogeneity (the spatial arrangement of cover types). Cover type classification and mapping is based on species requirements, such as feeding and nesting, resulting in measures of 'functional landscape heterogeneity'. We then identify three important questions: does biodiversity increase with (1) increasing heterogeneity of the more-natural areas, (2) increasing compositional heterogeneity of production cover types and (3) increasing configurational heterogeneity of production cover types? We discuss approaches for addressing these questions. Such studies should have high priority because biodiversity protection globally depends increasingly on maintaining biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes.
journal_name
Ecol Lettjournal_title
Ecology lettersauthors
Fahrig L,Baudry J,Brotons L,Burel FG,Crist TO,Fuller RJ,Sirami C,Siriwardena GM,Martin JLdoi
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01559.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-02-01 00:00:00pages
101-12issue
2eissn
1461-023Xissn
1461-0248journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ECOLOGY LETTERS文献大全abstract::Ecological constraints on independent breeding are recognised as major drivers of cooperative breeding across diverse lineages. How the prevalence and degree of cooperative breeding relates to ecological variation remains unresolved. Using a large data set of cooperative nesting in Polistes wasps we demonstrate that d...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12488
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Larger testes produce more sperm and therefore improve reproductive success in the face of sperm competition. Adaptation to social mating systems with relatively high and low sperm competition are therefore likely to have driven changes in relative testes size in opposing directions. Here, we combine the largest verte...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.13431
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tropical soils contain huge carbon stocks, which climate warming is projected to reduce by stimulating organic matter decomposition, creating a positive feedback that will promote further warming. Models predict that the loss of carbon from warming soils will be mediated by microbial physiology, but no empirical data ...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/ele.13379
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutualistic interactions involving pollination and ant-plant mutualistic networks typically feature tightly linked species grouped in modules. However, such modularity is infrequent in seed dispersal networks, presumably because research on those networks predominantly includes a single taxonomic animal group (e.g. bi...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01639.x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shifts in the phenologies of coexistence species are altering the temporal structure of natural communities worldwide. However, predicting how these changes affect the structure and long-term dynamics of natural communities is challenging because phenology and coexistence theory have largely proceeded independently. H...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/ele.13277
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Food-web complexity often hinders disentangling functionally relevant aspects of food-web structure and its relationships to biodiversity. Here, we present a theoretical framework to evaluate food-web complexity in terms of biodiversity. Food network unfolding is a theoretical method to transform a complex food web in...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12973
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Body condition metrics are widely used to infer animal health and to assess costs of parasite infection. Since parasites harm their hosts, ecologists might expect negative relationships between infection and condition in wildlife, but this assumption is challenged by studies showing positive or null condition-infectio...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/ele.13160
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individual species are distributed inhomogeneously over space and time, yet, within large communities of species, aggregated patterns of biodiversity seem to display nearly universal behaviour. Neutral models assume that an individual's demographic prospects are independent of its species identity. They have successfu...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/ele.12299
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used the largest DNA-based phylogeny of flowering plants to date to evaluate the importance of energy vs. past climate change in predicting global patterns in diversification. Relative diversification rates increased towards the equator, suggesting that differences in per-lineage net diversification may be an impor...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01138.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individual heterogeneity in life history shapes eco-evolutionary processes, and unobserved heterogeneity can affect demographic outputs characterising life history and population dynamical properties. Demographic frameworks like matrix models or integral projection models represent powerful approaches to disentangle m...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12421
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contact networks are fundamental to the transmission of infection and host sex often affects the acquisition and progression of infection. However, the epidemiological impacts of sex-related variation in animal contact networks have rarely been investigated. We test the hypothesis that sex-biases in infection are rela...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12898
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-standing theory predicts herbivores and predators should drive selection for increased plant defences, such as the specific production of volatile organic compounds for attracting predators near the site of damage. Along elevation gradients, a general pattern is that herbivores and predators are abundant at low e...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/ele.13190
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of species loss from competitive communities partly depends on how populations of the surviving species respond. Predicting the response should be straightforward using models that describe population growth as a function of competitor densities; but these models require accurate estimates of interaction st...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/ele.13163
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Time series of abundances are critical for understanding how abiotic factors and species interactions affect population dynamics, but are rarely linked with experiments and also scarce for bee pollinators. This gap is important given concerns about declines in some bee species. I monitored honey bee (Apis mellifera) a...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12659
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although fungal communities are known to vary along latitudinal gradients, mechanisms underlying this pattern are not well-understood. We used high-throughput sequencing to examine the large-scale distributions of soil fungi and their relation to evolutionary history. We tested the Tropical Conservatism Hypothesis, wh...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12311
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing temperatures associated with climate change are predicted to cause reductions in body size, a key determinant of animal physiology and ecology. Using a four-decade specimen series of 70 716 individuals of 52 North American migratory bird species, we demonstrate that increasing annual summer temperature over...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/ele.13434
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Green Wave Hypothesis posits that herbivore migration manifests in response to waves of spring green-up (i.e. green-wave surfing). Nonetheless, empirical support for the Green Wave Hypothesis is mixed, and a framework for understanding variation in surfing is lacking. In a population of migratory mule deer (Odocoi...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12772
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dispersal is a key parameter of adaptation, invasion and persistence. Yet standard population genetics inference methods hardly distinguish it from drift and many species cannot be studied by direct mark-recapture methods. Here, we introduce a method using rates of change in cline shapes for neutral markers to estimat...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/ele.12090
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The silver spoon effect in the context of habitat selection occurs when dispersers in good condition are more likely to settle in high-quality habitats than dispersers in poor condition. Positive relationships between disperser condition and the quality of post-dispersal habitats are predicted by at least two non-excl...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00972.x
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Floral mimicry of decaying plant or animal material has evolved in many plant lineages and exploits, for the purpose of pollination, insects seeking oviposition sites. Existing studies suggest that volatile signals play a particularly important role in these mimicry systems. Here, we present the first large-scale phyl...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12152
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pither & Aarssen (2005) propose a null model approach to assess the proportion of niche specialist taxa along ecological gradients. They apply this methodology to a large data set of lacustrine diatom assemblages and conclude that a majority of the taxa are generalists on a pH gradient. This conflicts with previous wo...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00875.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of consumer-resource interactions suggest that individual diet specialisation is empirically widespread and theoretically important to the organisation and dynamics of populations and communities. We used weighted networks to analyze the resource use by sea otters, testing three alternative models for how indi...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01760.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intraspecific variation is at the core of evolutionary theory, and yet, from an ecological perspective, we have few robust expectations for how this variation should affect the dynamics of large communities. Here, by adapting an approach from evolutionary game theory, we show that the incorporation of phenotypic varia...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/ele.13356
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nematomorph parasites manipulate crickets to enter streams where the parasites reproduce. These manipulated crickets become a substantial food subsidy for stream fishes. We used a field experiment to investigate how this subsidy affects the stream community and ecosystem function. When crickets were available, predato...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01798.x
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::With rapidly increasing rates of contemporary extinction, predicting extinction vulnerability and identifying how multiple stressors drive non-random species loss have become key challenges in ecology. These assessments are crucial for avoiding the loss of key functional groups that sustain ecosystem processes and ser...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01592.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologists increasingly realize that species interactions (e.g. selective predation) can determine when epidemics start and end. We hypothesize here that resource quality can also strongly influence disease dynamics: epidemics can be inhibited when resource quality for hosts is too poor and too good. In three lak...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01264.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A majority of the world's lakes are supersaturated with respect to carbon dioxide (CO(2) ). By experimental manipulation of the CO(2) concentration in supersaturated boreal lakes, we demonstrate that phytoplankton primary production was up to 10 times higher in supersaturated lake water in comparison with water with C...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01762.x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::How strongly natural populations are regulated has a long history of debate in ecology. Here, we discuss concepts of population regulation appropriate for stochastic population dynamics. We then analyse two large collections of data sets with autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) models, using model selection technique...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01393.x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forest and savanna biomes dominate the tropics, yet factors controlling their distribution remain poorly understood. Climate is clearly important, but extensive savannas in some high rainfall areas suggest a decoupling of climate and vegetation. In some situations edaphic factors are important, with forest often assoc...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01771.x
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variation for resistance to infectious disease is ubiquitous and critical to host and parasite evolution and to disease impact, spread and control. However, the processes that generate and maintain this diversity are not understood. We examine how ecological feedbacks generate diversity in host defence focussing on wh...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01832.x
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00